In vivo antioxidant assessment of two antimalarial plants-Allamamda cathartica and Bixa orellana

Objective: To determine the free radical scavenging potentials pytochemical ethanol leaves extracts of Allamanda cathartica (A. cathartica) and Bixa orellana ( Bc.o onrsetliltaunean)t sa nodf tahdums itnhiestier reefdfe actt s5 0in m agn/tmimLa, l1a0r0ia ml agc/mtivLi taiensd. M200e tmhgo/dmsL: Btoo tAh lbetihnaon roalt se xatnradc ttheden p aladnmt isnaimstperleesd wweitrhe CwCitlh4 at 1 mL/kg body weight, in liquid paraffin (1:1, v/v) for 2 days (negative control) and compared reacti5v%e Tsuwbesetna n8c0e s(p lacebo) and vitamin E (positive control) pretreatments. Thiobarbituric acid tissues were assessed(T. BRAeRsSu)l,t sg:l utathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activities in blood and liver decreased In CCl4 treated rats, TBARS levels significantly increased, while and GSH and CAT levels were recorded for both plant extracts. Generally, higher TBARS for GSH values were recorded for blood than for liver homogenates; with reverse trend observed leveClsA Ts imleivlealr. tIon ctroecaospehde crooln centrations of A. cathartica extract recorded significant antioxidant for both species; alkaloids i(nvi tAa.m ciant hEa).r tRicead uacnidn gt esrupgeanros,i dssa pino nBin. so, rfellalvaonnao.i dCso wnecrleu srieocnosr:d eAd. cathartica, possess phytochemicals that recorded significant antioxidative defense activities for brelosuodlt sa.n

Phytochemical and Proximate Analysis of Foliage and Seed of Bixa orellana Linn

The phytochemical and proximate evaluation of the foliage and seed of Bixa orellana for useful bioactive contents was determined in this study. Phytochemicals and crude contents profiles from aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the plant showed tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, phenols and saponins. Quantitatively, 21.89 g, flavonoids; 31.86 g, glycosides; 11.11 tannins; 121.89 phenols was recorded for the leaf and 8.86 g, flavonoids; 93.22 g, glycosides; 44.79 tannins; 82.99 phenols and 10.11 g, saponins for seed. Proximate analysis showed 6.13±0.05 %, moisture; 4.5±0.36 %, ash; 10.40±0.25 %, crude fats; 52.80±0.5 %, crude fibre; 4.24±0.02 %, protein and 21.85±0.00 % carbohydrate for leaf and 4.89±0.19 %, moisture; 5.62±0.12 %, ash; 7.20±0.07 % , crude fats; 53.31±0.07 %, crude fibre; 12.55±0.28 %, protein and 16.26±0.39 %, carbohydrate content for seed. The high amount of phenolic compounds recorded indicates that Bixa orellana possess high antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and antimalarial potentials. The leaves showed significantly higher moisture, flavonoids, phenols and saponins content; hence to ensure sustainable management of the plant resources, the leaves should be the primary target of any phytochemicals extraction activities for B. orellana