Unsaturated polyester resins: numerical solution of a system of equations able to describe both styrene and unsaturation consumption

International audienceIn this article, a numerical solution of a system of differential equations is proposed, able to describe the kinetic curing of a polyester resin in a temperature range between 336 K up to 363 K. The conversion degree of both styrene and polyester unsaturations were experimentally measured, in a preceding article, by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy; now we describe a more precise and correct theoretical calculation of the kinetic reactions relative to the experiments described in that previous article. This new calculation is based on the solution of the kinetic equations, based on free radicals polymerization reaction, instead of empirical formulas. The obtained results, relative to the conversion degree of both the components, show better agreement with the experimental values, both with respect to the usual kinetic model and also compared with a new empirical model that we proposed in the previous article, to fit the same set of experimental data. The comparison between the models was performed by hypothesis test. The parameters that characterize the propagation reactions were found to increase with increasing temperature, according to an Arrhenius law, leading to an activation energy between (98 ± 2) KJ/mol for the styrene and (110 ± 2)KJ/mol for polyester unsaturation, in the temperature range examined. We conjecture this system could be useful to monitor for each time, the consumption of the different species present in the kinetic reaction, and to refine the final thermo‐mechanical properties of the resins

MELBA: UNA BOA LAGRANGIANA PER LO STUDIO DEL MARE MEDITERRANEO. EQUAZIONE DEL MOTO E SUA SOLUZIONE NUMERICA

The MEditerranean Lagrangian Buoy Appliance project (MELBA) is a project oriented towards the realisation of an instrument (buoy) for the specific conformation of the Mediterranean area, which presents restricted spatial dimensions in many cases associated to a high variability of the sea-depth. The dynamic of the body-of-water flux, in the Mediterranean area, is affected by the deep-sea and coastal line high variability. The MELBA project purpose is the realisation of a profiling drifter, dedicated to the Mediterranean environment. The control system is improving taking into account the above considerations, for long and medium term missions, but also for very short, repetitive, coastal missions that are dedicated to short time and space scale biological, ecological or anti-pollution studies. The carrier is formed by a pressure hull containing the instrumentation, by the engine for the vertical moving, by the electronic control system for the mission handling and for the emergency system. The carrier is the base system for all mission typology. The only variation is to change the sensors and the relative data acquisition system for the specific mission. The provided communication system is a double way satellite channel. A Global Position System (GPS) will support this system. The GPS use is essential to the data geo-reference and to have the exact buoy position for all emersion and transmission of data. One of the most important features of MELBA buoy can be outlined in the control system. The control system is responsible for the realisation of the programmed missionLo scopo del progetto MELBA (Boa Lagrangiana derivante per il Mediterraneo) è la realizzazione di una boa derivante Lagrangiana, ovvero il cui moto segue i flussi di corrente marina, dedicata alla particolare morfologia del mare mediterraneo. Questi è infatti caratterizzato da rapide variazioni della profondità rispetto ai più piatti fondali oceanici; l’influenza della costa è, inoltre, determinante per le correnti marine: L’elemento di acqua inistudio riflette queste peculiarità. Il sistema di controllo di MELBA deve tenere presente queste considerazioni,sia per missioni di medio o lungo periodo, sia per missioni di breve periodo molto ripetitive e dedicate allo studio dell’ambiente marino costiero su scale spazio temporali brevi.La boa è formata da un tubo di alluminio, capace di resistere fino a 2000 metri di profondità e contenente il motore di ascesa e discesa (unico moto consentito alla boa), il sistema di comunicazione satellitare, nonché il sistema di controllo della missione. La strumentazione sensoristica accessoria è variabile in base al tipo di missione da eseguire che può comprendere misure di conducibilità, salinità, temperatura, clorofilla etc…Il sistema dicomunicazione, attraverso il quale la boa invia i dati misurati e riceve le nuove missioni conseguenti, è a due vie supportato tramite la costellazione satellitare Orbcom. Un gps (Global Position System) è integrato per la georeferenzazione dei dati misurati, una volta che la boa è emersa.Le novità principali di MELBA, rispetto a prodotti commerciali, sono due: L’utilizzo di una costellazione satellitare affidabile per lo scarico dei dati e la comunicazione a due vie che consentono all’operatore nel laboratorio di riprogrammare la missione della boa via satellite. La seconda è un sistema di controllo “intelligente” capace di intervenire in situazioni semplici mediante una serie di regole

Flocking Rules Governing Swarm Robot as Tool to Describe Continuum Deformation

International audienceIn robotic swarm the position of an element is often determined by the behaviour of its neighbours. Following this concept we have realized a tool able to give a visually plausible simulation of continuum deformation. Without solving Newton's equation we reproduced some behaviour of bi-dimensional deformable bodies both according to the standard Cauchy model and second gradient theory. Fracture can be easily managed. The tool has computational cost advantage and it is very flexible to adapt for complex geometry samples

TECSIS PROJECT: SUBMARINE CAMPAIGN IN NAPOLI ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA

International audienceThe project TECSIS (Diagnostic technologies and intelligent systems for the south Italy archaeological sites) was dealing with the concept of remote museum that is an extension of the virtual museum concept. The remote museum allows the use of the cultural goods also in hostile environmental (marine sites, caves) or in site where the human presence can damage the goods (site sensible to climate change or similar). The aim is the application of advanced new technologies in archaeological research, maintenance, supervision and valorisa-tion of the historical and artistic patrimony to help archaeologists in surveys of important sites and inspection of submarine finds; moreover the remote visual touring , possibly integrated with multimedia interactive instruments , can develop a new kind of tourism. This poster is concerning with some measurements performed during the marine campaign leaded by ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) in the archaeological sites in the Napoli's area, as suggested from the local authorities proposed to the protection of the sites. In particular we performed bathimetric and morphological measurements by Side Scan Sonar, Multi Beam EchoSounder integrated with camera vision. The visited sites were the city of Baia (Napoli), the Agrippa Postumo's villa (Sorrento), some columns close to Procida and a modern ship sink close to Ischia. All the measurements were georeferenced by GPS and local pinger to mark the position of the ROV

TECSIS PROJECT: SUBMARINE CAMPAIGN IN NAPOLI ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA

International audienceThe project TECSIS (Diagnostic technologies and intelligent systems for the south Italy archaeological sites) was dealing with the concept of remote museum that is an extension of the virtual museum concept. The remote museum allows the use of the cultural goods also in hostile environmental (marine sites, caves) or in site where the human presence can damage the goods (site sensible to climate change or similar). The aim is the application of advanced new technologies in archaeological research, maintenance, supervision and valorisa-tion of the historical and artistic patrimony to help archaeologists in surveys of important sites and inspection of submarine finds; moreover the remote visual touring , possibly integrated with multimedia interactive instruments , can develop a new kind of tourism. This poster is concerning with some measurements performed during the marine campaign leaded by ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) in the archaeological sites in the Napoli's area, as suggested from the local authorities proposed to the protection of the sites. In particular we performed bathimetric and morphological measurements by Side Scan Sonar, Multi Beam EchoSounder integrated with camera vision. The visited sites were the city of Baia (Napoli), the Agrippa Postumo's villa (Sorrento), some columns close to Procida and a modern ship sink close to Ischia. All the measurements were georeferenced by GPS and local pinger to mark the position of the ROV