Preventive and Therapeutic Effect of Metformin in Head and Neck Cancer: A Concise Review.

peer reviewed[en] BACKGROUND: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a complex affection. Nowadays, conventional treatments are associated with many side effects, reducing the patient's quality of life. Recent studies suggest that metformin, a first-line treatment for diabetes, could decrease cancer incidence and improve cancer-related survival rates. METHODS: This systematic review summarizes important data from studies evaluating metformin's contribution to preventing and treating HNC. RESULTS: The results suggest a protective effect of metformin in HNC. However, no consensus has been found on its therapeutic effects. Metformin seems to confer an improved cancer-related survival rate in a diabetic population, but compared to a non-diabetic population, the review could not identify any advantages. Nevertheless, no studies presented a negative impact. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the results of this systematic review suggest that HNC patients may benefit from metformin. Indeed, it would reduce the HNC incidence. However, more studies are required to evaluate the effect on cancer-related survival rates

European Lung Cancer Working Party Clinical Practice Guidelines Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: II. Unresectable Non-metastatic Stages

The present guidelines on the management of unresectable non-metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were formulated by the ELCWP in October 2005. They are designed to answer the following eight questions: 1) Is chest irradiation curative for NSCLC? 2) What are the contra-indications (anatomical or functional) to chest irradiation? 3) Does the addition of chemotherapy add an advantage to radiotherapy? 4) Does the addition of radiotherapy add an advantage to chemotherapy? 5) Is irradiation as effective as surgery for marginally resectable stage III? 6) How to best combine chemotherapy with radiotherapy: sequentially, concomitantly, as consolidation, as induction, as radiosensitiser? 7) In case of too advanced locoregional disease, is there a role for consolidation (salvage) local treatment (surgery or radiotherapy) after induction chemotherapy? 8) In 2005, what are the technical characteristics of an adequate radiotherapy

Les cancers de la gorge

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Interactions between clinicoanatomopathological factors and expression of glutathione-associated enzyme in head and neck cancers

Table of contents : Chapter I : General Introduction 1. Epidemiology 9 2. Risk factors 10 3. Symptoms of HNSCC 11 4. Work-up 11 5. Staging 12 6. Treatment principles 13 7. Existing prognostic factors 14 7.1 Factors related to the primary tumor 15 7.1.1. Tumor dimensions 15 7.1.2. Margin status 15 7.1.3. Malignancy grading 15 7.1.4. Perineural invasion 16 7.1.5. Vascular invasion 16 7.2 Factors related to the cervical lymph nodes 17 7.2.1. Number of positive lymph nodes 17 7.2.2. Extracapsular extension 17 7.2.3. Node location 17 7.2.4. Node size 18 7.3 Molecular prognostic factors 18 7.3.1 P53 18 7.3.2. Angiogenesis- related markers 19 7.3.3. Cyclin D1 19 7.3.4. Epidermal Growth factor receptor and 19 transforming Growth factor alpha 7.3.5. Loss of heterozygosity 20 7.3.6. DNA ploidy 20 8. Oxidative stress and head and neck cancers 20 8.1 Glutathione 22 8.2 Glutathione peroxidase 1 24 9. References 27 Chapter II : Objectives A.Study population treated by surgery 38 1.Quantification of glutathione (GSH) within tumors 38 2.Evaluation of the expression of the rate limiting enzyme of GSH 39 synthesis in carcinoma compared to adjacent mucosa and GCLM expression at the protein level 3.Clinical and prognostic role of the ratio (GSSG/GSH) in tumors 40 B.Study population treated by (chemo)radiotherapy 40 Chapter III : Results 1. Quantification of glutathione (GSH) within tumors 41 2. Evaluation of the expression of the rate limiting enzyme of GSH synthesis in carcinoma compared to adjacent mucosa and increase of GCLM expression 56 3. Clinical and prognostic role of the ratio (GSSG/GSH) in tumors 67 4. Effect of oxidative stress expressed by glutathione associated 83 enzyme GPx1 on the (chemo)radiotherapy response in HNSCC. Chapter IV : General conclusion and future perspectives 105 Chapter V : References 113 Chapter VI : Summary 119 Chapter VII : Samenvatting 123 Chapter VIII : Curriculum vitae 127 Chapter IX : Dankwoord 141 Table of contents : Chapter I : General Introduction 1. Epidemiology 9 2. Risk factors 10 3. Symptoms of HNSCC 11 4. Work-up 11 5. Staging 12 6. Treatment principles 13 7. Existing prognostic factors 14 7.1 Factors related to the primary tumor 15 7.1.1. Tumor dimensions 15 7.1.2. Margin status 15 7.1.3. Malignancy grading 15 7.1.4. Perineural invasion 16 7.1.5. Vascular invasion 16 7.2 Factors related to the cervical lymph nodes 17 7.2.1. Number of positive lymph nodes 17 7.2.2. Extracapsular extension 17 7.2.3. Node location 17 7.2.4. Node size 18 7.3 Molecular prognostic factors 18 7.3.1 P53 18 7.3.2. Angiogenesis- related markers 19 7.3.3. Cyclin D1 19 7.3.4. Epidermal Growth factor receptor and 19 transforming Growth factor alpha 7.3.5. Loss of heterozygosity 20 7.3.6. DNA ploidy 20 8. Oxidative stress and head and neck cancers 20 8.1 Glutathione 22 8.2 Glutathione peroxidase 1 24 9. References 27 Chapter II : Objectives A.Study population treated by surgery 38 1.Quantification of glutathione (GSH) within tumors 38 2.Evaluation of the expression of the rate limiting enzyme of GSH 39 synthesis in carcinoma compared to adjacent mucosa and GCLM expression at the protein level 3.Clinical and prognostic role of the ratio (GSSG/GSH) in tumors 40 B.Study population treated by (chemo)radiotherapy 40 Chapter III : Results 1. Quantification of glutathione (GSH) within tumors 41 2. Evaluation of the expression of the rate limiting enzyme of GSH synthesis in carcinoma compared to adjacent mucosa and increase of GCLM expression 56 3. Clinical and prognostic role of the ratio (GSSG/GSH) in tumors 67 4. Effect of oxidative stress expressed by glutathione associated 83 enzyme GPx1 on the (chemo)radiotherapy response in HNSCC. Chapter IV : General conclusion and future perspectives 105 Chapter V : References 113 Chapter VI : Summary 119 Chapter VII : Samenvatting 123 Chapter VIII : Curriculum vitae 127 Chapter IX : Dankwoord 141nrpages: 147status: publishe

Characteristics of Patients with Upstaging by Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy of the N0 Neck in Head and Neck Cancer

Introduction: To investigate the possible role of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) to upstage the N0 neck in patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Patients with T1-T2 oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma accessible to injection and staged N0 into the neck by palaption and CTscan were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent regular follow-up to identify possible recurrence. Results: A sentine lymph node biopsy was performed by 21 consecutive patients. 4 of the 21 patients were upstaged by SNLB. There was a mean follow-u

Tumeurs desmoïdes.

Desmoid tumor can be defined as a pseudoencapsulated infiltrative growth of well-differentiated collagenous fibroblasts and fibrocytes arising either in fascia or musculoaponeurotic structures. The etiology of desmoid tumors is poorly defined. The most commonly implicated etiologic factors are trauma, hormonal disturbances, and genetic or hereditary factors. Desmoid tumors of the anterior abdominal wall are much less common than extra-abdominal desmoids; they may occur at any age but are most common in the third and fourth decades. Although both sexes may be affected, abdominal desmoids predominate in females, particularly in females of childbearing age. Extra-abdominal desmoids, which most commonly occur on the back, chest wall, head and neck, or lower extremity, have a male predominance. Most patients complain of a painless mass of several months or years' duration. The primary consideration in surgical treatment of desmoid tumors should be the prevention of local recurrence. In most instances, this can be achieved by wide local excision or muscle group resection. There is no clear evidence that irradiation or chemotherapy are effective in controlling desmoid tumors.SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Cas clinique: Convulsions après administration d'indométacine

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe