Radial solitons in armchair carbon nanotubes

Radial solitons are investigated in armchair carbon nanotubes using a generalized Lennard-Jones potential. The radial solitons are found in terms of moving kink defects whose velocity obeys a dispersion relation. Effects of lattice discreteness on the shape of kink defects are examined by estimating the Peierls stress. Results suggest that the typical size for an unpinned kink phase is of the order of a lattice spacing.Comment: 11 pages, 3(eps) figure

Assessment of different inoculants of Bradyrhizobium joponicum on nodulation, potential N2 fixation and yield performance of soybean (Glycine max

1 SUMMARY To identify the most efficient bradyrhizobium strain for promoting soybean performance, a study was conducted in a growth chamber to assess five different inoculants and N fertilization. Soybean (Glycine max cv. Jutro) was subjected to inoculation with five bradyrhizobium strains viz DSM 1755, DSM 30131, DSM 1982, the multistrain DSM-MIX, a commercial peat inoculant, and to fertilization at 50 mg N kg -1 soil with Ca(N0 3 ) 2 , in a completely randomized design with four replicates. At 81 days after sowing, soybean was harvested and assessed for its yield, and N 2 fixation determined by N-difference method using wheat as reference crop. Dry matter, N and grain yield, nodulation and N 2 fixation in N-fertilized soybean were lowest compared to any bradyrhizobium inoculations although these latter differed. The commercial peat inoculant performed significantly better than N fertilization with 20% and 260% increase in the rate and amount of N 2 fixed respectively. Bradyrhizobium strains DSM 1755, DSM-MIX, and DSM 30131 are preferable to the commercial inoculant. Fertilization with 50 mg N kg -1 soil was deleterious to soybean, while combining 10 mg N kg -1 soil as N starter and bradyrhizobium strain inoculation significantly improved its yields, nodulation et N 2 fixation. This practice deserves recommendation for soybean growing