Medicina fetal : diagnóstico pré-natal

Os autores apresentam uma revisão sobre a prática do diagnóstico pré-natal na medicina fetal hoje. Os métodos mais utilizados para o diagnóstico citogenético pré-natal, como a amniocentese, a coleta de vilosidades coriais e a amostragem de sangue fetal, são descritos e analisados quanto a su·a eficácia e segurança para a gestante. São apresentadas também as novas abordagens utilizadas nesta área com objetivos· diagnósticos e terapêuticos. A questão da triagem de populações para defeitos congênitos é discutida e problemas relativos aos custos; à utilidade e à ética no emprego desta tecnologia em nosso meio são levantados.The authors present a review on fetal medicine as it is practiced nowadays. The means utilized for prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis, as amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling and fetal blood sampling, are described and analyzed in terms of their efficacy and safety for pregnant women. New approaches used in this area with diagnostic and therapeutic purposes are presented. The screening of populations for birth defects is discussed and issues as costs, utility and ethics on employing this technology in our country are commented

A avaliação do risco de parto prematuro através da medida do colo uterino por ultrassonografia transvaginal

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Avaliação da medida translucência nucal em gestantes de risco

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Avaliação ultra-sonográfica do colo uterino entre 22 e 24 semanas de gestação : correlações com características demográficas e com a história obstétrica

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Avaliação das artérias uterinas com ecografia Doppler para o rastreamento da pré-eclâmpsia, retardo do crescimento intra-uterino e mecônio

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Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

BACKGROUND: Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, or a subset of cases of congenital, neonatal, and infectious conditions that cause neurological damage. Here, we estimate nervous system health loss caused by 37 unique conditions and their associated risk factors globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021. METHODS: We estimated mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), by age and sex in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2021. We included morbidity and deaths due to neurological conditions, for which health loss is directly due to damage to the CNS or peripheral nervous system. We also isolated neurological health loss from conditions for which nervous system morbidity is a consequence, but not the primary feature, including a subset of congenital conditions (ie, chromosomal anomalies and congenital birth defects), neonatal conditions (ie, jaundice, preterm birth, and sepsis), infectious diseases (ie, COVID-19, cystic echinococcosis, malaria, syphilis, and Zika virus disease), and diabetic neuropathy. By conducting a sequela-level analysis of the health outcomes for these conditions, only cases where nervous system damage occurred were included, and YLDs were recalculated to isolate the non-fatal burden directly attributable to nervous system health loss. A comorbidity correction was used to calculate total prevalence of all conditions that affect the nervous system combined. FINDINGS: Globally, the 37 conditions affecting the nervous system were collectively ranked as the leading group cause of DALYs in 2021 (443 million, 95% UI 378–521), affecting 3·40 billion (3·20–3·62) individuals (43·1%, 40·5–45·9 of the global population); global DALY counts attributed to these conditions increased by 18·2% (8·7–26·7) between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardised rates of deaths per 100 000 people attributed to these conditions decreased from 1990 to 2021 by 33·6% (27·6–38·8), and age-standardised rates of DALYs attributed to these conditions decreased by 27·0% (21·5–32·4). Age-standardised prevalence was almost stable, with a change of 1·5% (0·7–2·4). The ten conditions with the highest age-standardised DALYs in 2021 were stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, neurological complications due to preterm birth, autism spectrum disorder, and nervous system cancer. INTERPRETATION: As the leading cause of overall disease burden in the world, with increasing global DALY counts, effective prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies for disorders affecting the nervous system are needed

Measurement of associated W plus charm production in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

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