Organisations interobjectives et intersubjectivité dans les trains

Cet article présente une analyse des objets dont se compose l’aménagement intérieur des trains de passagers en Italie. On observe que les relations interobjectives suscitées par la disposition des sièges, des poignées, des interrupteurs, des tablettes, des cendriers, etc., créent des espaces signifiants différenciés selon les modèles de wagons. Une typologie en est proposée. L’usage que les passagers font de ces espaces est lié à la manière dont ils en interprètent les effets de sens, compte tenu de la présence et de la valeur relationelle de chaque élément. Cet ensemble de relations induit des formes d’inclusion et d’exclusion entre groupes de passagers.This article offers an analysis of the interior decoration of Italian trains. We will show that passenger cars are differentiated by arrangement of seats, handles, push buttons, small tables, ash trays, all those objects that furnish the car’s space. The passengers use this space as best they can, based on their interpretation of its meaning and on the relative value of each object. All these relations establish distinct social interactions, inclusive and exclusive

Le design de services : projeter le bien-être

Dans le domaine du projet, une profonde réflexion est en cours sur le rôle du designer, un intellectuel technique dont les compétences aussi larges que complexes sont requises pour améliorer le bien-être collectif. Actuellement un secteur en croissance est le design des services où le domaine de la santé occupe une partie importante. Cet article concerne le design des services dédiés à la santé dans le cadre de la maladie d’Alzheimer, un secteur pris en charge par des équipes de professionnels diverses parmi lesquelles la sémiotique assume un rôle-clé afin d’améliorer la qualité de la vie du malade ainsi que celle de ceux qui en assurent le soin.In design research there is an ongoing reflection about the role of designer, a technical intellectual whose broad and complex skills are required to improve the collective welfare. Currently the service design is an increasing sector in the area of health. This article concerns the service design dedicated to health in the context of Alzheimer’s disease, a sector developed by different professional teams including semiotics which plays a key role in improving the quality of life both the patient and the care giver

Characterization of Skeletal Muscle Biopsy and Derived Myoblasts in a Patient Carrying Arg14del Mutation in Phospholamban Gene.

Phospholamban is involved in the regulation of the activity and storage of calcium in cardiac muscle. Several mutations have been identified in the PLN gene causing cardiac disease associated with arrhythmogenic and dilated cardiomyopathy. The patho-mechanism underlying PLN mutations is not fully understood and a specific therapy is not yet available. PLN mutated patients have been deeply investigated in cardiac muscle, but very little is known about the effect of PLN mutations in skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated both histological and functional features in skeletal muscle tissue and muscle-derived myoblasts from an Italian patient carrying the Arg14del mutation in PLN. The patient has a cardiac phenotype, but he also reported lower limb fatigability, cramps and fasciculations. The evaluation of a skeletal muscle biopsy showed histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural alterations. In particular, we detected an increase in the number of centronucleated fibers and a reduction in the fiber cross sectional area, an alteration in p62, LC3 and VCP proteins and the formation of perinuclear aggresomes. Furthermore, the patient's myoblasts showed a greater propensity to form aggresomes, even more marked after proteasome inhibition compared with control cells. Further genetic and functional studies are necessary to understand whether a definition of PLN myopathy, or cardiomyopathy plus, can be introduced for selected cases with clinical evidence of skeletal muscle involvement. Including skeletal muscle examination in the diagnostic process of PLN-mutated patients can help clarify this issue.This work was partially supported by the Italian Ministry of Health (Ministero della Salute, Ricerca Corrente 245)S

Effects of the dose of erythropoiesis stimulating agents on cardiovascular events, quality of life, and health-related costs in hemodialysis patients: the clinical evaluation of the dose of erythropoietins (C.E. DOSE) trial protocol

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Anemia is a risk factor for death, adverse cardiovascular outcomes and poor quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Erythropoietin Stimulating Agents (ESA) are commonly used to increase hemoglobin levels in this population. In observational studies, higher hemoglobin levels (around 11-13 g/dL) are associated with improved survival and quality of life compared to hemoglobin levels around 9-10 g/dL. A systematic review of randomized trials found that targeting higher hemoglobin levels with ESA causes an increased risk of adverse vascular outcomes. It is possible, but has never been formally tested in a randomized trial, that ESA dose rather than targeted hemoglobin concentration itself mediates the increased risk of adverse vascular outcomes. The Clinical Evaluation of the DOSe of Erythropoietins (C.E. DOSE) trial will assess the benefits and harms of a high versus a low fixed ESA dose for the management of anemia in patients with end stage kidney disease.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>This is a randomized, prospective open label blinded end-point (PROBE) trial due to enrol 2204 hemodialysis patients in Italy. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to 4000 IU/week versus 18000 IU/week of intravenous epoietin alfa or beta, or any other ESA in equivalent doses. The dose will be adjusted only if hemoglobin levels fall outside the 9.5-12.5 g/dL range. The primary outcome will be a composite of all-cause mortality, non fatal stroke, non fatal myocardial infarction and hospitalization for cardiovascular causes. Quality of life and costs will also be assessed.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The C.E.DOSE study will help inform the optimal therapeutic strategy for the management of anemia of hemodialysis patients, improving clinical outcomes, quality of life and costs, by ascertaining the potential benefits and harms of different fixed ESA doses.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00827021</p

Arrhythmic risk prediction in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: external validation of the arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy risk calculator

Aims Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) causes ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). In 2019, a risk prediction model that estimates the 5-year risk of incident VAs in ARVC was developed (ARVCrisk.com). This study aimed to externally validate this prediction model in a large international multicentre cohort and to compare its performance with the risk factor approach recommended for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) use by published guidelines and expert consensus.Methods and results In a retrospective cohort of 429 individuals from 29 centres in North America and Europe, 103 (24%) experienced sustained VA during a median follow-up of 5.02 (2.05-7.90) years following diagnosis of ARVC. External validation yielded good discrimination [C-index of 0.70 (95% confidence interval-CI 0.65-0.75)] and calibration slope of 1.01 (95% CI 0.99-1.03). Compared with the three published consensus-based decision algorithms for ICD use in ARVC (Heart Rhythm Society consensus on arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, International Task Force consensus statement on the treatment of ARVC, and American Heart Association guidelines for VA and SCD), the risk calculator performed better with a superior net clinical benefit below risk threshold of 35%.Conclusion Using a large independent cohort of patients, this study shows that the ARVC risk model provides good prognostic information and outperforms other published decision algorithms for ICD use. These findings support the use of the model to facilitate shared decision making regarding ICD implantation in the primary prevention of SCD in ARVC

Les valeurs (in)différentes &#8232;entre identité et image: le cas Trenitalia

Using the concepts of identity and values as a starting point, our paper introduces the example of the company Trenitalia to explain the differences between Corporate Identity and Corporate Image. In the first part of the paper, we define values and valorization. Then, the second part, deals with the passage between "themes" and "manifestations" of values by demonstrating how this transposition is decisive to build the identity of a company. In fact, a considerable gap between the mission of a company and the manifestations concerning this company (products, services, communication, acts, etc.) could compromise its communicative intentions and its credibility. In the third part of the paper, we propose some examples to define the Corporate Identity and the Corporate Image. In particular, in the last paragraphs we compare how Trenitalia, Italo Nuovo Trasporto and SNCF build and manage their Corporate Image

Conception et création : la valeur de la création, la création de la valeur

Wikicreation : l’encyclopédie de la création et de ses usages, édité par l'Institut ACTE UMR 8218 (Univ. Paris 1 Sorbonne, CNRS) / LabEx CAPWikicreation : l’encyclopédie de la création et de ses usagesInternational audienceCet article est une réflexion sur les différentes possibilités d’aborder la conception, la créativité et la création dans le secteur du design et du projet. Afin d’explorer ces modalités appartenant à la conception et à l’agir projectuel, la première partie de l’article est consacrée à la valeur et à la maîtrise de la valorisation. La seconde partie de l’article est consacrée à la conception, à la création et à la créativité dans le design et le projet. Dans la troisième partie de l’article, notre attention est portée plus particulièrement à Paolo Deganello, à l’entreprise Ikea et à Carlo Mollino. Il s’agit de cas exemplaires pour répondre à nos questionnements théoriques portant sur la conception et la création ainsi que pour identifier les possibilités d’intervention de la sémiotique

Lo sguardo semiotico nel design sociale

Conferenza organizzate all\'interno del corso di Teoria della Comunicazione della Prof.ssa Francesca Polacci, 10-04-2017Conférence organisée à l'intérieur du cours de Théorie de la Communication, de Mme Francesca Polacci, à l'Istituto Superiore per le Industrie Artistiche inserito nel comparto AFAM - Alta Formazione Artistica e Musicale - del MIUR (Ministero dell’istruzione, dell’Università et della Ricerca), Florence (Italie), 10 avril 201

Des sciences du design à la science du design

International audienc