Vivre la bataille ? Expérience et participation dans les arts. XVe-XXIe siècle

208 p.International audience« Une bataille vraie n’est pas un tableau », dit Baudelaire dans son Salon de 1859. L’art possède-t-il une capacité réelle à rendre compte du combat ? Par sa démesure spatiale et temporelle comme par sa violence et par son désordre, la bataille conduit à des innovations artistiques de forme comme de technique. Elle pousse à l’émergence de dispositifs toujours plus immersifs, dépassant les limites expressives des médiums afin de faire revivre des événements insaisissables ainsi qu’une expérience hors du commun. Face aux ambitions des artistes, jusqu’où le spectateur devient-il acteur de la scène de bataille ?La spire historiée de la colonne Trajane, les galeries de batailles et les tentures modernes, les rotondes des panoramas ou encore les larges écrans du cinéma sont autant de dispositifs visant à produire une restitution vivante des faits militaires. Modernistes et contemporanéistes, historiens de l’art et de l’audiovisuel envisagent ici les usages, les réceptions et les émotions engendrés par les représentations de batailles. Celles-ci touchent puissamment au regard, à l’esprit et au corps du spectateur aux prises avec la fiction du combat

: Expérience et participation dans les arts

International audience« Une bataille vraie n’est pas un tableau » dit Baudelaire dans ses Salons de 1859, mettant en doute la capacité de l’art à rendre compte du combat. Pourtant, la scène de bataille a conduit à des innovations de forme et de technique majeures en Occident. Paroxysme pour les arts, par sa démesure spatiale et temporelle comme par sa violence, la bataille a stimulé l’émergence de dispositifs toujours plus immersifs, dépassant les limites expressives des médiums, pour faire revivre des événements insaisissables, dans une expérience hors du commun. Face aux ambitions des artistes, jusqu’où le spectateur devient-il acteur de la scène de bataille ? La spire historiée de la colonne Trajane, les galeries de batailles et les tentures modernes, les rotondes des panoramas ou encore les écrans larges du cinéma sont autant de manifestations de ce fantasme consistant à produire une restitution vivante des faits militaires. Modernistes et contemporanéistes, historiens de l’art et de l’audiovisuel, envisagent les usages, réceptions et émotions engendrés par les représentations de bataille, touchant au regard, à l’esprit et au corps d’un spectateur aux prises avec la fiction du combat

: Expérience et participation dans les arts

International audience« Une bataille vraie n’est pas un tableau » dit Baudelaire dans ses Salons de 1859, mettant en doute la capacité de l’art à rendre compte du combat. Pourtant, la scène de bataille a conduit à des innovations de forme et de technique majeures en Occident. Paroxysme pour les arts, par sa démesure spatiale et temporelle comme par sa violence, la bataille a stimulé l’émergence de dispositifs toujours plus immersifs, dépassant les limites expressives des médiums, pour faire revivre des événements insaisissables, dans une expérience hors du commun. Face aux ambitions des artistes, jusqu’où le spectateur devient-il acteur de la scène de bataille ? La spire historiée de la colonne Trajane, les galeries de batailles et les tentures modernes, les rotondes des panoramas ou encore les écrans larges du cinéma sont autant de manifestations de ce fantasme consistant à produire une restitution vivante des faits militaires. Modernistes et contemporanéistes, historiens de l’art et de l’audiovisuel, envisagent les usages, réceptions et émotions engendrés par les représentations de bataille, touchant au regard, à l’esprit et au corps d’un spectateur aux prises avec la fiction du combat

Développement de systèmes membranaires modèles pour la vacuole parasitophore de Toxoplasma gondii : intéractions des protéines de granules denses (protéines GRA) avec des vésicules unilamellaires

Les protéines GRA sont sécrétées par le parasite intracellulaire Toxoplasma gondii dans la vacuole parasitophore, où elles interagissent pour la plupart avec deux systèmes de membranes tubulaires: les tubules séquestrant des organites de l'hôte (HaSTs) et le réseau de nanotubes membranaires (RNM). Bien que la plupart des protéines GRA contiennent des domaines transmembranaires potentiels, elles sont sécrétées sous des formes solubles et ne s'associent à des membranes qu'une fois qu'elles ont atteint leurs membranes-cibles dans la vacuole. Cette propriété inhabituelle nous a amenés à les considérer comme des modèles intéressants pour l'étude d'interactions protéine-membrane. J'ai développé deux approches expérimentales pour étudier les interactions des protéines GRA, extraites du parasite ou de la vacuole, avec des membranesmodèles. Premièrement, des approches biochimiques m'ont amenée à caractériser les formes de solubilisation des protéines GRA et leur association avec les membranes des petites vésicules unilamellaires (SUVs). Deuxièmement, j'ai développé une approche par spectroscopie de fluorescence, de protéines GRA associées aux membranes de vésicules unilamellaires géantes (GUVs). Les résultats fournissent des éléments de réponse qui (1) aident à décrypter le trafic des protéines dans le parasite et dans la vacuole et (2) ouvrent la voie pour la mise en place d'un système in vitro pour l'étude de la maturation de la vacuole parasitophore et de ses membranes tubulaires internes.GRA proteins are secreted by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii into the parasitophorous vacuole, where most of them interact with two systems of tubular membranes: the Host Organelle Sequestering Tubules (HaSTs) and the Membrane Nanotubules Network (RNM). Although most of the GRA proteins contain potential transmembrane domains, they are secreted as soluble forms and become membrane-associated only when they reach their target membranes. This unusual property led to consider them as attractive models of protein-membrane interactions. 1 developed two experimental approaches to study the interactions of GRA proteins, extracted trom the parasite or trom the vacuole, with model membranes. Firstly, biochemical approaches using Small Unilamellar Vesic1es (SUVs) led to characterize the solubilisation forms of GRA proteins and their association with SUVs membranes. Secondly, 1 developed a Giant Unilamellar Vesic1es (GUVs) model to study the interactions of GRA proteins with membranes by fluorescence spectroscopy methods. The results provide elements 1) which help to decipher the traffic of GRA proteins within the parasite and the PV, and 2) which open the way to set up an in vitro minimal system to study the building up of the parasitophorous vacuole and of its associated tubular membranes.GRENOBLE1-BU Sciences (384212103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Lyme borreliosis and medical wandering: what do patients think about multidisciplinary management? A qualitative study in the context of scientific and social controversy

International audienceAbstract Introduction To answer to patients’ medical wandering, often due to “unexplained symptoms” of “unexplained diseases” and to misinformation, multidisciplinary care centers for suspected Lyme borreliosis (LB), such as the 5 Tick-Borne Diseases (TBDs) Reference Centers (TBD-RC), were created a few years ago in France, the Netherlands and Denmark. Our study consisted of a comprehensive analysis of the satisfaction of the patients managed at a TBD-RC for suspected LB in the context of scientific and social controversy. Methods We included all adults who were admitted to one of the TBD-RC from 2017 to 2020. A telephone satisfaction survey was conducted 12 months after their first consultation. It consisted of 5 domains, including 2 free-text items: “What points did you enjoy?” and “What would you like us to change or to improve?”. In the current study, the 2 free-items were analyzed with a qualitative method called reflexive thematic analysis within a semantic and latent approach. Results The answer rate was 61.3% (349/569) and 97 distinctive codes from the 2-free-text items were identified and classified into five themes: (1) multidisciplinarity makes it possible to set up quality time dedicated to patients; (2) multidisciplinarity enables seamless carepaths despite the public hospital crisis compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic; (3) multidisciplinarity is defined as trust in the team’s competences; (4) an ambivalent opinion and uncertainty are barriers to acceptance of the diagnosis, reflecting the strong influence of the controversy around LB; and (5) a lack of adapted communication about TBDs, their management, and ongoing research is present. Conclusion The multidisciplinary management for suspected LB seemed an answer to medical wandering for the majority of patients and helped avoid misinformation, enabling better patient-centered shared information and satisfaction, despite the context of controversy

Acceptance of diagnosis and management satisfaction of patients with “suspected Lyme borreliosis” after 12 months in a multidisciplinary reference center: a prospective cohort study

Abstract Introduction Because patients with a “suspicion of Lyme borreliosis (LB)” may experience medical wandering and difficult care paths, often due to misinformation, multidisciplinary care centers were started all over Europe a few years ago. The aim of our study was to prospectively identify the factors associated with the acceptance of diagnosis and management satisfaction of patients, and to assess the concordance of the medical health assessment between physicians and patients 12 months after their management at our multidisciplinary center. Methods We included all adults who were admitted to the Tick-Borne Diseases Reference Center of Paris and the Northern Region (TBD-RC) (2017–2020). A telephone satisfaction survey was conducted 12 months after their first consultation. It consisted of 5 domains and 13 items rated between 0 (lowest) and 10 (highest grade): (1)Reception; (2)Care and quality of management; (3)Information/explanations given to the patients; (4)Current medical condition and acceptance of the final diagnosis; (5)Overall appreciation. Factors associated with diagnosis acceptance and management satisfaction at 12 months were identified using logistic regression models. The concordance of the health status as assessed by doctors and patients was calculated using a Cohen’s kappa test. Results Of the 569 patients who consulted, 349 (61.3%) answered the questionnaire. Overall appreciation had a median rating of 9 [8;10] and 280/349 (80.2%) accepted their diagnoses. Patients who were “very satisfied” with their care paths at TBD-RC (OR = 4.64;CI95%[1.52–14.16]) had higher odds of diagnosis acceptance. Well-delivered information was strongly associated with better satisfaction with the management (OR = 23.39;CI95%[3.52–155.54]). The concordance between patients and physicians to assess their health status 12 months after their management at TBD-RC was almost perfect in the groups of those with confirmed and possible LB (κ = 0.99), and moderate in the group with other diagnoses (κ = 0.43). Conclusion Patients seemed to approve of this multidisciplinary care organization for suspected LB. It helped them to accept their final diagnoses and enabled a high level of satisfaction with the information given by the doctors, confirming the importance of shared medical decisions, which may help to reduce health misinformation. This type of structure may be useful for any disease with a complex and controversial diagnosis

Acceptance of diagnosis and management satisfaction of patients with “suspected Lyme borreliosis” after 12 months in a multidisciplinary reference center: a prospective cohort study

International audienceIntroduction Because patients with a “suspicion of Lyme borreliosis (LB)” may experience medical wandering and difficult care paths, often due to misinformation, multidisciplinary care centers were started all over Europe a few years ago. The aim of our study was to prospectively identify the factors associated with the acceptance of diagnosis and management satisfaction of patients, and to assess the concordance of the medical health assessment between physicians and patients 12 months after their management at our multidisciplinary center. Methods We included all adults who were admitted to the Tick-Borne Diseases Reference Center of Paris and the Northern Region (TBD-RC) (2017–2020). A telephone satisfaction survey was conducted 12 months after their first consultation. It consisted of 5 domains and 13 items rated between 0 (lowest) and 10 (highest grade): (1)Reception; (2)Care and quality of management; (3)Information/explanations given to the patients; (4)Current medical condition and acceptance of the final diagnosis; (5)Overall appreciation. Factors associated with diagnosis acceptance and management satisfaction at 12 months were identified using logistic regression models. The concordance of the health status as assessed by doctors and patients was calculated using a Cohen’s kappa test. Results Of the 569 patients who consulted, 349 (61.3%) answered the questionnaire. Overall appreciation had a median rating of 9 [8;10] and 280/349 (80.2%) accepted their diagnoses. Patients who were “very satisfied” with their care paths at TBD-RC (OR = 4.64;CI95%[1.52–14.16]) had higher odds of diagnosis acceptance. Well-delivered information was strongly associated with better satisfaction with the management (OR = 23.39;CI95%[3.52–155.54]). The concordance between patients and physicians to assess their health status 12 months after their management at TBD-RC was almost perfect in the groups of those with confirmed and possible LB (κ = 0.99), and moderate in the group with other diagnoses (κ = 0.43). Conclusion Patients seemed to approve of this multidisciplinary care organization for suspected LB. It helped them to accept their final diagnoses and enabled a high level of satisfaction with the information given by the doctors, confirming the importance of shared medical decisions, which may help to reduce health misinformation. This type of structure may be useful for any disease with a complex and controversial diagnosis

Profiling the lymphoid-resident T cell pool reveals modulation by age and microbiota

Non-circulating, tissue-resident T cells have been reported for non-lymphoid organs, but their characterization and regulation in secondary lymphoid organs (SLO) are still lacking. Here the authors show that age and microbiota both exert SLO-specific effects for the various tissue-resident T cell subsets

Utility of hyposmia and hypogeusia for the diagnosis of COVID-19

International audience[No abstract available