Argentina e Chile: mudança de paradigma? Argentina and Chile: paradigm shift?

O presente artigo identifica que, nos últimos anos, houve um relevante aumento no grau de cooperação alcançado pelos países da América Latina. Não obstante, variáveis dependentes de fatores políticos e institucionais ainda geram obstáculos para uma maior integração. No que tange ao tema de segurança e de defesa, argumenta-se que, em termos gerais, existem paradigmas tradicionais de segurança que impedem a emergência de um novo paradigma de integração. O caso da relação entre o Chile e a Argentina mostra o avanço mais notável em termos de cooperação na área de segurança na América do Sul. Todavia, subsistem inércias institucionais que inibem uma mudança paradigmática.<br>Despite the increasing levels of cooperation within Latin American countries, this article suggests that domestic political and institutional variables affect the options for greater integration within countries. Traditional ways of understanding security among policymakers explain the lack of reforms in this sector. The article provides the example of Argentina and Chile, the most advanced countries within South America in terms of cooperation in the field of security. The authors try to demonstrate that several institutional inertias within each country have preempted these two countries from advancing a paradigmatic shift in their security approaches toward each other

From Chávez to Maduro: Continuity and Change in Venezuelan Foreign Policy

Abstract This article addresses the transition from the presidency of Hugo Chávez to that of Nicolás Maduro, in the light of the effects of the dynamics in domestic politics and the changing international order on the formulation of Venezuela's foreign policy. We start from a central question: how does Maduro's government, amid a less favourable global scenario, face the international commitments made by its predecessor under complex and different domestic conditions? Our central hypothesis is that the historical currents of sociopolitical fragmentation, regional tensions and the energy market, pose difficulties to the continuation of an expansive foreign policy, but in turn act as a stimulus for greater centralisation of power internally, and the politicisation of the foreign policy agenda, in line with the objectives and general trends pursued by the governing party