As Simple as Black and White: The Presence of Racial Diversity in Simulation Product Advertisements

This study examined 2,035 body parts and 395 full-sized manikins within simulation catalogues/brochures distributed at an international simulation conference. This study employed a quantitative, descriptive design. Ninety-four percent of the body parts displayed were White and 6% were Black. Of the manikins, 94% were White and 6% were Black, a disproportionate representation of the population. We recommend changing policy in simulation to require diversity as a standard to influence manufacturers and educators to provide inclusive learning environments. •Only 6% of the body parts and manikins displayed were Black.•Increasing the presence of racial diversity in simulation is warranted.•Changing simulation standards will facilitate more inclusive learning environments

Professionalism in Pre-licensure Nursing Education: Core Values, Didactic Coursework and Clinical Training

Aim To discuss professionalism for pre-licensure nursing students and identify recommendations for inclusion in core values, didactic coursework and clinical training. Background Professionalism is part of the nursing identity that encompasses integrity and honesty. This concept has been difficult to translate into formal education in nursing programs and clinical practice. Design A discursive paper. Data Sources A search of national literature without date restrictions in PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar and frameworks for nursing education. We explored principles of professionalism in nursing education and practice. Discussion Evidence-based literature supports the integration of core values of altruism, autonomy, human dignity, integrity, honesty and social justice into didactic curricula, and clinical training. Principles of professionalism can be incorporated intentionally in nursing education to maintain patient safety and trust. Conclusion The principles of professionalism, related to core values of the nursing profession, are abundantly described in the literature. However, these principles represent core values that have not been formally conceptualized. With the changing landscape of healthcare, there is a need for deliberate, measurable integration of professionalism into pre-licensure education. Patient or Public Contribution There was no patient or public involvement in the design or drafting of this discursive paper

Evaluation of an Intervention to Improve Clinical Nurse Educators' Knowledge, Perceived Skills, and Confidence Related to Diversity

This article describes the evaluation of a diversity-related video and its impact on clinical nurse educators. Our evaluation suggests that educators' knowledge, perceived skills, and confidence in creating a diversity-friendly learning environment were positively affected. Their awareness of their own biases did not improve significantly, thus suggesting the need for continued emphasis on self-assessment. The video was considered relevant and was supported by most educators, suggesting that similar videos may be an acceptable strategy for engaging them in diversity-related issues

Cultural Humility Toolkit

BACKGROUNDDiversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) are increasingly recognized as core values for nursing education and practice. PURPOSEThe purpose of this article is to offer teaching tools and strategies to integrate cultural humility within the nursing curriculum and create a more inclusive learning environment. APPROACHVarious teaching tools, methods, and strategies are presented. OUTCOMESUse of ground rules, an environmental assessment, examination of the curriculum landscape and teaching materials, bias awareness activity, modified privilege walk, Modified Monopoly, simulation, low-income community experiences, study abroad, debriefing, and evaluation with valid and reliable tools are suggested. CONCLUSIONSBy threading cultural humility concepts throughout the curriculum, nurse educators have the potential to shape learner perspectives to better appreciate and value diversity

Hand hygiene practices in Caribbean and Latin American countries: An integrative review

Aim and objective To explore what is known about knowledge, attitudes and beliefs that influence hand hygiene practices in in low- and middle-income Caribbean and Latin American countries. Background With the emergence of infectious diseases such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic, handwashing is key to preventing communicable diseases as they disproportionately affect populations in low-income countries. While hand hygiene is known to be the single most effective method for avoiding the transmission of infection, little is known about the beliefs and practices of individuals in these regions. Methods Following PRISMA 2020 Checklist, an integrative review of studies published from 2008-2020 was conducted (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses). Whittemore and Knafl's method was used to review the literature. Six databases were searched, and the Johns Hopkins Evidence Based Rating Scale was used for study appraisal. Results The review yielded 18 studies conducted across Latin America. Poor handwashing practices are influenced by various factors including inadequate education and training, cultural beliefs, lack of resources and substandard government regulations. Communicable diseases and other diarrheal illnesses were highly prevalent, especially after a major disease outbreak. Conclusion Future post-disaster campaigns aimed at improving hand hygiene and handwashing practices should focus on beliefs and attitudes to affect behaviour change since there was a higher disease susceptibility during those times. Barriers to proper hand hygiene include false attitudes such as, washing hands only after touching bodily fluids/patient contact or not washing hands at all after open defecation. Relevance to clinical practice Researchers working with populations in Latin America and the Caribbean should partner with local community health workers to improve compliance to recommended hand hygiene practices

Cultural Competency and Cultural Humility in Simulation-Based Education: An Integrative Review

Cultural humility is endorsed; yet, the state of the science of cultural humility in simulation-based education is unknown. The aim of this integrative review is to provide what is known about cultural competence and cultural humility in simulation-based education to base future efforts in education, research, and policy. Sixteen studies were reviewed and appraised in this integrative review. Four themes of learning outcomes from simulation emerged from the studies: (a) cultural sensitivity and cultural competence, (b) insight and understanding, (c) communication, and (d) confidence and comfort. There were no studies that mentioned cultural humility. Cultural humility in simulation-based education is lacking, signifying a need for educational reform and research. •Examination of educational practices is warranted to improve care of diverse populations.•Not one study was located that described the use of simulation to teach cultural humility.•Diverse simulation curricula with cultural humility training are recommended.•Adding cultural humility as a standard will serve as the impetus to transform simulation environments globally

Hypertension among adults living in Haiti: An integrative review

Aims and objectives To determine what is known about hypertension among adults living in Haiti. Background Hypertension is the leading cause of morbidity, the identified cause of heart failure in 45% of patients and is associated with more than 70% of cardiovascular disease‐related hospital admissions in Haiti. Design An integrative review of the literature. Methods Searching four databases from 2007 to 2018, Whittemore and Knafl's method was used to review the literature. Three nurse researchers independently reviewed and appraised each publication applying the Johns Hopkins Evidence‐based Practice Appraisal tool. Results Eight publications were identified and appraised for level and quality of evidence. The synthesis of the literature yielded common themes of (i) high prevalence of hypertension among adults living in rural areas, (ii) public health challenges, (iii) lack of knowledge and awareness of hypertension and (iv) barriers to effective treatment. Conclusion Hypertension is a highly prevalent disease in Haiti that is understudied and warrants attention. To better serve this vulnerable population, culturally tailored prevention strategies and disease management programmes are recommended. Relevance to clinical practice There is a lack of quality evidence to guide nurses in the management of hypertension for this vulnerable population. Identification of barriers to effective treatment among this underserved population will assist nurses and other healthcare professionals in identifying best possible practices for patient care in clinical settings across Haiti