Efficacy of high-resolution, 3-D diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection of breast cancer compared to dynamic contrastenhanced magnetic resonance imaging

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of high-resolution, 3-D diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the detection of breast cancer and to compare the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curves of DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Material and method: Prospective IEC approved study included 131 breast lesions detected on mammography and breast ultrasound. Cases underwent MRI on a 3 Tesla scanner using a dedicated breast coil. T2WI, STIR, T1WI, and dynamic post contrast MR. DWI MRI with b value of 50, 800, and 1500 s/mm2. Post-processing data with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculations and kinetic curves were obtained. Characteristics for lesions were analysed as per ACR BI-RADS descriptors. Final histopathological diagnosis was considered as the standard of reference. c2 test, t-test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, pairwise comparison of ROC curves, sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. Results: Sixty-six (50.38%) malignant and 65 (59.62%) benign lesions were included in the study. The mean ADC of malignant lesions was 0.870 × 10-3 mm2/s and 1.637 × 10-3 mm2/s (p < 0.0001) for benign lesions. Sensitivity and specificity for DWI were 95.45% and 90.76%, respectively, and for DCE-MRI they were 96.97% and 87.69%, respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were obtained at 91.30% and 95.16%, respectively, in DWI while in DCE-MRI they were 88.88% and 96.61%, respectively. The AUC for ADC was 0.979. In ROC comparison of AUC for DWI 0.931 and for DCE-MRI 0.923, the difference between the areas was 0.00781 (p = 0.782). Conclusions: High-resolution DWI is a non-contrast MRI technique, which improves the lesion detection with diagnostic performance comparable to DCE-MRI and has potential as an adjunct with screening mammography

Rehashing of Domestic Wastewater: Installation & Treatment

This project is on “Rehashing of domestic Wastewater in The Campus of Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus, Bichpuri (AGRA)”aim to treat the domestic waste-water and it is useful for domestic as well as irrigation purpose and most important thing that after a little applying RO system, the treated water may be useful for drinking purpose. An estimated 35 liters per second for 8 hours/day sewage is generated in the campus of college from various sources in the campus such as from college cafeteria, mess kitchens, bathrooms, effluent water from septic-tanks of hostels and water from water booths of college. The domestic wastewater contains very much impure substance as well as biological, physical and chemical which affect the water properties not suitable for and also not useful for environment. So to remove or to treat we have to treat so much tests of domestic wastewater of college campus so that it may be capable for laundry purpose, irrigation purpose as well as for drinking purpose.The DIFFERENT TESTS AS:- pH value, hardness, turbidity, chloride, salt and total dissolved solids and dissolved solids, Biological Oxygen Demand, etc. in the wastewater which are mostly present in water by taking different samples of different places of college campus

Design of a Flexible Mote -Fleximote

Abstract Mote is a low-cost battery-powered sensor network node that integrates the multiple sensors, onboard processing and wireless communication General Terms Wireless Sensor Actor Networks, Flexible Architecture, Mote design, Processing needs

Extensive heterotopic ossification in patient with tubercular meningitis

Tubercular meningitis is a severe form of central nervous system tuberculosis with high morbidity and mortality. Apart from neurological deficits, musculoskeletal involvement is also seen in very few cases in the form of heterotopic ossification around immobile joints. A 35-year-old male case of tubercular meningitis with left hemiparesis presented with multiple joint restriction of range of motion. On clinical examination, palpable firm masses around multiple joints with painful restriction of movements were seen. X-ray films of multiple joints revealed heterotopic ossification over left shoulder, hip and knee joint with bony ankylosis of left hip and soft tissue contractures. Very few reports have been published in the literature for association of heterotopic ossification with tubercular meningitis with such extensive joint involvement which compels us to report this clinical association of tubercular meningitis. This report is intended to create caution among physicians and other caregivers for this debilitating complication of tubercular meningitis and in face of high prevalence of tuberculosis and tubercular meningitis, employ methods to prevent and treat

A comparative study of leaves extracts for corrosion inhibition effect on aluminium alloy in alkaline medium

This paper deals with the comparative inhibition study of some plants leaves extract namely Cannabis sativa (CS), Rauwolfia serpentina (RS), Cymbopogon citratus (CC), Annona squamosa (AS) and Adhatoda vasica (AV) on the corrosion of aluminium alloy (AA) in 1 M NaOH. The corrosion tests were performance by using gravimetric, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization and linear polarization resistance (LPR) techniques. RS showed maximum inhibition efficiency (η%), 97% at 0.2 g L−1. Potentiodynamic polarization curves justified that all the inhibitors are mixed-type. Surface morphology of AA is carried by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)

Advance cataloguing method for breast cancer detection

This Data mining is a technique for extracting useful information from large amounts of data. In large databases, enormous patterns may be examined and evaluated utilizing statistics and artificial intelligence. Data mining can be used to anticipate future trends or uncover hidden patterns. Classification, clustering, association rules, regression, and outlier identification are examples of data mining techniques. The data mining technology is receiving a lot of traction in the healthcare industry. In the discipline of bioinformatics, several researchers are using data mining techniques. Bioinformatics is the science of storing, retrieving, organizing, interpreting, and exploiting data from biological sequences and molecules. A prediction is a statement regarding a future event based on the current condition. The major intend of this work is to predict the microarray cancer using machine learning (ML) algorithms. Different phases are comprised in the prediction of microarray cancer. This research makes the implementation of voting-based classification algorithm. The suggested algorithm assists in optimizing the performance up to 2% while predicting the microarray cancer

Application of Some Condensed Uracils as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel: Gravimetric, Electrochemical, Surface Morphological, UV–Visible, and Theoretical Investigations

Gravimetric, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarization resistance (LPR), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) studies were carried out to investigate the comparative corrosion protection efficiency of four condensed uracils (CUs) on mild steel in 1 M HCl. EIS plots indicated that the addition of inhibitors increases the charge-transfer resistance (<i>R</i>_ct), decreases the double-layer capacitance (<i>C</i>_dl) of the corrosion process, and hence increases inhibition performance. Moreover, the thermodynamic activation parameters for the corrosion reaction were calculated and discussed in relation to the stability of the protective inhibitor layer. The morphology of the surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the surface composition was evaluated using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to verify the presence of inhibitor on the mild steel surface. Quantum chemical study suggests that the heterocyclic rings in these compounds are structurally essential for the protection of the mild steel surface

Pulmonary Function Improves in Persons with Paraplegia after Partial Body Weight Supported Treadmill Training: a Prospective Randomized Study

Objectives: To evaluate changes in Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) parameters in individuals with paraplegia following Partial Body Weight Supported Treadmill Training (PBWSTT). Design: Randomized controlled trial Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation facility Participants: Adults with chronic SCI (n = 42). Intervention: Patients were randomly allocated in CR group (N= 20) receiving Conventional Rehabilitation or in PBWSTT group (N=22) receiving both Conventional Rehabilitation and PBWSTT for 4 weeks. Main outcome measure(s): Changes in % predicted PFT parameter for the subject’s age, sex and BMI. Results: With PBWSTT, significant PFT changes were VC (P =.009), PEF (p = .001) and ERV (p = .032). In complete SCI, PEF (p = .026) improved, while in incomplete SCI VC (p = .005), ERV (p = .029), PEF( p = .001) improved with PBWSTT. In upper neurological level of injury (NLI) (T6-T11), PBWSTT improved PEF (p = .004) alone while in lower NLI (T12-L2), with PBWSTT both ERV (p = .016) and PEF (p = .035) improved. Conclusions: With added PBWSTT most parameters including Vital Capacity, the global measure of PFT, improved significantly, especially in Lower NLI and incomplete SCI. The positive role of this noninvasive exercise based intervention in improving lung functions comes as an added benefit to the usual benefit of locomotion. This may encourage researchers to design future larger studies to validate it aiming the inclusion of PBWSTT in routine SCI rehabilitation protocols