Semiclassical theory of energy diffusive escape in a Duffing oscillator

Motivated by recent experimental progress to read out quantum bits implemented in superconducting circuits via the phenomenon of dynamical bifurcation, transitions between steady orbits in a driven anharmonic oscillator, the Duffing oscillator, are analyzed. In the regime of weak dissipation a consistent master equation in the semiclassical limit is derived to capture the intimate relation between finite tunneling and reflection and bath induced quantum fluctuations. From the corresponding steady state distributions analytical expressions for the switching probabilities are obtained. It is shown that a reduction of the transition rate due to finite reflection at the phase-space barrier is overcompensated by an increase due to environmental quantum fluctuations that are specific for diffusion processes over dynamical barriers. Moreover, it is revealed that close to the bifurcation threshold the escape dynamics enters an overdamped domain such that the quantum mechanical energy scale associated with friction even exceeds the thermal energy scale

Formation of J-aggregates of Thiamonomethincyanine Dyes in the Presence of CdTe Nanoparticles

The conditions of formation of J-aggregates for three types of thiamonomethincyanine dyes, whose structure is differed by end groups, are studied depending on their concentration and type of interaction with CdTe nanoparticles with size of about 3 nm in aqueous dispersions. The influence of dye structure on the efficiency of formation of J-aggregates in solutions and in films was found. It was found that quantum dots (QDs) of CdTe stabilized by thioglycolic acid can adsorb J-aggregates of the dye molecules on their surface. It was shown for the first time that the hybrid structure of dye-CdTe can be formed through the interaction of negatively charged dye molecules and negatively charged surface of the QDs through the formation of neutral aggregates. It was not found any processes of energy transfer from dye to the particles of CdTe neither for the dimer - CdTe system nor for the J-aggregates – CdTe system. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3544

Piezoelectric Response of Cadmium Sulfide Nanorod Crystals Grown from Gas Phase by Using Ag and Au Catalyst

The paper describes macroscopic and AFM measurements of piezoelectric response of a macroscopic array of nanorod crystals of CdS and single nanorod crystal of CdS, respectively. The CdS nanorod crystals grown using Ag catalyst are presented for the first time. It is shown that these crystals have an irregular shape of six-sided polyhedron and demonstrate piezoelectric response similar to their counterpart crystals grown from Au catalyst which have a perfect hexagonal shape and wurtzite structure. The irregular shape of Ag catalyzed CdS nanocrystals is discussed based on the assumption of their sphalerite crystal symmetry

Effect of the Electric Field on Ordering of Copper Phthalocyanine Films at the Molecular and Nano-scale

Thin films of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) have been prepared by vacuum thermal evaporation in the absence and in the presence of an applied electric field during film growth. It was found that both the film structure and its electrical properties were noticeably modified by the external field. Namely, molecular stacks become more ordered and conductivity of the films deposited under an external field was substantially increased as compared to the reference film. We discuss that although the CuPc molecules have small dipole moment in the ground state, nevertheless the induced dipole moment by the applied electric field can essentially promote orientation of molecular stacks in the film

POLITICS AND RELIGION

There is almost no other common evolution of two phenomena that builds its uniquenessand specificity on overlapping and separating at the same time, like the relationship betweenpolitics and religion. The axis around which both phenomena exist is the man, or in more recenttimes from the aspect of their political awareness - the citizen. The specificity of the coexistenceof politics and religion, among other things, is based on the complexity of individual phenomena,on their place and role in social processes. What politics and religion have in common is thattheir identity is based on the concrete complemented by the abstract. In other words, their scopeof action moves beyond the limits of the rational and empirically verified. The key to explainingthis challenge is that both phenomena have belief as spiritus movens in their essence. One of thecharacteristics of the historical evolution and mutual influence of politics and religion is the processof refining, i.e. building one’s own identity. In the beginning it was more difficult to make thedemarcation between them to establish the special specificity and identity, today modern societiesestablish the distinction to the point of absolute incompatibility. Even the personification of thetwo phenomena was in the beginning in the same persons, i.e. in one person it had the legitimacyto communicate with God at the same time and rule the people. In the past, one person usuallyclaimed the right to the secular and the sacred, today those roles are clearly differentiated in differentpersons. Taken at the national level, Macedonia throughout history has built its own specificitywhen it comes to the relationship between politics and religion. Its specificity is based on thehistorical fact that glorifies our country as the country through which Christianity was spread onEuropean soil, and is one of the routes for the spread of Islam in Europe. Today’s contemporaryreality characterizes it as a multiethnic and multiconfessional country

Pion-Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions at SIS energies

We investigate the production of pions in heavy-ion collisions in the energy range of $1$ - $2$ GeV/A. The dynamics of the nucleus-nucleus collisions is described by a set of coupled transport equations of the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck type for baryons and mesons. Besides the $N(938)$ and the $\Delta(1232)$ we also take into account nucleon resonances up to masses of $1.9 GeV/c^2$ as well as $\pi$-, $\eta$- and $\rho$-mesons. We study in detail the influence of the higher baryonic resonances and the $2\pi$-production channels ($NN\to NN \pi\pi$) on the pion spectra in comparison to $\pi^-$ data from $Ar + KCl$ collisions at $1.8$ GeV/A and $\pi^0$-data for $Au+Au$ at 1.0 GeV/A. We, furthermore, present a detailed comparison of differential pion angular distributions with the BEVALAC data for Ar + KCl at 1.8 GeV/A. The general agreement obtained indicates that the overall reactions dynamics is well described by our novel transport approach.Comment: 31 pages, 18 figures (inlcuded), to appear in Z. Phys.

Avtonomna segmentacija slik z Markovim slučajnim poljem

Segmentacija slik je zelo raziskovano področje, za katero so na voljo številni algoritmi. Naš cilj je segmentacija slike s pomočjo superpikslov na več skladnih delov in na nenadzorovan način. Da bi to dosegli, predlagamo iterativni segmentacijski algoritem. Algoritem predstavlja sliko kot slučajno polje Markova (MRF), katerega vozlišča so superpiksli, ki imajo barvne in teksturne atribute. Superpikslom dodelimo oznake na podlagi njihovih atributov s pomočjo metode podpornih vektorjev (SVM) in že omenjenega MRF in iterativno zmanjšujemo število segmentov. Negotovo segmentacijo po vsaki iteraciji se izboljšuje in rezultat je segmentacija slike na več semantično smiselnih delov, brez pomoči uporabnika. Algoritem je bil testiran na segmentacijsko podatkovno bazo in F ocene so podobne najsodobnejšim algoritmom. Glede fragmentacije slike naš pristop bistveno prekosi stanje tehnike z zmanjšanjem števila segmentov, iz katerih je sestavljen predmet zanimanja.Image segmentation is a widely-researched topic with many algorithms available. Our goal is to segment an image, in an unsupervised way, into several coherent parts with the help of superpixels. To achieve that, we propose an iterative segmentation algorithm. The algorithm models the image by a Markov random field, whose nodes are the superpixels, and each node has both color and texture features. The superpixels are assigned labels according to their features with the help of support vector machines and the aforementioned MRF and the number of segments is iteratively reduced. The result is a segmentation of an image into several regions with requiring any user input. The segmentation algorithm was tested on a standard evaluation database, and performs on par with state-of-the-art segmentation algorithms in F-measures. In terms of oversegmentation, our approach significantly outperforms the state of the art by greatly reducing the oversegmentation of the object of interest

Polymeric Squaraine Dyes as Electron Donors in Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

A polysquaraine low band gap polymer was synthesized by Yamamoto coupling of a monomeric dibromo indolenine squaraine dye. The resulting polymer has a weight average molar mass in the order of Mw ~30.000-50.000 and a polydispersity of ca. 1.7 as determined by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC). The electronic properties of monomer and polymer were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, absorption and emission spectroscopy. Owing to exciton coupling the absorption bands of the polymer are red-shifted and strongly broadened compared to the monomer squaraine dye. Bulk heterojunction solar cells were prepared from blends of the polysquaraine with the fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) in different weight ratios (1:3 to 1:1). The power conversion efficiencies under simulated AM 1.5 conditions yielded 0.45 % for these non-optimized systems. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) shows that the photoresponse spans the range from 300 to 850 nm, which illustrates the promising properties of this novel organic semiconductor as a low band gap donor material in organic photovoltaics.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

CONTROL OVER THE SECURITY SERVICES AS AN INDICATOR OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM

Liberal democracy as a current and dominant political model in the world representsa kind of equilibrium of a multitude of social relations and connections between the peoplewho make up the society. Democracy as a form of political arrangement has freedom andequality in its essence.In order to enable or realize these two main postulates, society createsa system based on norms and institutions, which in turn model the citizenship of man today.Part of the institutions of the system are the security institutions, whose main mission is theguarantor of one of the basic human motives, security. The security services, like no otherinstitution, in the realization of their mission use means and methods whose possible abusedevastates the entire political system and society in general. This is the foundation of theneed for adequate control that will ensure their legal operation. Legality in the operation ofthe security services is imperative because their work methodology encroaches on the mostbasic human rights, they have information whose misuse is a flagrant violation of humanfreedom and rights. A fact that is established in the history of mankind.The world, the region and our country are witnessing the abuse of these institutions, whichcreated great consequences for the future. Macedonia has witnessed several abuses of theseinstitutions since independence until now. The last abuse that was discovered in 2015, withthe illegal wiretapping, is the largest so far in terms of its scope and substance. From it,materials were illegally created for a large part of the political and media public, the businesscommunity, the judiciary, the prosecutor’s office as well as other segments of society. Eventoday, the dilemma about the integrity of the persons and the institutions managed bythem, for which there is material from the illegal wiretapping, is still relevant. It is legitimateto question whether we can call ourselves a free society if a large part of the elite dailyperforms important duties aware that someone owns a part of their privacy. Therefore, it isquite natural that the quality of the control of the security services rises to the rank of anindicator of the degree of democracy in a society. Macedonia has entered the fourth decadeof liberal democratic life, from a legal and normative point of view it is creating a model ofparliamentary and civil control of services, but the practice is disappointing, confronting uswith the fact that the form has no substance, that the declarative differs from the real