Synergistic effect of Annona squamosa (Sugar apple) leaves and allium sativum (Garlic) bulb ethanolic crude extracts as Larvicidal agent against Aedes aegypti

This study used experimental research design. A. squamosa leaves and A. sativum bulb were extracted using ethanol. Stock solution (1000ppm), 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm were also prepared, individually. For the synergistic solution, 50 mL. A. squamosa stock solution was added to 200 mL dechlorinated water to make a 200 ppm concentration of A. squamosa with 0 ppm of a. sativum (4:0). The same procedure was done for 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 0:4 ratios. 25 early 3rd instar larvae A. aegypti were subjected to each test concentration. For A. squamosa\u27s larvicidal activity alone, 250 ppm has the highest number of mortality with 52% and for A. sativum, 250 ppm with 97.78% mortality. In the combined concentrations of A. squamosa and A. sativum, respectively, 0:4 concentration has the highest number of mortality with 98.22% followed by 1:3 (92.895), 1:1 (80.44%), 3:1 42.67%) and 4:0 concentration with 29.33%. The LC50 and LC90 for A. squamosa were 232.85 ppm and 419.34 ppm and 164.98 ppm respectively. The LC50 and LC90 for A. squamosa were 232.85 ppm and 419.34 ppm, respectively. For the combination of both plant extracts, the LC50 was exhibited at 18.67 ppm of A. squamosa and 181.33 ppm of A. sativum while the LC90 at 122.18 ppm of A. squamosa and 77.82 ppm of A. sativum. The computation for the synergistic factor of 1.28, while, A. sativum over the LC50 of the combined is 4.49. The data collected showed that A. sativum and A. squamosa\u27s ethanolic crude extracts have a synergistic effect on each other