A Retrospective Comparison of Computed Tomography and Fluoroscopic Guided Percutaneous Nephrostomy for Evaluating Radiation Exposure

Aim: The study aimed to compare the radiation doses absorbed by the patient in first-time percutaneous nephrostomy under computed tomography (CT) and nephrostomy replacement under fluoroscopy. Material and Methods: Eighty-nine hydronephrotic patients referred for nephrostomy were included in this retrospective study. Seventy-five of these patients had the nephrostomy for the first-time under CT- guidance. Fourteen patients had the nephrostomy replacement operation under fluoroscopy guidance. Absorbed radiation doses were compared between these operations. Results: The groups showed no statistically significant differences in means of demography (age, sex, and pathology) and operational parameters (intervention side and complications) except the absorbed radiation dose. The median effective radiation doses were 1.18 mSv and 1.68 mSv for CT and fluoroscopy, respectively. The first-time nephrostomy operations under CT were completed with radiation doses significantly lower than those in nephrostomy replacement under fluoroscopy (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Ultra-low-dose and fast-acting CT-guided nephrostomy is a safe, user-friendly procedure that leads patients to less radiation exposure than expected

A Conformal Fractional Derivative-based Leaky Integrate-and-Fire Neuron Model

Neuron model have been extensively studied and different models have been proposed. Nobel laureate Hodgkin-Huxley model is physiologically relevant and can demonstrate different neural behaviors, but it is mathematically complex. For this reason, simplified neuron models such as integrate-and-fire model and its derivatives are more popular in the literature to study neural populations. Lapicque’s integrate-and-fire model is proposed in 1907 and its leaky integrate-and-fire version is very popular due to its simplicity. In order to improve this simple model and capture different aspects of neurons, a variety of it have been proposed. Fractional order derivative-based neuron models are one of those varieties, which can show adaptation without necessitating additional differential equations. However, fractional-order derivatives could be computationally costly. Recently, a conformal fractional derivative (CFD) is suggested in literature. It is easy to understand and implement compared to the other methods. In this study, a CFD-based leaky integrate-and-fire neuron model is proposed. The model captures the adaptation in firing rate under sustained current injection. Results suggest that it could be used to easily and efficiently implement network models as well as to model different sensory afferents

Characteristics of Some New Generation Refrigerants with Low GWP

AbstractIn the present study, a comparison was considered about some characteristics of new generation low GWP value gases most of which are at the trial stage. Hydrofluoro-olefin (HFO) based mixed gases having low GWP value were investigated as alternatives to different four refrigerants used commonly in refrigerating and air conditioning equipments. In the study, R450A, R513A, R1234yf and R1234ze(E) gases were used instead of R134a; DR-33, L40, DR-7 and R448A were used instead of R404A; DR-5 and R447A were used instead of R410A; and N20 and R444B refrigerants were used as alternatives to R22. Refrigerants were compared within their own groups in terms of liquid density and viscosity properties

The Effects of Tragacanth Addition on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Concretes Mixed with Expanded Clay

The effects of adding tragacanth, which is a natural resin, as expanded clay aggregate and binder to specimens on the thermal and mechanical properties of lightweight concretes has been examined in this study. Expanded clay with diameters of 4 - 8mm and by proportion 5%, 10% and 20% of cement’s weight was added to specimens in the study. As a binder, by addition of 1% tragacanth to cement at the rate of 1%, new lightweight concrete specimens with densities varying between 867 kg/m3to 1452 kg/m3were produced. Tragacanth with the same proportions of mixture was prepared in pure specimens in order to compare. Water / cement ratio was kept constant in all mixtures. At the end of a drying time of 28 days, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, water absorption and drying quantities of specimens were confirmed. As a result, decrease of thermal conductivity, density and compressive strength of specimens was seen through adding tragacanth and raising the amount of expanded clay

Covariant Symplectic Structure and Conserved Charges of New Massive Gravity

We show that the symplectic current obtained from the boundary term, which arises in the first variation of a local diffeomorphism invariant action, is covariantly conserved for any gravity theory described by that action. Therefore, a Poincare invariant 2-form can be constructed on the phase space, which is shown to be closed without reference to a specific theory. Finally, we show that one can obtain a charge expression for gravity theories in various dimensions, which plays the role of the Abbott-Deser-Tekin (ADT) charge for spacetimes with non-constant curvature backgrounds, by using the diffeomorphism invariance of the symplectic 2-form. As an example, we calculate the conserved charges of some solutions of New Massive Gravity (NMG) and compare the results with the previous works.Comment: 18 pages, No figures, RevTEX4.1; ver 2: minor corrections, version accepted for publication in Physical Review

The learnability level of rhythm named “zencîr usûlü” with Dalcroze teaching method in Turkish music rhythm education : Türk mûsıkîsi usûl eğitiminde Dalcroze öğretim yöntemi ile zencîr usûlünün öğrenilebilirlik düzeyi

In this study, by using the Dalcroze teaching method in the education of special talented students, practices focused on the perception of the Turkish musical “zencîr usûlü” with the support of the musical element and the determination of the level of learnability. However, with the applied curriculum, it is aimed to develop rhythmic perception and musical sensitivity by using interdisciplinary method technique and Dalcroze teaching method technique. The subject study group of the study was formed from the students of the music department studying in Akhisar Science and Art Center affiliated to the Ministry of National Education. In this study; A curriculum suitable for students' levels was prepared by foreseeing that gifted students grasped and progressed in a process three times faster than their peers, and that many activities would be easier for them than their peers. Based on the saying "Body movement with music is one, it cannot be separated" mentioned in Ancient Greece, the evaluation of the teaching technique we envisioned with the Turkish musical procedural technique, the pre-test post-test experimental design with control group Handled using. In order to determine whether there is a significant difference between test results, Mann - Whitney U Test, and "SPSS 20" package program was used for pre-test and post-test results. In order to determine the reliability of the study, an expert opinion form regarding the rubric and rubric was used at the pre-test and post-test stages. In the control group, the lessons were taught with the traditional teaching system, while in the experimental group, the teaching model was handled. According to the findings obtained in the study, it was determined that the experimental group in which the teaching model based strategies were applied was more successful than the control group in which the traditional method technique was used.   Özet Bu çalışmada, özel yetenekli öğrenci eğitiminde Dalcroze öğretim yöntemi kullanılarak, Türk mûsıkîsi zencîr usûlünün müzik unsuru ile desteklenerek algılanması ve öğrenilebilirlik düzeyinin tespiti üzerinde yoğunlaşılan uygulamalar yapılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, uygulanan öğretim programıyla disiplinlerarası yöntem tekniği ve Dalcroze öğretim yöntem tekniği kullanılarak ritmik algı ve müzikal duyarlılığın geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın denek çalışma grubu, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı Akhisar Bilim ve Sanat Merkezinde öğrenim gören müzik bölümü öğrencilerinden oluşturulmuştur. Bu araştırmada; özel yetenekli öğrencilerin, yaşıtlarına göre normalden üç kat daha hızlı bir süreçte konuyu kavradıkları ve ilerledikleri, yaşıtlarına göre pek çok etkinliğin onlara daha kolay gelebileceği ön görülerek öğrencilerin seviyelerine uygun bir öğretim programı hazırlanmıştır. Antik Yunan’da zikredilen “Müzikle beden hareketi birdir, ayrılamaz” sözünden yola çıkarak, Türk mûsıkîsi usûl icra tekniği (meşk sistemi) ile öngördüğümüz öğretim tekniğinin değerlendirmesi, söz konusu tekniğin, bedensel hareket ve koordinasyon eşliğinde uygulandığı ön test son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılarak ele alınmıştır. Test sonuçları arasında anlamlı bir fark olup olmadığını belirlemek amacı ile Mann - Whitney U Testi, ön test ve son test sonuçlarında ise “SPSS 20” paket programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın güvenirliğinin tespiti için de, ön test - son test aşamalarında dereceli puanlama anahtarı ve dereceli puanlama anahtarına ilişkin uzman görüşü alma formu kullanılmıştır. Kontrol gurubunda dersler geleneksel öğretim sistemiyle işlenirken, deney grubunda ise öğretim modeli ele alınarak işlenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, geleneksel yöntem tekniğinin kullanıldığı kontrol grubuna nazaran öğretim modeline dayalı stratejilerin uygulandığı deney grubunun daha başarılı olduğu saptanmıştır

Pain assessment of ultrasound-guided liver biopsy for diffuse parenchymal diseases: a randomized trial comparing intercostal and subcostal techniques

Objectives: Percutaneous liver biopsy is widely used in diffuse liver parenchymal diseases. Comparison ofthe severity of pain is not properly studied. In this randomized study, pain intensity between the intercostaland subcostal techniques of US-guided Tru-Cut liver biopsy in diffuse liver diseases was compared.Methods: Between March 2016 and May 2017, all potential study participants referred to the interventionalradiology department for ultrasound-guided liver biopsy (n = 245), were assessed for enrollment. The painintensity at 0, 2, and 4 h post-procedure was compared in two groups using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS).Premedication was not used. After applying local anesthesia under US-guidance, 18-G automatic biopsy needlefree-hand US-guided biopsy was performed.Results: Immediately after the biopsy (p = 0.0024), and at the 2nd hour (p = 0.0298), NRS of the subcostalgroup was significantly less than the intercostal group. Furthermore, the need for oral (p = 0.0492) orintramuscular (p = 0.0094) analgesics after the biopsy in the subcostal group was significantly less than theintercostal group. At the evaluation of both groups together, 55.62% of the patients had a mild and 27.22%had a moderate pain score. NRS score decreased with time in each group.Conclusions: The pain intensity and the need for analgesics were less in the subcostal biopsies. Since intensepain and anxiety may be the cause of loss of the patients after the first biopsy, a subcostal biopsy could bepreferred primarily

Ahmet Özal:siz beni seneye görün

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 47-Turgut Özal. Not: Gazetenin "Ekonomi-Araştırma" köşesinde yayımlanmıştır.Unutma İstanbul projesi İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı'nın 2016 yılı "Yenilikçi ve Yaratıcı İstanbul Mali Destek Programı" kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Proje No: TR10/16/YNY/010