Uniform accounting system for general hospitals -- Instruction bulletin; Instruction bulletin -- A uniform accounting system for general hospitals

While many of the hospitals of the State already had a complete accounting system, it was true that many others were not prepared to furnish the Department of Public Welfare with the data essential to a consideration of their applications for appropriations. It was for that reason that it was deemed essential that a uniform system of accounting be devised and furnished to all of the hospitals of the State which receive aid from the General Assembly. At the same time it was fully appreciated that a uniform system of accounting would be of great value to the hospitals. Such a system enables a hospital to keep a careful check not only on its expenditures, but on its cost of service one month with another. Because all hospitals classify their items of expense in keeping with a uniform scheme, a comparison of costs, one hospital with another, is possible. Such a comparison is often a revelation to a superintendent, resulting in marked changes in his policy of administration. Often it is the means of justifying a seemingly high cost, an argument for a greater expenditure, or the basis of an appeal to the public for more libera] financial support. For these and many other reasons the Department felt fully justified in providing each hospital with a uniform financial record book

Worse Than Spam: Issues In Sampling Software Developers

Background: Reaching out to professional software developers is a crucial part of empirical software engineering research. One important method to investigate the state of practice is survey research. As drawing a random sample of professional software developers for a survey is rarely possible, researchers rely on various sampling strategies. Objective: In this paper, we report on our experience with different sampling strategies we employed, highlight ethical issues, and motivate the need to maintain a collection of key demographics about software developers to ease the assessment of the external validity of studies. Method: Our report is based on data from two studies we conducted in the past. Results: Contacting developers over public media proved to be the most effective and efficient sampling strategy. However, we not only describe the perspective of researchers who are interested in reaching goals like a large number of participants or a high response rate, but we also shed light onto ethical implications of different sampling strategies. We present one specific ethical guideline and point to debates in other research communities to start a discussion in the software engineering research community about which sampling strategies should be considered ethical.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the 2016 ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM 2016), ACM, 201

Indian affairs documents from Maine Executive Council: Journal

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