Proterozoic evolution of the Zuni Mountains, New Mexico: Peridotites, granites, rhyolites, shear zones, and a reactivation history through the present

The Zuni Mountains of western New Mexico offer a rare view into the Precambrian basement of both the Jemez Lineament and the Colorado Plateau. Proterozoic rocks of the Zuni Mountains are dominantly metaigneous and can be divided into three suites: 1) peridotite that is either a crustal cumulate or an exotic slice of mantle, 2) tonalite/granodiorite with mafic enclaves, 3) quartz monzonite and rhyolite that represent shallow-level magmatism at ca. 1.65 Ga. The peridotite exists in an elongate lens and several discrete pods that were metamorphosed and hydrothermally altered to the assemblage serpentine – hornblende – chlorite – talc – dolomite – actinolite – spinel. The absence of associated mafic rocks implied tectonic emplacement prior to intrusion by the quartz monzonite, although distance of transport is unconstrained. The 1.65 Ga suite has a calc-alkaline trend and is interpreted to be part of an arc complex. Tectonic emplacement of the peridotite, arc magmatism, and the intrusion of arc-related 1.65 granites and rhyolites were followed by a younger shearing event. A 10 km long shear zone trends WNW, dips 60 degrees south and has a SW-plunging mineral elongation lineation. Shear sense is extensional (top-to-the-SW), typically with a dextral component. Microstructural data and mineral assemblages suggest that shearing occurred at temperatures between 400 and 500 degrees Celcius. Timing of movement of the shear zone is estimated to be 1440 Ma based on Ar/Ar geochronologic data. An unfoliated, megacrystic granite (likely 1.4 Ga) intrudes this package and is bordered by diabase dikes along NW-trending faults. The diabase yields an Ar/Ar whole rock age of 1100 Ma, which is interpreted to be the time of emplacement. Syenites that were previously thought to be Cambrian are at least 1100 Ma. Fluorspar veins (age unknown) are also present. The area was a NW-tending uplift during the Ancestral Rockies Orogeny and during the Laramide Orogeny, indicating long-term Phanerozoic buoyancy. Cenozoic volcanism produced the Mt. Taylor volcanics and the Zuni-Bandera basaltic fields. Both belong to the NE-trending Jemez Lineament that is underlain by low velocity, presumably hot mantle. Documentation of the Zuni Mountain\u27s history may lead to better understanding of long-lived lithospheric-scale structures and their influence on igneous and tectonic activity. A tentative conclusion is that the igneous activity that took place at 1.4 Ga (?) and during the Cenozoic was controlled by a NE-trending structural grain that is interpreted to be a deeply rooted lithospheric anisotropy. This NE-trend is not well expressed in the upper crust; 1.65/1.4 Ga foliation patterns are NW and NE-trending, 1.1 Ga faults, diabase dikes, and Paleozoic uplifts were NW-trending, and Cenozoic volcanism was NE-trending

Work-related and personal factors associated with mental well-being during the COVID-19 response: Survey of health care and other workers

BACKGROUND: The response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has created an unprecedented disruption in work conditions. This study describes the mental health and well-being of workers both with and without clinical exposure to patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression, work exhaustion, burnout, and decreased well-being among faculty and staff at a university and academic medical center during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and describe work-related and personal factors associated with their mental health and well-being. METHODS: All faculty, staff, and postdoctoral fellows of a university, including its medical school, were invited in April 2020 to complete an online questionnaire measuring stress, anxiety, depression, work exhaustion, burnout, and decreased well-being. We examined associations between these outcomes and factors including work in high-risk clinical settings and family/home stressors. RESULTS: There were 5550 respondents (overall response rate of 34.3%). Overall, 34% of faculty and 14% of staff (n=915) were providing clinical care, while 61% of faculty and 77% of staff were working from home. Among all workers, anxiety (prevalence ratio 1.37, 95% CI 1.09-1.73), depression (prevalence ratio 1.28, 95% CI 1.03-1.59), and high work exhaustion (prevalence ratio 1.24, 95% CI 1.13-1.36) were independently associated with community or clinical exposure to COVID-19. Poor family-supportive behaviors by supervisors were also associated with these outcomes (prevalence ratio 1.40, 95% CI 1.21-1.62; prevalence ratio 1.69, 95% CI 1.48-1.92; and prevalence ratio 1.54, 95% CI 1.44-1.64, respectively). Age \u3c40 years and a greater number of family/home stressors were also associated with these poorer outcomes. Among the subset of clinicians, caring for patients with COVID-19 and working in high-risk clinical settings were additional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the pandemic has had negative effects on the mental health and well-being of both clinical and nonclinical employees. Mitigating exposure to COVID-19 and increasing supervisor support are modifiable risk factors that may protect mental health and well-being for all workers

Microbes as engines of ecosystem function : When does community structure enhance predictions of ecosystem processes?

FUNDING This work was supported by NSF grant DEB-1221215 to DN, as well as grants supporting the generation of our datasets as acknowledged in their original publications and in Supplementary Table S1. ACKNOWLEDGMENT We thank the USGS Powell Center ‘Next Generation Microbes’ working group, anonymous reviews, Brett Melbourne, and Alan Townsend for valuable feedback on this project.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Reassessing what we call music : investigating undergraduate music student response to avant-garde music of the 1960s-early 70s through performing Annea Lockwood's "Piano Burning"

The chapter discusses the preparation and performance of “Piano Burning” through a dialogue between an undergraduate music student (Strickland) and a teaching music academic (Blom). It focuses on issues that emerge from the practice and from the literature about the work to seek an understanding of what the piece can offer students educationally in relation to what we call music. Like Christopher Small (1998), writing in reference to a symphony concert, we will attempt “to tease out the complex texture of meaning that a musical performance – any musical performance, anywhere, at any time – generates … to enrich our experience of it” (14). The chapter begins with discussion of the background of “Piano Burning” and its context in the 1960s, the role of the performer and the audience, the text score and issues of authenticity. It responds to the following question – what is the educational merit of introducing first year university music students to performing “Piano Burning” by Annea Lockwood

Governmental Fiduciary Failure in Indigenous Environmental Health Justice: The Case of Pictou Landing First Nation

From 1967 until 2020, [Community] has had 85 million litres of pulp and paper mill effluent dumped every day into an estuary that borders the community. Despite long-term concerns about cancer in the community, a federal government appointed Joint Environmental Health Monitoring Committee, mandated to oversee the health of the community, has never addressed [Community] concerns. In this study we accessed the 2013 Canadian Cancer Registry microfile data, and using the standard geographical classification code, accessed the cancer data for [Community], and provided comparable data for all Nova Scotia First Nations, as well as the county, provincial, and national population level data. We determined that digestive organ cancers, respiratory organ cancers, male genital organ cancers, and urinary tract cancers are higher in [Community] than at all comparable levels. Female breast and genital organ cancers are lowest in [Community] than at all other comparable levels. We note the limitation of this study as not being able to capture cancer data for off-reserve members at the time of diagnosis and the lapse in availability of up-to-date CCR data. This study demonstrates that cancer data can be compiled for First Nation communities using the standard geographic code, and although not a comprehensive count of all diagnoses for the registered members of [Community], it is the first study to provide data for those who lived in [Community] at the time of diagnosis. Moreover, it highlights the lack of capacity (or will) by Joint Environmental Health Monitoring Committee to uphold their fiduciary duty

Capacity Building for Health Through Community‐Based Participatory Nutrition Intervention Research in Rural Communities

Since its inception, capacity building has been a stated goal of the Delta Nutrition Intervention Research Initiative, a tri-state collaboration in the Lower Mississippi Delta to address high rates of chronic disease. Textual analysis of project documents identifies and describes strategies carried out to foster capacity building. Strategies to build community capacity include fostering participation, cultivating leadership opportunities, training community members as co-researchers, securing community resources, and implementing the intervention together. Incorporating capacity-building approaches in health promotion and nutrition-intervention programming in rural communities provides a means to enhance potential for sustainability of health outcomes and developed effectiveness

Capacity Building for Health Through Community-Based Participatory Nutrition Intervention Research in Rural Communities

Since its inception, capacity building has been a stated goal of the Delta Nutrition Intervention Research Initiative, a tri-state collaboration in the Lower Mississippi Delta to address high rates of chronic disease. Textual analysis of project documents identifies and describes strategies carried out to foster capacity building. Strategies to build community capacity include fostering participation, cultivating leadership opportunities, training community members as co-researchers, securing community resources, and implementing the intervention together. Incorporating capacity-building approaches in health promotion and nutrition-intervention programming in rural communities provides a means to enhance potential for sustainability of health outcomes and developed effectiveness