40 research outputs found
CHAI-SIK CHUNG, A KOREAN CONFUCIAN ENCOUNTER WITH THE MODERN WORLD - YI HANG-NO AND THE WEST. Korea Research Monograph 20. Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 1995. ix, 268 p. $13.50.
Ritual and Economic Strategies against Vacant Succession in Premodern Korea
The article discusses the emergence of Confucian-style lineages in the seventeenth century against the background of Koreaâs transformation from a bilateral to a patrilineal society on the model of ritual prescriptions. It argues that vacant succession was a technical impossibility because the necessity of continued performance of ancestral rites did not allow for vacant heirship. The introduction of primogeniture narrowed the boundaries of the ritual group by first depriving daughters and later sons of inheritance. As a strategy to mitigate conflicts among heirs a group of agnates larger than the ritual lineage (munjung) was created that encompassed all agnates of the lineage or lineage segments. Both succession and inheritance were preferably regulated within the lineage on the basis of ritual norms with only incidental state intervention.Cet article sâintĂ©resse Ă lâĂ©mergence de lignages de type confucĂ©en dans le courant du XVIIe siĂšcle en CorĂ©e, en lien avec la transformation de la sociĂ©tĂ© locale dâun modĂšle familial bilatĂ©ral Ă un systĂšme patrilinĂ©aire axĂ© sur un corpus de prescriptions rituelles de tradition confucianiste. Dans un tel systĂšme, comme le montre lâarticle, une succession vacante Ă©tait techniquement impossible : la nĂ©cessitĂ© absolue de continuitĂ© dans lâaccomplissement des rituels aux ancĂȘtres rendait impensable une vacance dâhĂ©ritier. Lâadoption du principe de primogĂ©niture a rĂ©duit le cercle des hĂ©ritiers rituels lĂ©gitimes en bloquant dâabord lâaccĂšs des filles, puis celui des fils puinĂ©s Ă lâhĂ©ritage. Pour attĂ©nuer les risques de conflits entre successeurs furent instituĂ©s des munjung, organisations lignagĂšres qui regroupaient tous les agnats dâun mĂȘme lignage ou du mĂȘme segment dâun lignage. La succession rituelle, de mĂȘme que les modalitĂ©s pratiques de lâhĂ©ritage patrimonial, Ă©taient rĂ©gulĂ©es de prĂ©fĂ©rence au sein mĂȘme du lignage, en conformitĂ© avec les normes rituelles dâusage, limitant ainsi au strict minimum les interventions de lâautoritĂ© Ă©tatique