Splicing Forgeries Localization through the Use of First Digit Features

One of the principal problems in image forensics is determining if a particular image is authentic or not and, if manipulated, to localize which parts have been altered. In fact, localization is basic within the process of image examination because it permits to link the modified zone with the corresponding image area and, above all, with the meaning of it. Forensic instruments dealing with copy-move manipulation quite always provides a localization map, but, on the contrary, only a few tools, devised to detect a splicing operation, are able to give information about localization too. In this paper, a method to distinguish and then localize a single and a double JPEG compression in portions of an image through the use of the DCT coefficients first digit features and employing a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is proposed. Experimental results and a comparison with a state-of-the-art technique are provided to witness the performances offered by the proposed method in terms of forgery localizatio

Blind image clustering based on the Normalized Cuts criterion for camera identification

Camera identification is a well known problem in image forensics, addressing the issue to identify the camera a digital image has been shot by. In this paper, we pose our attention to the task of clustering images, belonging to a heterogenous set, in groups coming from the same camera and of doing this in a blind manner; this means that side information neither about the sources nor, above all, about the number of expected clusters is requested. A novel methodology based on Normalized Cuts (NC) criterion is presented and evaluated in comparison with other state-of-the-art techniques, such as Multi-Class Spectral Clustering (MCSC) and Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering (HAC). The proposed method well fits the problem of blind image clustering because it does not a priori require the knowledge of the amount of classes in which the dataset has to be divided but it needs only a stop threshold; such a threshold has been properly defined by means of a ROC curves approach by relying on the goodness of cluster aggregation. Several experimental tests have been carried out in different operative conditions and the proposed methodology globally presents superior performances in terms of clustering accuracy and robustness as well as a reduced computational burden

Copyright Protection of Digital Images of Cultural Heritage

This Chapter is dedicated to present digital watermarking technology and mainly to propose how it can be used to protect digital documents (copyright protection). In the field of Cultural Heritage (CH), the protection of images is a crucial issue, stated the importance of their diffusion, both with dissemination aims and in order to attract visitors to real museums. Digital marking techniques are a key application for the protection of Cultural Heritage digital images. In the following, digital marking techniques are presented, with particular attention to the \u201cperceptual\u201d invisibility of the mark (in order to not deteriorate the image itself) and \u201crobustness\u201d (the strength of the mark, that is its resistance to be removed). Examples concerning art-works of the Polo Museale Fiorentino are shown

SMARTVINO project: When wine can benefit from ICT

SMARTVINO project is devoted to the study and implementation of innovative services able to convey information related to wine and its traceability to costumers and consumers. The basic idea is to realize a simple and user-friendly tool, addressed to all kind of users and therefore immediately effective for everyone. SMARTVINO system allows users to take a photo of the previously marked company logo, depicted on the wine label, by a ordinarily known smartphone and then redirected to lots of detailed information related to the wine they are buying or drinking. Contents can concern the productive process, the vine variety the wine is made by, the geo-spatial localization of the vineyards, recommendations about which course is the most appropriate to be coupled with the wine, etc; in general, all the information or suggestions the producing winery wants to share with its customers. Such information can be in form of text, images, videos and web pages. The project is still on-going at the date of writing. Next activities will be dedicated to draft a detailed plan for the commercial use of results. This paper is devoted to present the outcomes of the project and how these can be exploited in wine scenario