Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Uterine Cervix Treated with Ultraradical Surgery: A Case Report

Primary melanomas of the uterine cervix are rare tumors with no more than 60 cases reported in the world literature. Poor prognosis is considered for the neoplasia itself as well as for diagnostic tardiness. There is no standard treatment; however, radical surgery is the treatment cornerstone. Our aim was to present the case of a 34-year-old woman with a primary malignant melanoma in the uterine cervix with affectation of the posterior face of the vagina without metastasis. Total infraelevator pelvic exenteration and adjuvant radiotherapy was performed. The patient was under surveillance for 8 years of followup without evidence of local or distant disease. The majority of case reports found suggests radical hysterectomy as the treatment indicated for these patients. Notwithstanding this, survival is very short when patients are treated in this manner. Based on our results and on those reported in the literature, we propose initial treatment with total pelvic exenteration as optimal management for this neoplasia in its initial form

Sexual steroid hormone receptors profiles of ovarian carcinoma in Mexican women

The significance of the presence of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor alpha (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in ovarian cancer patient survival has been a matter of numerous studies. This study was aimed to describe the expression profile of the three sexual steroid receptors in high-grade serous, endometrioid, mucinous and low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and its association to the proliferation index in patients with primary ovarian carcinoma diagnosis, before any treatment. Eighty-one samples were obtained from the National Institute of Cancerology in Mexico City and were evaluated for the presence of AR, ER, PR and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry. The four subtypes of ovarian carcinoma displays a specific profile of the eight possible combinations of the steroid receptors with significant differences within the profile and the histological subtypes. High-grade serous carcinoma was characterized by a high frequency of both, triple-negative and AR+ ER− PR+ profiles. Endometrioid carcinoma presented a higher frequency of triple-positive profile. The presence of only AR+ profile was not observed in the endometrioid tumors. The relationship of the receptor profile with the proliferation index in the tumor epithelium shows that the expression of only ER is associated to a reduced proliferation index in endometrioid carcinoma. Steroid hormone receptor expression and co-expression could help characterize ovarian carcinoma

Molecular Genetics of Renal Cell Tumors: A Practical Diagnostic Approach

Renal epithelial cell tumors are composed of a heterogeneous group of tumors with variable morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features. A “histo-molecular” approach is now an integral part of defining renal tumors, aiming to be clinically and therapeutically pertinent. Most renal epithelial tumors including the new and emerging entities have distinct molecular and genetic features which can be detected using various methods. Most renal epithelial tumors can be diagnosed easily based on pure histologic findings with or without immunohistochemical examination. Furthermore, molecular-genetic testing can be utilized to assist in arriving at an accurate diagnosis. In this review, we presented the most current knowledge concerning molecular-genetic aspects of renal epithelial neoplasms, which potentially can be used in daily diagnostic practice.Medicine, Faculty ofNon UBCPathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department ofReviewedFacult

Serous adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube, associated with verrocous carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a case report of synchronic rare gynecological tumors

Abstract Background Synchronous gynecological tumors are rare; it is even rarer to find the rarest of gynecological tumors that of the fallopian tube, together with a histological sub-type as rare as verrucous cervix. Case presentation We report a synchronic fallopian tube adenocarcinoma and a verrucous cervical cancer. A 85-year-old woman with postmenopausal genital hemorrhage, endometrial biopsy was reported as squamous metaplasia, an exploratory laparotomy was performed finding a tubal tumor diagnosed as adenocarcinoma, a staging procedure was performed. Final staging revealed IB1 cervical carcinoma and IA G3 fallopian tube carcinoma. Adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy was not accepted by the patient. The patient has remained in follow-up, and at 9 months, there has been no documented evidence of recurrent disease. Conclusion Reasons for our presentation of this work are: first, due to the rarity of these, and second, because of the usefulness of possessing a case report for establishing a norm for later behavior with respect to treatment of these patients.</p

Vulvar fibroadenoma: a common neoplasm in an uncommon site

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Vulvar fibroadenomas are sporadic lesions informed in the literature and a controversy about origin has been discussed widely. We report a case of a 19 years old woman with a large slow growing mass in the right labia majora with the final diagnosis of fibroadenoma with mammary tissue surrounding it and positive hormone receptors. In this case, we support the origin in ectopic mammary tissue.</p

microRNA Profile Associated with Positive Lymph Node Metastasis in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer

Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an important prognostic factor in cervical cancer (CC). In early stages, the risk of LNM is approximately 3.7 to 21.7%, and the 5-year overall survival decreases from 80% to 53% when metastatic disease is identified in the lymph nodes. Few reports have analyzed the relationship between miRNA expression and the presence of LNM. The aim of this study was to identify a subset of miRNAs related to LNM in early-stage CC patients. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were collected from patients with early-stage CC treated by radical hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy. We analyzed samples from two groups of patients&mdash;one group with LNM and the other without LNM. Global miRNA expression was identified by microarray analysis, and cluster analysis was used to determine a subset of miRNAs associated with LNM. Microarray expression profiling identified a subset of 36 differentially expressed miRNAs in the two groups (fold change (FC) &ge; 1.5 and p &lt; 0.01). We validated the expression of seven miRNAs; miR-487b, miR-29b-2-5p, and miR-195 were underexpressed, and miR-92b-5p, miR-483-5p, miR-4534, and miR-548ac were overexpressed according to the microarray experiments. This signature exhibited prognostic value for identifying early-stage CC patients with LNM. These findings may help detect LNM that cannot be observed in imaging studies