Forced Child Begging: Tools for an introductory training course on qualitative research methods

This document is part of a digital collection provided by the Martin P. Catherwood Library, ILR School, Cornell University, pertaining to the effects of globalization on the workplace worldwide. Special emphasis is placed on labor rights, working conditions, labor market changes, and union organizing.ASI_2009_CL_Albania_Forced_Tools.pdf: 74 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Begging for Change: Research findings and recommendations on forced child begging in Albania/Greece, India and Senegal

This document is part of a digital collection provided by the Martin P. Catherwood Library, ILR School, Cornell University, pertaining to the effects of globalization on the workplace worldwide. Special emphasis is placed on labor rights, working conditions, labor market changes, and union organizing.ASI_2009_CL_Albania_Begging_for_Change.pdf: 1139 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Forced Child Begging: A toolkit for researchers

This document is part of a digital collection provided by the Martin P. Catherwood Library, ILR School, Cornell University, pertaining to the effects of globalization on the workplace worldwide. Special emphasis is placed on labor rights, working conditions, labor market changes, and union organizing.ASI_2009_CL_Albania_Forced_Toolkit.pdf: 676 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Protect My Future: The Links Between Child Protection and Equity

The lack of care and protection facing children is a global crisis with billions of children experiencing abuse, neglect or exploitation, and many millions growing up outside of families, on the streets or in harmful institutional care. This lack of adequate care and protection is commonly the result of inequalities.Gender norms make girls especially vulnerable to sexual abuse and exploitation, early marriage and domestic work, and boys to hazardous child labour and detention. Children with disabilities, from ethnic minorities or living with or affected by HIV are more likely than their peers to suffer from a loss of care and protection, and income inequalities increase exposure to child labour and institutionalisation.Children without adequate care and protection are commonly stigmatised, and have inequitable access to education, health, social protection and justice. Combined with the long lasting impacts of neglect, abuse and institutionalisation, this lack of access to basic services severely diminishes life chances, creating a spiral of disadvantage.In order to break this spiral, a three-pronged strategy is required which sees: reductions in social and economic inequalities that have a major impact on children's care and protection; increased investments in strong and equitable national child protection systems and efforts to address the stigma and discrimination faced by children without adequate care and protection

How Public Is the Internet? A Conversation on the Nature of Human Interactions On-line and the Implications for Research Methods

In the past decade, ???virtual??? research???empirical investigations conducted via the Internet???has increased dramatically across a variety of disparate disciplines. Areas such as cybersecurity and encryption, digital government and citizenship, consumer health informatics, and user behavior in online spaces have emerged to become signature iSchool research areas, often shared with particular disciplinary heritages (e.g., computer science, political science and communication, public health, and sociology???respectively, but not exclusively). In addition, the field of Information Science is dominated by research developing or using emerging technologies. These new technologies often occupy a gray area in which ethical issues either have not been sufficiently well-defined or push against existing definitions. Questions surrounding the ???public??? nature of the internet and Web 2.0-era information technologies have also emerged and have become increasingly urgent given the tightening of federal, state and University regulations as they relate to the protection of human subjects. At the convergence of multiple disciplinary and methodological perspectives, Information Science researchers are well-positioned to become more active participants in both scholarly and institutional conversations regarding the appropriate risks and benefits that participants in online research studies might be subject to. Critiques of IRB inconsistencies exist, what we need is a thoughtful and thorough community response to the innately complex nature of virtual research and a map which can guide us towards the future and the study of twenty-first century systems, selves and societies. Our goal for this wildcard event, is to generate a lively and rigorous debate which accomplishes the following three goals: 1) extends the dialogue within the Information Science field concerning the beneficence and respect for participants in online research; 2) enumerates a set of best practices for iSchool researchers in relation to conducting approved research on-line and; 3) moves us towards the process of drafting an iSchool set of ethical guidelines related to virtual research

Feminist Bookshops, Reading Cultures and the Women’s Liberation Movement in Great Britain, c. 1974–2000

Historians of the Women’s Liberation Movement have long stressed its decentralised form, with a deliberate refusal of the infrastructure of leaders and formal institutions. Instead, like other social movements of the 1970s and 80s, periodicals, networks of friends, and informal meeting places tended to provide the impetus for the development and diffusion of feminist ideas and strategies of protest. This article examines the significant role that bookshops played in this process, as politicised and commercial spaces. Feminist bookselling is situated within a longer tradition of bookselling, and understood as part of a wider process of attempting to bring social justice concerns to bear within capitalist settings. The feasibility and effect of women-only principles in bookshop settings is explored; bookshops emerge as contentious sites of activism in their own right.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Oxford University Press via https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbw00

Fatigability and Recovery of Arm Muscles with Advanced Age for Dynamic and Isometric Contractions

This study determined whether age-related mechanisms can increase fatigue of arm muscles during maximal velocity dynamic contractions, as it occurs in the lower limb. We compared elbow flexor fatigue of young (n = 10, 20.8 ± 2.7 years) and old men (n = 16, 73.8 ± 6.1 years) during and in recovery from a dynamic and an isometric postural fatiguing task. Each task was maintained until failure while supporting a load equivalent to 20% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) torque. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to assess supraspinal fatigue (superimposed twitch, SIT) and muscle relaxation. Time to failure was longer for the old men than for the young men for the isometric task (9.5 ± 3.1 vs. 17.2 ± 7.0 min, P = 0.01) but similar for the dynamic task (6.3 ± 2.4 min vs. 6.0 ± 2.0 min, P = 0.73). Initial peak rate of relaxation was slower for the old men than for the young men, and was associated with a longer time to failure for both tasks (P \u3c 0.05). Low initial power during elbow flexion was associated with the greatest difference (reduction) in time to failure between the isometric task and the dynamic task (r = − 0.54, P = 0.015). SIT declined after both fatigue tasks similarly with age, although the recovery of SIT was associated with MVIC recovery for the old (both sessions) but not for the young men. Biceps brachii and brachioradialis EMG activity (% MVIC) of the old men were greater than that of the young men during the dynamic fatiguing task (P \u3c 0.05), but were similar during the isometric task. Muscular mechanisms and greater relative muscle activity (EMG activity) explain the greater fatigue during the dynamic task for the old men compared with the young men in the elbow flexor muscles. Recovery of MVC torque however relies more on the recovery of supraspinal fatigue among the old men than among the young men

Too Much Collateral Damage; FATCA: The Well-Intentioned, Yet Misguided and Unconstitutional, Tax Law

This paper will examine FATCA in five parts: beginning with an introduction in Part I, Part II will provide the pertinent background that gave rise to the law, Part III will present the essential elements of FATCA, Part IV will offer pertinent liberty and constitutional arguments against FATCA, and Part V will analyze each argument\u27s possibility of succeeding

Protect My Future: The Links Between Child Protection and Health and Survival In the Post-2015 Development Agenda

The current global crisis in children's protection and care is both intrinsically harmful to children and threatens the achievement of other rights and broader development goals (EveryChild et al 2010; BCN et al 2012). In this paper, we focus on the inter-dependence between efforts to reduce the exploitation, abuse and neglect of children and global goals on health and survival as articulated by the current Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). We argue that for the mutual benefit of both these areas, the framework that will replace the MDGs in 2015 must both continue to include a focus on health and child survival, and encompass particular goals and indicators on children's protection

Protect My Future: Why Child Protection Matters in the Post-2015 Development Agenda

This inter-agency paper is the culmination of a series on the links between child protection and major development goals, designed to feed into the thematic debates around the post-2015 development framework.The alarming impacts of child protection failures are likely to grow in significance unless something is done urgently. Global trends such as climate change, migration and urbanisation are all increasing children's vulnerability and governments are not investing enough resources in building and maintaining comprehensive child protection systems. Children around the world want more support to enable them to grow up free from violence, and within caring, safe families. It is therefore is essential that governments, UN agencies and other actors engaged in the design of the framework that will replace the current Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2015:1. Include a goal on child protection. For example: All children live a life free from all forms of violence, are protected in conflicts and disasters, and thrive in a safe family environment2. Listen to the voices of children, including vulnerable and commonly excluded groups such as those without adequate care and protection, in debates around the design of the post 2015 development framework and in the implementation and monitoring of this framework.3. Promote the equitable achievement of all other goals included in the post 2015 development framework through assessing progress within commonly excluded and discriminated against groups, including children without adequate care and protection