Mapping knowledge of the stem cell in traumatic brain injury: a bibliometric and visualized analysis

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a brain function injury caused by external mechanical injury. Primary and secondary injuries cause neurological deficits that mature brain tissue cannot repair itself. Stem cells can self-renewal and differentiate, the research of stem cells in the pathogenesis and treatment of TBI has made significant progress in recent years. However, numerous articles must be summarized to analyze hot spots and predict trends. This study aims to provide a panorama of knowledge and research hotspots through bibliometrics.MethodWe searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database to identify articles pertaining to TBI and stem cells published between 2000 and 2022. Visualization knowledge maps, including co-authorship, co-citation, and co-occurrence analysis were generated by VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix.”ResultsWe retrieved a total of 459 articles from 45 countries. The United States and China contributed the majority of publications. The number of publications related to TBI and stem cells is increasing yearly. Tianjin Medical University was the most prolific institution, and Professor Charles S. Cox, Jr. from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston was the most influential author. The Journal of Neurotrauma has published the most research articles on TBI and stem cells. Based on the burst references, “immunomodulation,” “TBI,” and “cellular therapy” have been regarded as research hotspots in the field. The keywords co-occurrence analysis revealed that “exosomes,” “neuroinflammation,” and “microglia” were essential research directions in the future.ConclusionResearch on TBI and stem cells has shown a rapid growth trend in recent years. Existing studies mainly focus on the activation mechanism of endogenous neural stem cells and how to make exogenous stem cell therapy more effective. The combination with bioengineering technology is the trend in this field. Topics related to exosomes and immune regulation may be the future focus of TBI and stem cell research

Observation of enhanced carrier transport properties of Si <100>-oriented whiskers under uniaxial strains

In this study, enhancements of the carrier transport properties of p-type 100-oriented Si whiskers are observed under uniaxial tensile and compressive strains. It has been found that over 400 enhancement of electrical conductivity is achieved under a 2 tensile strain, while a 2 compressive strain can only cause ∼80 conductivity enhancement. The enhancements are mainly attributed to the breaking of the degeneracy of the v2 and v1 valence bands induced a reduction of the hole effective mass. This study provides an important insight of how the carrier mobility variation caused by the strain impact on their transport properties

Pan-cancer analysis reveals potential of FAM110A as a prognostic and immunological biomarker in human cancer

BackgroundDespite great success, immunotherapy still faces many challenges in practical applications. It was previously found that family with sequence similarity 110 member A (FAM110A) participate in the regulation of the cell cycle and plays an oncogenic role in pancreatic cancer. However, the prognostic value of FAM110A in pan-cancer and its involvement in immune response remain unclear.MethodsThe Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database was used to detect the expression of FAM110A in human normal tissues, the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and TIMER 2.0 databases were used to explore the association of FAM110A expression with immune checkpoint genes and immune infiltration, and the Gene Set Cancer Analysis (GSCA) database was used to explore the correlation between FAM110A expression and copy number variations (CNV) and methylation. The LinkedOmics database was used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Statistical analysis and visualization of data from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) or the Genotype–Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases were performed using the R software (version 3.6.3). Clinical samples were validated using immunohistochemistry.ResultsFAM110A expression was elevated in most tumor tissues compared with that in normal tissues. CNV and methylation were associated with abnormal FAM110A mRNA expression in tumor tissues. FAM110A affected prognosis and was associated with the expression of multiple immune checkpoint genes and abundance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells across multiple types of cancer, especially in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). FAM110A-related genes were involved in multiple immune-related processes in LIHC.ConclusionFAM110A participates in regulating the immune infiltration and affecting the prognosis of patients in multiple cancers, especially in LIHC. FAM110A may serve as a prognostic and immunological biomarker for human cancer

Associations Between Residential Indoor Temperatures and Self-reported Sleep problems in UK adults: a cross-sectional study

Background. Sleep is a key physiological state and a complex behaviour that is fundamental to an individual's physical and mental health and survival. In addition, poor sleep characteristics, sleep symptoms and sleep disorders are common and take a significant toll on public health. Sleep is influenced by the complex and dynamic interrelationships between individuals and their physical and social environments throughout their lifetimes. The thermal environment is an important but relatively neglected factor affecting human sleep in ways which may be mediated by adaptive behaviours and/or design features of the built environment. Both excessively high and low indoor temperatures can disrupt sleep even in healthy individuals who do not suffer from sleep disorders. Limited observational studies currently exist on the impact of indoor temperatures on sleep within housing under real-life situations. Aims. This study aims to understand the extent to which adult sleep is influenced by residential indoor temperatures in a real-life UK context, by investigating the relationship between room temperatures and self-reported sleep problems, using data from the NSHD (National Survey of Health and Development), a birth cohort which started in 1946 across England, Wales and Scotland. Methods. A cross sectional analysis was conducted with 1989 NSHD data, which was collected across 2 calendar years (1989-1990). Logistic regression models were used to test associations between room temperature as the main exposure (continuous variable) and two sleep questions as main outcomes (categorical variable). Room temperatures were objectively recorded once per participant by thermometers during nurse visits. Two sleep problems were: ‘How often have you had trouble in getting off to sleep over the last year?’ and ‘Have you had trouble with waking up and not being able to get back to sleep over the last year?’. They reflect different aspects of sleep quality disturbances: difficulty in falling asleep and difficulty in maintaining sleep. The answers included 6 options (never/occasionally/sometimes/quite often/very often/always), converted into binary outcomes for the analysis (never vs all other options). Relevant covariates were controlled comprising: demographics (gender/social class), health-related (BMI/exercise/physical efforts from work/alcohol consumption/smoking status), housing variables (heating types/number of bedrooms), year and time of a day of room temperature recording. To adjust for seasonal effects, month of temperature recording was attributed to one of four seasons (Spring: March-May, Summer: June-August, Autumn: September-November, Winter: December-February), based on the seasonal classification from Met Office (1). Logistic regression analysis was used to test the potential impact of adjusting these variables on the association between room temperature and self-reported sleep problems. Results. 2475 participants were drawn from the NSHD study, 1158 (46.8%) female, 1317 (53.2%) male. Participants were all 43 years old during the data collection. After removing outliers, room temperature ranged from 15°C-30°C, with a mean of 21.77°C (SD: 2.81). Surprisingly, more than 60% of participants reported that they never had sleep problems in thepast year (sleep problem 1:70.2%; sleep problem 2: 62.9%). 13.5% of households had room temperatures lower than the WHO guidelines for healthy housing recommended minimum of 18°C (2). 10.2% of households had temperature higher than 26℃, which was the overheating criteria for bedrooms according to CIBSE TM59 (3). As shown in Figure 1, room temperature was significantly associated with self-reported sleep problems across all models. The associations in these models were fairly robust with little variations in effect size (OR: odds ratio). ORs less than 1 indicated that a positive effect, i.e. lower odds of having sleep problems in relation to a unit increase in residential indoor temperature. ORs of the baseline models for two sleep problems were 0.962 (95%CI: 0.932 0.992; P: 0.014) and 0.955 (95%CI: 0.927-0.983; P: 0,002) respectively. As for fully adjusted models, OR were 0.948(95%CI: 0.913-0.984; P: 0.005) in sleep problem 1 and 0.964 (95%CI: 0.93-0.999; P: 0.044) in sleep problem 2. Conclusions. There are significant associations between residentials indoor temperature and two self-reported sleep problems in UK adults aged 43 years from the NSHD study. Results indicate that, within the range of indoor temperature in this sample [15°C-30°C; mean: 21.77°C; SD: 2.81], each degree increase in indoor temperature was associated with lower odds of reporting two sleep problems. Further research is needed on the impact of exposures to a wider range and distribution of indoor temperature (e.gl. heatwaves), as well as the potential role of behavioural adaptations and outdoor temperatures. Other sleep measures such as sleep duration and latency should be considered for a more holistic assessment of sleep health

Corrigendum to <'Associations between residential daytime indoor temperature and self-reported sleep disturbances in UK adults: A cross-sectional study'> [Environ. Res. 257 (2024) 119281].

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Productive Performance, Serum Antioxidant Status, Tissue Selenium Deposition, and Gut Health Analysis of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Selenium and Probiotics&mdash;A Pilot Study

The effect and interaction of dietary selenium (Se) and probiotics on three yellow chicken growth performance, tissue Se content, antioxidant capacity, and gut health were studied from 0 to 70 days of age. A total of 400 one-day-old broilers were distributed into four groups (I-Se, O-Se, I-Se + pros, and O-Se + pros groups) consisting of a 2 &times; 2 factorial design. The main factors were the source of Se (I-Se = inorganic Se: 0.2 mg/kg sodium selenite; O-Se = organic Se: 0.2 mg/kg Selenium yeast) and the level of probiotics (0.5% EM or 0% EM, the component of EM mainly includes Lactobacillus and Yeast at the dose of 2 &times; 108 cfu/kg and 3 &times; 107 cfu/kg, respectively). Each treatment had 5 duplicates consisting of 20 broilers. The results showed that the I-Se group had a greater (p &lt; 0.05) ratio of feed: weight gain (F/G) of broilers at Starter (0&ndash;35 d) than the other treatments. Compared to the I-Se group, the O-Se group increased (p &lt; 0.05) Se concentrations in the liver, pancreas, breast muscles, thigh muscle, and the activity of total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) in serum, as well as the relative abundance of Barnesiella and Lactobacillus in cecum. Meanwhile, probiotics enhanced (p &lt; 0.05) Se concentrations in the pancreas, thigh muscle, serum, and the activity of T-AOC and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), the duodenum&rsquo;s ratio of villi height to crypt depth (V/C), the jejunum villus height and V/C, and the ileum&rsquo;s villus height. Furthermore, the significant interactions (p &lt; 0.05) between Se sources and the level of probiotics were observed in Se concentrations in the pancreas, thigh muscle, serum, crypt depth of duodenum, and villus height of jejunum of birds, and Barnesiella abundance in the cecal. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the combination of O-Se + pros can improve broiler early growth performance, tissue Se content in the pancreas, thigh muscle, and serum, promote intestinal development, and regulate the composition of intestinal flora, suggesting a better combination. These findings provide an effective method of nutrient combination addition to improving the performance of three yellow chickens

Synthesis of End-Cap Enabled Self-Immolative Photoresists for Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography

Conventional chemically amplified resists (CARs) rely on the usage of photoacid generators to serve as the source of chemical amplification. However, acid diffusion inevitably accompanies CARs and has led to the resolution, line edge roughness, and sensitivity (RLS) tradeoff, which is the most challenging technical problem for modern photoresists. Herein, we take advantage of the self-immolative property of polyphthalaldehyde (PPA) derivatives to create end-cap enabled chain scissionable resists for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. The feasibility of this strategy was demonstrated under UV photodegradation experiments. The dose-to-clear (DTC) under EUV radiation was 90 mJ/cm2 for the most promising resist, representing more than a hundredfold improvement over previous PPA resists. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to understand the structural origin of end-cap EUV sensitivity

Table_1_Mapping knowledge of the stem cell in traumatic brain injury: a bibliometric and visualized analysis.docx

BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a brain function injury caused by external mechanical injury. Primary and secondary injuries cause neurological deficits that mature brain tissue cannot repair itself. Stem cells can self-renewal and differentiate, the research of stem cells in the pathogenesis and treatment of TBI has made significant progress in recent years. However, numerous articles must be summarized to analyze hot spots and predict trends. This study aims to provide a panorama of knowledge and research hotspots through bibliometrics.MethodWe searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database to identify articles pertaining to TBI and stem cells published between 2000 and 2022. Visualization knowledge maps, including co-authorship, co-citation, and co-occurrence analysis were generated by VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix.”ResultsWe retrieved a total of 459 articles from 45 countries. The United States and China contributed the majority of publications. The number of publications related to TBI and stem cells is increasing yearly. Tianjin Medical University was the most prolific institution, and Professor Charles S. Cox, Jr. from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston was the most influential author. The Journal of Neurotrauma has published the most research articles on TBI and stem cells. Based on the burst references, “immunomodulation,” “TBI,” and “cellular therapy” have been regarded as research hotspots in the field. The keywords co-occurrence analysis revealed that “exosomes,” “neuroinflammation,” and “microglia” were essential research directions in the future.ConclusionResearch on TBI and stem cells has shown a rapid growth trend in recent years. Existing studies mainly focus on the activation mechanism of endogenous neural stem cells and how to make exogenous stem cell therapy more effective. The combination with bioengineering technology is the trend in this field. Topics related to exosomes and immune regulation may be the future focus of TBI and stem cell research.</p