55 research outputs found
Comparison of risk profile in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with acute coronary syndrome
Background: The physiological changes associated with menopause are responsible for increase in cardiovascular disease after menopause. BMI, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes mellitus increase in post-menopausal women which are all powerful predictors of cardiovascular events. The risk factor profile between pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women presenting with acute coronary syndrome was thus studied.Methods: This study was a prospective cross-sectional hospital based study and was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana wherein 50 pre-menopausal women and 50 post- menopausal women who presented with acute coronary syndrome were enrolled. The risk factor profile and angiography findings amongst the 2 groups were compared.Results: There was no difference in the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension among the pre & post-menopausal groups. The prevalence of family history of cardiovascular disease was higher in the pre-menopausal group. The post-menopausal women showed a significant decrease in physical activity due to sedentary lifestyle. Both the groups had high BMI and increased waist circumference. Lipid parameters did not show any significant difference between the two groups. However, pre-menopausal women had higher LDL-C and triglyceride levels and lower HDL-C levels. On analysis of the angiographic findings in diabetics and non-diabetics, of both the groups diabetes mellitus was much higher in subjects presenting with triple vessel disease suggesting extensive atherosclerosis.Conclusions: study showed physical inactivity as an important cardiovascular risk factor in post-menopausal women. Obesity is an important risk factor for coronary artery disease in both pre- and post-menopausal women
Diagnostic accuracy of a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: An international case-cohort study
We conducted an international study of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnosis among a large group of physicians and compared their diagnostic performance to a panel of IPF experts. A total of 1141 respiratory physicians and 34 IPF experts participated. Participants evaluated 60 cases of interstitial lung disease (ILD) without interdisciplinary consultation. Diagnostic agreement was measured using the weighted kappa coefficient (\u3baw). Prognostic discrimination between IPF and other ILDs was used to validate diagnostic accuracy for first-choice diagnoses of IPF and were compared using the Cindex. A total of 404 physicians completed the study. Agreement for IPF diagnosis was higher among expert physicians (\u3baw=0.65, IQR 0.53-0.72, p20 years of experience (C-index=0.72, IQR 0.0-0.73, p=0.229) and non-university hospital physicians with more than 20 years of experience, attending weekly MDT meetings (C-index=0.72, IQR 0.70-0.72, p=0.052), did not differ significantly (p=0.229 and p=0.052 respectively) from the expert panel (C-index=0.74 IQR 0.72-0.75). Experienced respiratory physicians at university-based institutions diagnose IPF with similar prognostic accuracy to IPF experts. Regular MDT meeting attendance improves the prognostic accuracy of experienced non-university practitioners to levels achieved by IPF experts
Head drop and flaccid weakness in infantile nephrotic syndrome
Dropped head syndrome (DHS) is a relatively rare condition, with a broad differential diagnosis. We report here a case of infantile nephrotic syndrome with DHS caused by severe hypokalemia. Electrocardiogram showed flat T- and U-waves. Multiple factors including recurrent diarrhea, prolonged diuretic and corticosteroid use, hypomagnesemia, poor intake, and malnutrition caused hypokalemia in the case. Head drop and flaccid weakness resolved completely after potassium and magnesium supplementation. Potassium levels should be monitored and corrected promptly in these settings
Clinical Profile and Outcome in Children of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in North India
Objective: The number of dengue fever (DF)/dengue hemorrhagic fever
(DHF) cases reported in India has risen in recent years. This study was
undertaken to evaluate clinical profile and outcome of children
admitted with DHF/dengue shock syndrome (DSS), in the 2006 DHF epidemic
in Ludhiana, Punjab. Methods: Eighty one children with dengue
hemorrhagic fever were hospitalized in the Pediatric Department of
Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India. All patients
were diagnosed, managed and monitored according to a standard protocol.
Findings: Children between 10-15 years were most commonly afflicted
(59%). Infants were the least affected sub-group (3.7%). Ninety two
percent of all children were of DHF and 8% cases presented in DSS. The
common symptoms seen were fever (91%), vomiting (41%), poor intake
(21%), abdominal pain (16%) and significant bleeding (15%).
Hepatomegaly was present in 60% of cases. 85% of cases had petechiae
alone, 15% had evidence of significant bleeding manifestation.
Gastrointestinal bleeding was the commonest observed bleeding. The
complications seen were liver dysfunction (14.8%), coagulopathy (3.7%),
renal dysfunction (3.7%), and acute respiratory distress syndrome
(2.4%) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (1.2%). Mortality in
the study was 3.7%. Refractory shock and coagulopathy were seen in all
cases with poor outcome. Conclusion: Increased awareness, better
transport facilities and case management according to the WHO
guidelines, is needed to further reduce mortality of DHF/DSS cases
Comparative Evaluation Of Methods For Sampling Of Mite Tetranychus cucurbitae
Volume: 86Start Page: 33End Page: 3
Pulmonary Functions in Normal School Children in the Age Group of 6-15 Years in North India
Objective: Lung function tests have become an integral part of
assessment of pulmonary disease. As few studies on pulmonary function
tests have been carried out in young children in India, the study was
carried out in normal urban and rural school children in Ludhiana
district of North India to determine pulmonary functions in the age
group 6-15 years and to find its correlation with regards to age, sex,
height and weight. Methods: The study group included 600 normal
children between 6-15 years age from different urban and rural schools
in the region. A preformed questionnaire was interviewed and detailed
general physical and systemic examination was done. Pulmonary function
tests were measured by using Micromedical Gold standard fully
computerized portable auto spirometer (Superspiro Cat No. SU 6000).
Findings: The present study shows, all the three independent variables
(age, weight and height) have linear positive correlation with lung
function parameters, both for boys and girls. Lung function values in
boys were significantly higher as compared to that of girls. Urban
children had higher lung function parameters than rural children except
IRV, FEF25%. Among all anthropometric parameters, height was the most
independent variable with maximum coefficient of correlation.
Conclusion: Equations derived from the present study for estimation of
the expected values of lung function will help to interpret the
observed lung function values in children of North India
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