Gendering the careers of young professionals: some early findings from a longitudinal study. in Organizing/theorizing: developments in organization theory and practice

Wonders whether companies actually have employees best interests at heart across physical, mental and spiritual spheres. Posits that most organizations ignore their workforce – not even, in many cases, describing workers as assets! Describes many studies to back up this claim in theis work based on the 2002 Employment Research Unit Annual Conference, in Cardiff, Wales

Should we screen for frailty in primary care settings? A fresh perspective on the frailty evidence base: A narrative review

With older adults living longer, health service providers have increasingly turned their attention towards frailty and its significant consequences for health and well-being. Consequently, frailty screening has gained momentum as a possible health policy answer to the question of what can be done to prevent frailty\u27s onset and progression. However, who should be screened for frailty, where and when remains a subject of extensive debate. The purpose of this narrative review is to explore the dimensions of this question with reference to Wilson and Jungner\u27s time-tested and widely accepted principles for acceptable screening within community settings. Although the balance of the emerging evidence to support frailty screening is promising, significant gaps in the evidence base remain. Consequently, when assessed against Wilson and Jungner\u27s principles, extensive population screening does not appear to be supported by the evidence. However, screening for the purpose of case-finding may prove useful among older adults

Association of Gas Diffusing Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide with Cardiovascular Morbidity and Survival in a Disadvantaged Clinical Population

Purpose: Low diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and spirometry values are associated with increased mortality risk. However, associations between mortality risk and cardiovascular disease with the transfer coefficient of the lung for carbon monoxide (KCO) and alveolar volume (VA) are unknown. This cohort study: (i) evaluated whether DLCO, KCO, and VA abnormalities are independently associated with cardiovascular morbidity and/or elevated mortality risk and, (ii) compared these associations with those using spirometry values. Methods: Gas-diffusing capacity and spirometry data of 1165 adults seen at specialist respiratory outreach clinics over an 8-year period (241 with cardiovascular disease; 108 deceased) were analysed using multivariable Cox and logistic regression. Results: DLCO, KCO, and VA values below the lower limit of normal (LCO, KCO, and VA were associated with similar or greater mortality risk, and similar cardiovascular disease prevalence. Analysis of only those patients with clinical normal spirometry values (n = 544) showed these associations persisted for DLCO. Conclusion: Low DLCO, KCO, and VA measurements are associated with cardiovascular disease prevalence. As risk factors of all-cause mortality, they are more sensitive than spirometry even among patients with no diagnosed respiratory disease.</p

Volatile organic compound breath testing detects in-situ squamous cell carcinoma of bronchial and laryngeal regions and shows distinct profiles of each tumour

Volatile organic compound (VOC) breath testing of lung and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been widely studied, however little is known regarding VOC profiles ofin-situSCC. A prospective study of VOC in patients with histologically proven SCC, eitherin-situor advanced, and controls. Breath samples were analysed using the E-nose Cyranose(R)320 and by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Predictive models were developed using bootstrap forest using all 32 sensors. Data from 55 participants was analysed: 42 SCC cases comprising 20 bronchial (10in-situ, 10 advanced) and 22 laryngeal (12in-situ, 10 advanced), and 13 controls. There were 32 (76%) male SCC cases with mean age 63.6 (SD = 9.5) compared with 11 (85%) male controls with mean age 61.9 (SD = 10.1). Predictive models forin situcases had good sensitivity and specificity compared to controls (overall, 95% and 69%; laryngeal, 100% and 85%; bronchial, 77% and 80%). When distinguishingin-situand advanced tumours, sensitivity and specificity 82% and 75% respectively. For different tumour types (bronchial versus advanced laryngeal) sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 80% respectively. VOCs isolated fromin-situcancers included some previously demonstrated in advanced cancers and some novel VOCs.In-situbronchial and laryngeal cancer can be detected by VOC analysis. Distinction from normal controls and between the two tumour types could allow screening in high risk groups for these curable lesions