Attitudes and Level of Knowledge about Textile Ecology of University Students

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study is to assess attitude and behaviour of the students withregard to knowledge level of textile ecology.Material and MethodThis study was performed on 380 university students, between the ages of 19-55. Consent received and university students was applied with face-to-face interview method. Participants is consists of 267 science students and 75 social science students and 38 group 2.ResultsHealth sciences from the participants 72% and social sciences % 90 and sciences from the participants 61% said fabrics can be harmful to human health and the environment (p>0.05).ConclusionThe students that we will entrust our future to them are determined their sensitivity about harmful substance in fabrics and their harmful to environment and determined they are knowledgeable about this subject. Group 2 in comparison with other parts of students about the harmful fabrics were shown to be more sensitive

Oil Prices and Firm Returns in an Emerging Market

This study examines the oil price effect on Turkish stock market as an emerging country on firm level data. After controlling short term interest rate, nominal exchange rate and crude oil price, we find that firms behave differently to a change in oil prices. The findings include these: i) variations in oil prices do not significantly affect Turkish firm returns. Out of 153, only 38 firms are affected significantly by oil price after controlling exchange rate and interest rate; ii) oil prices influence stock returns of Turkish firms, suggesting that under reaction and gradual information diffusion hypotheses may hold. iii) small and middle-sized firms are more affected negatively from oil price changes, where large-sized firms affected more positively. The empirical findings of this study have potential implications and offer significant insights for both practitioners and policy makers

Perception of Financial And Payment Terms Risks: The Analysis of Aegean Exporters

In recent years, the volume of international trade has increased enormously due to the effects of globalization and liberalization of trade. However, political and economic changes, changes in consumer demand, market structures, product and market life cycles, domestic and foreign competition and the degree of effects caused by these changes became more and more significant. Such changes force the firms making or intending to make business globally to implement dynamic strategies and action plans. Considering above mentioned points, this study aims to explore the risks perceived by the exporting firms about financial risk and payment terms within the context of international trade. The firms are analyzed depending on various criteria (i.e. export intensity, firm size, sectors, geographical locations, export activity, age of the firms, export experience). The results of the study indicates that risk perceptions of exporter firms operating in the Aegean Region of Turkey vary by operating in various sectors, sizes, geographical location, types of export activity, age. On the other hand export intensity and experience of exporters do not affect the risk perceptions of exporter firms significantly

Leaf rolling reduces photosynthetic loss in maize under severe drought

Effects of leaf rolling (LR) on maize photosynthesis under severe drought stress were studied in two cultivars with opposite drought responses, Batem 56-55 (drought tolerant) and Batem 51-52 (drought sensitive). Drought stress and artificial prevention of leaf rolling (PLR) were applied at grain filling stage for 30 days. LR in Batem 56-55 occurred later than in Batem 51-52. Leaf water potential (Ψleaf) did not change in Batem 56-55 but decreased in Batem 51-52 at LR. Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPSII) and electron transport rate (ETR) of the cultivars decreased during LR more significantly in Batem 56-55 in comparison to Batem 51-52. The same was observed for the decrease in net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E) and intracellular level of CO2 (Ci). Rubisco activity and content were reduced at LR, but were less affected in Batem 56-55 than in Batem 51-52. Ear and kernel weights also decreased at LR. All parameters at PLR were more reduced than those of LR. These results implied that LR was an important and necessary mechanism protecting photosynthesis and reducing yield loss under drought stress by maintaining the leaf hydration, preventing loss of the photosynthetic pigments, sustaining the activity of PSII, keeping the stomata open, and conserving the activity of Rubisco

Session-specific effects of the Metacognitive Group Training for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: significant results for thought control

The investigation of the session-specific effects is central for the understanding of psychological interventions. For the present study, we investigated the session-specific effects of the Metacognitive Group Training for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (MCT-OCD), which was revised based on data of a pilot study. Thirty-four outpatients with OCD participated in the MCT-OCD once a week over 8 weeks. Different metacognitive beliefs (e.g., thought control) and cognitive beliefs (e.g., intolerance of uncertainty), OC symptoms, as well as associated comorbid symptoms were assessed before and after each session. Linear mixed effects models showed that patients' obsessions and compulsions, thought control, the belief of being well informed about the disorder, and action fusion improved over the course of the training. The only session-specific effect emerged for thought control, which improved immediately after the respective module. We were able to replicate the findings of the pilot study and thus corroborate the session-specific effect of the module targeting thought control. Moreover, we generated information on the mode of action of the individual modules of the MCT-OCD that allows a more in-depth evaluation of the intervention. Notably, we were able to eliminate the adverse effects of the pilot version of the MCT-OCD.Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien [DRKS];DRKS-ID: DRKS00013539;registration date: 22/02/2018)

Value-at-risk Predictions of Precious Metals with Long Memory Volatility Models

In this paper, we investigate the value-at-risk predictions of four major precious metals (gold, silver, platinum, and palladium) with long memory volatility models, namely FIGARCH, FIAPARCH and HYGARCH, under normal and student-t innovations’ distributions. For these analyses, we consider both long and short trading positions. Overall, our results reveal that long memory volatility models under student-t distribution perform well in forecasting a one-day-ahead VaR for both long and short positions. In addition, we find that FIAPARCH model with student-t distribution, which jointly captures long memory and asymmetry, as well as fat-tails, outperforms other models in VaR forecasting. Our results have potential implications for portfolio managers, producers, and policy makers

Value-at-risk Predictions of Precious Metals with Long Memory Volatility Models

In this paper, we investigate the value-at-risk predictions of four major precious metals (gold, silver, platinum, and palladium) with long memory volatility models, namely FIGARCH, FIAPARCH and HYGARCH, under normal and student-t innovations’ distributions. For these analyses, we consider both long and short trading positions. Overall, our results reveal that long memory volatility models under student-t distribution perform well in forecasting a one-day-ahead VaR for both long and short positions. In addition, we find that FIAPARCH model with student-t distribution, which jointly captures long memory and asymmetry, as well as fat-tails, outperforms other models in VaR forecasting. Our results have potential implications for portfolio managers, producers, and policy makers

Conditional Autoregregressive Range (CARR) Based Volatility Spillover Index For the Eurozone Markets

: We examine the volatility spillovers among major Eurozone countries employing the Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) model with time-varying conditional ranges generated from conditional autoregressive range (CARR) model of Chou (2005). The empirical findings, based on a data set covering a fifteen year period (1998-2013), suggest a total volatility spillover index in a very high degree. 74.9% of total volatility in the Eurozone markets is attributed to spillover effects from other markets. Moreover, rolling window analysis shows that volatility spillover index is relatively higher during the turmoil periods

Application of proline to root medium is more effective for amelioration of photosynthetic damages as compared to foliar spraying or seed soaking in maize seedlings under short-term drought

Exogenous proline (PRO) at low concentrations can enhance drought stress tolerance in different application modes such as application to rooting medium, foliar spray, and seed soaking. However, there is no information about which application mode is more effective for increasing the drought tolerance. Comparative effects of 1, 10, and 20 mM PRO applications through three application modes to hydroponically grown seedlings were examined under short-term drought stress in maize seedlings. Effects on leaf water potential, membrane damage, chlorophyll content, proline level, and gas exchange parameters such as net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci) were compared. Results indicated that PRO pretreatments raised the water potential, chlorophyll content, Pn, E, gs, and Ci but lowered the malondialdehyde content in the three application modes as compared to the untreated plants. Of the three different modes of PRO pretreatment, rooting medium treatment at 1 mM concentration was also more effective in alleviating stress-induced damages in maize seedlings. Moreover, effectively applied PRO increased the maximum quantum efficiency of PS II, quantum yield of PS II photochemistry, photochemical quenching, and electron transport rate but decreased nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence under short-term drought stress. In conclusion, exogenous PRO was markedly more effective in the root-treated mode than in foliar spray or seed soaking mode, suggesting that PRO had a different ameliorating effect in different application modes. Proline application in an effective mode can induce photochemical efficiency under short-term drought in maize

Application of sucrose modulates the expressions of genes involved in proline and polyamine metabolism in maize seedlings exposed to drought

Sucrose, proline, and polyamines are compatible solutes accumulating in plant tissues and increasing cellular osmolarity under environmental stresses. These compatible solutes and hydrogen peroxide can function as signaling molecules in plants. There has been very little evidence how the supply of sucrose changes the biosynthesis of compatible solutes. This study aimed to assess the cross-talk among sucrose, H2O2, and compatible solutes on the expression of genes encoding key enzymes in the pathways of proline and polyamine metabolism in drought stressed maize seedlings. Drought stress (induced by polyethylene glycol solution) increased the expressions of genes encoding pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), arginine decarboxylase (ADC), and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), while decreased proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), diamine oxidase (DAO), and polyamine oxidase (PAO) expressions. Addition of sucrose to the stressed seedlings increased the P5CS, ADC and SAMDC expressions more than drought stress alone and reduced more the ProDH, DAO, and PAO expressions. Moreover, exogenous sucrose increased leaf water potential and the content of proline, polyamines, and total soluble sugars, whereas decreased H2O2 content and membrane damages under the drought stress conditions. Consequently, exogenous sucrose contributed to the preservation of water status and the amelioration of damage in maize seedlings under the drought stress