A Study of Evolution of Film Marketing in the Digital Age

At present, a significant share, up to 50% of the marketing budget, is spent on Internet and social media campaigns focusing on community involvement rather than mere content sharing. Social media sites such as Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram provide an open environment where teasers, behind-the-scenes content, polls, competitions, and content created by the user can be published daily, thus encouraging natural sharing. This research evaluates the changes that have occurred in cinema marketing techniques in the recent past due to social media and other emerging technologies. The research analyzes the use of short-form vertical video platforms like TikTok and Snapchat as marketing tools. Studios generate quick attention with mobile-friendly clips that are under 60 seconds long, resulting in circulation through hashtags and memes and collaboration with influencers. In this regard, the high value of social media influencers is considered because their apparent sincerity and emotional links with ardent followers can significantly increase the number of views and tickets bought. However, this carries risks such as losing control and the possibility of infection. Other emerging technologies, such as virtual, augmented, and artificial intelligence, are being analyzed as more engaging options. Finally, studying data-based individualized techniques is crucial for further development

Viscoelastic gels of guar and xanthan gum mixtures provide long-term stabilization of iron micro- and nanoparticles

Iron micro- and nanoparticles used for groundwater remediation and medical applications are prone to fast aggregation and sedimentation. Diluted single biopolymer water solutions of guar gum (GG) or xanthan gum (XG) can stabilize these particles for few hours providing steric repulsion and by increasing the viscosity of the suspension. The goal of the study is to demonstrate that amending GG solutions with small amounts of XG (XG/GG weight ratio 1:19; 3 g/L of total biopolymer concentration) can significantly improve the capability of the biopolymer to stabilize highly concentrated iron micro- and nanoparticle suspensions. The synergistic effect between GG and XG generates a viscoelastic gel that can maintain 20 g/L iron particles suspended for over 24 h. This is attributed to (i) an increase in the static viscosity, (ii) a combined polymer structure the yield stress of which contrasts the downward stress exerted by the iron particles, and (iii) the adsorption of the polymers to the iron surface having an anchoring effect on the particles. The XG/GG viscoelastic gel is characterized by a marked shear thinning behavior. This property, coupled with the low biopolymer concentration, determines small viscosity values at high shear rates, facilitating the injection in porous media. Furthermore, the thermosensitivity of the soft elastic polymeric network promotes higher stability and longer storage times at low temperatures and rapid decrease of viscosity at higher temperatures. This feature can be exploited in order to improve the flowability and the delivery of the suspensions to the target as well as to effectively tune and control the release of the iron particle

Local Obfuscation Mechanisms for Hiding Probability Distributions

We introduce a formal model for the information leakage of probability distributions and define a notion called distribution privacy as the local differential privacy for probability distributions. Roughly, the distribution privacy of a local obfuscation mechanism means that the attacker cannot significantly gain any information on the distribution of the mechanism's input by observing its output. Then we show that existing local mechanisms can hide input distributions in terms of distribution privacy, while deteriorating the utility by adding too much noise. For example, we prove that the Laplace mechanism needs to add a large amount of noise proportionally to the infinite Wasserstein distance between the two distributions we want to make indistinguishable. To improve the tradeoff between distribution privacy and utility, we introduce a local obfuscation mechanism, called a tupling mechanism, that adds random dummy data to the output. Then we apply this mechanism to the protection of user attributes in location based services. By experiments, we demonstrate that the tupling mechanism outperforms popular local mechanisms in terms of attribute obfuscation and service quality.Comment: Full version of Proc. ESORICS 2019 (with a longer appendix

The Impact of Green Institutional Pressure from Local Governments on Corporate Innovation: An Empirical Evidence from Foreign-Invested Enterprises in China

The natural environment of the human world has been deteriorating over the past few decades, and policies to protect the environment are receiving increasing attention from governments worldwide. The question of how green institutional pressures from local governments impact corporate behaviors, especially innovation behaviors, is a critical issue. However, the link between local governments’ institutional pressures and corporate innovative behaviors remains a matter of some dispute. This paper compiles data from foreign-invested enterprises in China, using the frequency of green development terms in the Chinese local governments’ annual reports as a key variable, and discusses the influence of local governments’ green institutional pressure on corporate innovation. The conclusions of this paper demonstrate that local governments’ institutional pressure has a promoting effect on corporate innovation, while the home country’s level of green knowledge reservoir has a negative moderating effect on this influence. Moreover, this conclusion exhibits heterogeneity across corporate nature, industry attributes, location characteristics, export experience and home country type

On the fluid behavior and stability of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy GMAW molten pool: Effect of the longitudinal magnetic field

By establishing a three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation of the Ti-6Al-4V Gas Metal Argon Welding (GMAW) molten pool, the molten pool’s heat transfer and fluid flow behavior under a longitudinal magnetic field were investigated. The simulation results show that when the droplet enters the molten pool, the liquid metals on the molten pool’s surface symmetrically flow towards both sides of the molten pool from different angles. With the increase of the magnetic field strengthens, the temperature gradually decreases, and the fluid flow velocity increases continuously. Besides, the magnetic field strength is correlated positively with the molten pool’s size with a certain range of 0–0.03 T. However, when the magnetic field strengthens reach 0.04 T, the magnetic field is correlated negatively with the molten pool’s size. Because the Marangoni and buoyancy begin to weaken, the molten pool’s length change occurs before the width change. Simultaneously, a sizeable velocity region appears on the left side of the molten pool. Thus, the liquid metal gathers on the left side, resulting in the weld cross-section’s asymmetry. It can conclude that only when the magnetic strengthen keeps in the range of 0–0.03 T, the longitudinal magnetic field can make the molten pool’s surface profile smooth. </jats:p

Investigation of the microstructure and mechanical performance of bimetal components fabricated using CMT-based wire arc additive manufacturing

Traditionally, wear-resistant components are manufactured by cladding hard facing material on the base metal. This production process is typically complicated, expensive, and time-consuming. This study proposes a method of fabricating components with high wear resistance requirements utilizing cold metal transfer based wire and arc additive manufacturing with hard facing welding wire as the consumable material. Thin-walled and block components were manufactured by depositing a combination of a low alloy steel, ER80S-G, and a hard facing material, MF6–55GP. Microstructure characterization and mechanical properties (hardness, tensile and Block-on-Ring wear test) were performed. The results revealed that the ER80S-G/MF6–55GP bimetal components were able to be fused with no detectable defects near the border. As the deposited height was increased, the residual stress also increased; this internal residual stress combined with the external tensile load lead to a very low tensile strength of 447.79 ± 24.32 MPa of the ER80S-G/MF6-55GP/ER80S-G sandwich structure. The microstructures, constituent phases, and hardness distributions differ greatly among the layers due to their different thermal histories. The wear weight loss varies as the load condition changes for both the MF6-55G and Cr12MoV steels. Compared to Cr12MoV, MF6-55GP weld metal exhibits better wear resistance at higher loads in dry sliding wear tests

Fabrication of circular cooling channels by cold metal transfer based wire and arc additive manufacturing

Additive manufacturing has been proven to be a promising technology for fabricating high-performance dies, molds, and conformal cooling channels. As one of the manufacturing methods, wire and arc additive manufacturing displays unique advantages of low cost and high deposition rate that are better than other high energy beam-based ones. This paper presents a preliminary study of fabricating integrated cooling channels by CMT-based wire and arc additive manufacturing process. The deposition strategies for fabricating circular cross-sectional cooling channels both in conformal and straight-line patterns have been investigated. It included optimizing the welding torch angle, fabricating the enclosed semicircle structure and predicting the collision between the torch and constructed part. The cooling effect test was also conducted on both the conformal cooling channel and straight-line cooling channel. The results affirmed a higher cooling efficiency and better uniform cooling effect of the conformal cooling channel than straight-line cooling channel. </jats:p

Investigation of the microstructure and mechanical performance of bimetal components fabricated using CMT-based wire arc additive manufacturing

Abstract Traditionally, wear-resistant components are manufactured by cladding hard facing material on the base metal. This production process is typically complicated, expensive, and time-consuming. This study proposes a method of fabricating components with high wear resistance requirements utilizing cold metal transfer based wire and arc additive manufacturing with hard facing welding wire as the consumable material. Thin-walled and block components were manufactured by depositing a combination of a low alloy steel, ER80S-G, and a hard facing material, MF6–55GP. Microstructure characterization and mechanical properties (hardness, tensile and Block-on-Ring wear test) were performed. The results revealed that the ER80S-G/MF6–55GP bimetal components were able to be fused with no detectable defects near the border. As the deposited height was increased, the residual stress also increased; this internal residual stress combined with the external tensile load lead to a very low tensile strength of 447.79 ± 24.32 MPa of the ER80S-G/MF6-55GP/ER80S-G sandwich structure. The microstructures, constituent phases, and hardness distributions differ greatly among the layers due to their different thermal histories. The wear weight loss varies as the load condition changes for both the MF6-55G and Cr12MoV steels. Compared to Cr12MoV, MF6-55GP weld metal exhibits better wear resistance at higher loads in dry sliding wear tests.</jats:p

Magnetic and magnetorheological characterization of biopolymer suspensions of nanoscale iron particles for ground water remediation

Nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) particles are a potential remedial agent for chlorinated organic compounds and toxic metals. NZVI slurries can be injected in the subsurface to target the source of contamination with reducing times and costs of the remediation interventions. Unfortunately concentrated iron suspensions are agglomerated by colloidal instability leading to solid-liquid separation after short time. It limits the mobility and transport of the iron nanoparticles in porous media. In this study, a magnetic characterization was performed on some samples of nanoscale iron powder with and without the addition of biopolymer fluid which is used to reduce the aggregation and settling of the particles. Hysteresis loops have been measured on dry nano-powder and its biopolymer suspension using a vibrating sample magnetometer at room and low temperature. The magnetization processes do not follow a Langevin-type curve, typical of superparamagnetic systems. On the contrary it has been shown that the particles form large aggregates with a multi-domain magnetic behavior.Field cooled (FC) and zero field cooled (ZFC) curves have been measured on nanoscale iron samples. Together with the hysteresis loops obtained at different temperatures, they help studying the effect of magnetic dipolar interactions on agglomeration processes among the nanoparticles. Additionally, the freezing of the suspensions provides a mechanical blocking of the particles, which can be used to more effectively study the magnetization processes in the fluid. Magnetorheological properties have been measured by Anton Paar rheometer. The magnetorheological response of the biopolymer suspension of nanoscale iron particles results from the polarization of the suspended particles by application of an external field. The interaction between the induced dipoles causes the particles to form chain-like structures. It restricts the motion of the suspension fluid, thereby increasing the viscoelastic properties. In the flow process, biopolymer structure of the suspension fluid can also affect the interaction of particles. Under a small applied field, the steric effect of biopolymer among nanoparticles can be characterized through the rheological properties and magnetization variation of suspension. Magnetic and magnetorheological measurements have been compared to understand the magnetic interaction behavior of iron nanoparticles and its effects on the agglomeration in the biopolymer suspension