Analysis of a design for its quality manufacturability in terms of misalignments and fastener related problems

This study analyzes the relationship between design parameters established at the initial stage of the design process and the manufacturing quality problems that manifest themselves during production. Specifically, we study the relationship between design features and the occurrence of misalignment defects and fastener related problems. This outcome of this work is a methodology, Design for Quality Manufacturability (DFQM). DFQM addresses the likelihood that defects will occur during the manufacture of a product in a standard plant. This is based on the premise that defects in assembled products are often influenced by some features of the design and/or assembly process. These are referred to as \u27Factor Variables\u27 and they catalyze defects in certain combinations by promoting error catalysts. The error catalysts that could cause misalignrnents or fastener related problems are identified and documented. Also, in order that the analysis of functional & positional relationships between various parts and fastener parameters can be effectively utilized in the methodology, matrices are created to represent these relationships and parameters. The error catalysis graphs provide us with numbers representing likelihood of the occurrence of misalignments/fastener related problems which are then analyzed to obtain the QM score for the design

A prospective study of arthroscopic evaluation of patients with chronic shoulder pain

Background: Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint that may be due either to intrinsic disorders of the shoulder or referred pain. In this study, we aimed to find out the sensitivity and specificity of the clinical and radiological methods in diagnosing the chronic shoulder problems and to compare clinical and radiological diagnosis with arthroscopic diagnosis.Methods: After obtaining approval of the institutional ethics committee, we enrolled patients who presented with chronic shoulder pain in the outpatient clinic of Department of Orthopedics, DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai from August 2003 till August 2005. We obtained historical data of each patient in detail and made clinical, radiological and arthroscopic diagnosis. The findings from each diagnostic modality were compared and analysed.Results: During the study period, 34 patients were enrolled in the study. Injury was traumatic in 32% of the patients and 50% of all patients were heavy workers by occupation. Half of all the patients had pain in shoulder for more than 6 months. Clinical diagnosis of biceps tendinitis was made in 44% of patients, but radiological and arthroscopic diagnosis of biceps tendinitis was made in 18% and 12% respectively. Impingement was diagnosed in 29% patients clinically, in 15% patients radiologically and in 21% patients arthroscopically. Rotator cuff injury was diagnosed in 26% patients clinically, in 41% patients radiologically and in 67% patients arthroscopically. Conclusions: Findings from this single centre study suggest that arthroscopy can diagnose and treat conditions causing chronic shoulder pain, which is cost effective as well

Imagerie des anomalies hippocampiques

STRASBOURG-Medecine (674822101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Multidisciplinary management of an unusual case of multiple developmental defects in lateral incisor followed by intrusive injury to primary incisors

Dental traumatic injuries occur frequently in children. The close relationship between the apices of primary teeth and germ of the permanent successors can lead to developmental disturbances in the permanent dentition. Developmental disorder can occur in any tooth. One of the most common teeth affected is lateral incisor. These developmental anomalies can cause various clinical problems. Clinical and radiographic characteristics of these anomalies may sometime present confusing picture. Therefore, recognition of this condition, early diagnosis, and treatment are important to avoid complications. High prevalence of dental trauma in young children emphasizes the need of educational and preventive programs in schools. Dentist plays important role in early diagnosis of disturbances in the permanent successor teeth by rigorous clinical and radiographic follow-up examination

No additional protection against ventriculitis with prolonged systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for patients treated with antibiotic-coated external ventricular drains

OBJECT External ventricular drains (EVDs) are commonly used for CSF diversion but pose a risk of ventriculitis, with rates varying in frequency from 2% to 45%. Results of studies examining the utility of prolonged systemic antibiotic therapy for the prevention of EVD-related infection have been contradictory, and no study to date has examined whether this approach confers additional benefit in preventing ventriculitis when used in conjunction with antibiotic-coated EVDs (ac-EVDs). METHODS A prospective performance analysis was conducted over 4 years to examine the impact of discontinuing systemic antibiotic prophylaxis after insertion of an ac-EVD on rates of catheter-related ventriculitis. Ventriculitis and other nosocomial infections were ascertained by a qualified infection disease nurse using definitions based on published standards from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, comparing the period when patients received systemic antibiotic therapy for the duration of EVD treatment (Period 1) compared with only for the peri-insertion period (Period 2). Costs were analyzed and compared across the 2 time periods. RESULTS Over the 4-year study period, 866 patients were treated with ac-EVDs for a total of 7016 catheter days. There were 8 cases of ventriculitis, for an overall incidence of 0.92%. Rates of ventriculitis did not differ significantly between Period 1 and Period 2 (1.1% vs 0.4%, p = 0.22). The rate of nosocomial infections, however, was significantly higher in Period 1 (2.0% vs 0.0% in Period 2, p = 0.026). Cost savings of $162,516 were realized in Period 2 due to decreased drug costs and savings associated with the reduction in nosocomial infections. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged systemic antibiotic therapy following placement of ac-EVDs does not seem to reduce the incidence of catheter-related ventriculitis and was associated with a higher rate of nosocomial infections and increased cost