Electroacupuncture Improves Cognitive Deficits through Increasing Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Alleviating Inflammation in CCI Rats

Objective. To investigate the effect of EA on regional cerebral blood flow, cognitive deficits, inflammation, and its probable mechanisms in chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) rats. Methods. Rats were assigned randomly into sham operation group (sham group) and operation group. For operation group, CCI model was performed using the permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) method, and then rats were further randomly divided into model group and electroacupuncture (EA) group. 2/15 Hz low-frequency pulse electric intervention was applied at “Baihui” and “Dazhui” acupoints in EA group. Four weeks later, Morris water maze test was adopted to assess the cognitive function, using laser Doppler flowmetry to test changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF); double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) to measure proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β); western blot to test the protein expression quantities of proinflammatory cytokines, JAK2, and STAT3; and RT-PCR to test JAK2 mRNA and STAT3 mRNA in the hippocampus in each group. Results. Compared with the model group, learning and memory abilities and rCBF and IL-6 expression of the EA group enhanced markedly; IL-1β and JAK2 significantly decreased; TNF-α and STAT3 also declined, but the difference was not apparent. Conclusion. Our research suggests that EA can improve cognitive deficits which may be induced by increasing rCBF and anti-inflammatory effect

Long Noncoding RNA PVT1 as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Melanoma

Accumulating evidences indicated that plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) plays vital roles in several cancers. However, the expression, functions, and clinical values of PVT1 in melanoma are still unknown. In this study we measured the expression of PVT1 in clinical tissues and serum samples and explored the diagnostic value of PVT1 for melanoma and the effects of PVT1 on melanoma cell proliferation, cell cycle, and migration. Our results, combined with publicly available PVT1 expression data, revealed that PVT1 is upregulated in melanoma tissues compared with nonneoplastic nevi tissues. Serum PVT1 level is significantly increased in melanoma patients compared with age and gender-matched nonmelanoma controls with melanocytic nevus. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that serum PVT1 level could sensitively discriminate melanoma patients from controls. Furthermore, serum PVT1 level indicted melanoma dynamics. Functional experiments showed that overexpression of PVT1 promotes melanoma cells proliferation, cell cycle progression, and migration, while depletion of PVT1 significantly inhibits melanoma cells proliferation, cell cycle progression, and migration. Collectively, our results indicate that PVT1 functions as an oncogene in melanoma and could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for melanoma