Comparative performance and ergonomic assessment of different types of weeder for better adaptability of machine

The research was planned to predict the performance and ergonomic assessment of different types (tractor operated weeder, the engine operated inter-row rotary weeder, tractor-drawn high clearance cultivator, and manual hand hoe) of weeder in cotton crop.  The study will help the farmers to purchase good quality weeder.  The experimental study consists of five treatments. Weeding operations have been done at three stages (pre-square, square, and flowering) of the cotton crop and the performance parameter was recorded. The highest weeding efficiency was found in manual hand hoe (Kasola) with 85.50-89.59% whereas efficiency varied from 74-76% in tractor operated weeders. Crop parameters were also recorded. Plant height and canopy at the flowering stage differ significantly and plant height was found significant at the square stage also. In all treatments, after weeding pulse rate varies from 104-122 beats/min. The engine operated power weeder resulted in more blood pressure (142/90)  than the manual weeder(135/88). So resulted obtained from the research, the tractor operated inter-row rotary weeder (M2) was found best and recommended

Comparison of the energy consumption in traditional and advanced paddy residue management technologies for wheat sowing

The study examines the energy consumption for paddy harvesting and wheat sowing using different techniques. The research was planned with ten treatments using three straw management practices, i.e., Retention, Incorporation, and Removal of straw. Major portion of energy is consumed in form of diesel energy, which was the highest energy consumption source, with a participation of 79.3 to 86.5%. It was resulted that T4 had the opulent while T7 had the miserable yield. Least energy was consumed in treatment T2 (1582.9 MJ ha-1) and the most was in treatment T5 (3500.4 MJ ha-1). The specific energy consumption was 25.47, 24.94, 27.74, 49.68, 58.15, 46.60, 55.82, 51.43, 53.01 and 37.78 MJ ha-1, respectively for Treatment T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, and T10. Specific energy is more in removal and incorporation of straw residue practices in comparison to residue retention practices. It can be concluded that treatments using direct drilling machine was the most efficient in case of specific energy consumption. Residue retention tillage practice with happy seeder should be used to make higher productivity with efficient energy input to manage paddy residue

Perioperative blood management: Current transfusion practices and challenges

Perioperative blood management is a crucial aspect of the care of any surgical patient. A multidisciplinary approach involving anesthesiologists, surgeons, and transfusion specialists is needed for the safe transfusion practice. It should span the entire perioperative period from preoperative evaluation until discharge from the hospital. Even though the current practice of blood management is supported by scientific research and evidence-based knowledge, many challenges still need to be addressed. Planning about blood management should start from the patient's first visit to the hospital through careful assessment and optimal preparation, including preoperative anemia management, which is found to reduce the transfusion need in the intraoperative period. It is also possible to avoid allogeneic blood transfusions by taking stringent measures to minimize intraoperative blood loss and implementing blood conservation strategies. Every institution must have a protocol for initiating and managing massive transfusions in surgical patients. Implementing a patient blood management program in every hospital can significantly contribute to accomplishing this objective. The judicious use of blood products during the perioperative phase can be ensured by establishing a blood transfusion committee, developing institutional policies, conducting routine audits, and organizing frequent training sessions

Sublingual buprenorphine versus intravenous morphine as a premedicant and postoperative analgesic in laparoscopic appendectomy under general anesthesia—A randomized control trial

Background: Minimally invasive surgery aims to minimize trauma, cause rapid mobilization, and thus achieve a satisfactory therapeutic result. But the challenging fact with the laparoscopic surgery is its hemodynamic changes because of pneumoperitoneum and the complex visceral pain in the postoperative period. Aim: To find a safe, reliable, and highly effective drug as a premedicant in laparoscopic appendectomies under general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 110 patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomies were randomized into two groups: group M (morphine) and group B (buprenorphine) with 55 patients in each group. Group B patients received 0.4 μg of buprenorphine tablet sublingually 1 h before surgery and group M patients received 0.1 mg/kg of intravenous morphine 10 min before anesthesia induction. Intraoperative hemodynamics, postoperative pain score, rescue analgesic requirement, and complications were recorded. Results: Intraoperative vitals that is heart rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly stable in group B compared to group M. Only 11 % patients in group B required dexmedetomidine infusion compared to 37% in group M, to control intraoperative hypertension. Visual analog scale (VAS) values in group B at 2nd (1.30 ± 0.46), 4th (1.31 ± 0.54), and 6th hour (1.33 ± 0.63) were significantly less than group M at 2nd (4.56 ± 0.65), 4th (5.68 ± 0.72), and 6th h (4.45 ± 1.15). Duration of analgesia in postoperative period in group B (260.0 ± 28.52 min) was significantly longer than group M (124.10 ± 20.832 min). Conclusion: Sublingual buprenorphine premedication is an alternative to intravenous injection of morphine with perioperative hemodynamic stability and better postoperative analgesia

I-gel assisted fiberoptic intubation in a child with Morquio′s syndrome

Morquio′s syndrome, also known as mucopolysaccharidosis type IV is an autosomal recessive disorder, caused by deficiency of n-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulphate. Anesthetic management of this syndrome is a great challenge, especially in pediatric age group as "cannot ventilate, cannot intubate" scenario can be encountered by anesthesiologist due to the possibility of total airway collapse. Herewith, we are reporting a case of child with Morquio′s syndrome where I-gel assisted fiber-optic intubation was used for safe endotracheal intubation