6,480 research outputs found
A Waiting Room of Their Own: The Family Care Network as a Model for Providing Gender-Specific Legal Services to Women with HIV
Coherent modes of X-ray beams emitted by undulators in new storage rings
Synchrotron radiation emitted by electrons passing through an undulator
placed in a storage ring is decomposed in coherent modes. The case of ultimate
storage rings where the electron emittance is comparable to the emittance of
the photon fan is analyzed by means of the cross spectral density and the
coherent mode spectrum. The proposed method permits naturally the statistical
analysis and propagation of the cross spectral density along the beamline
optics. The coherence properties of the X-ray beam at any point of the beamline
are completely given in terms of the eigenvalues and coherent modes of the
cross spectral density.Comment: 5 pages, 6 Figures, 17 reference
Cochrane acute respiratory infections group's stakeholder engagement project identified systematic review priority areas
Objective: Cochrane acute respiratory infections (ARIs) group conducts systematic reviews of the evidence for treatment and prevention of ARIs. We report the results of a prioritization project, aiming to identify highest priority systematic review topics. Study Design/Setting: The project consisted of two phases. Phase 1 analyzed the gap between existing randomized controlled trials and Cochrane systematic reviews (reported previously). Phase 2 (reported here) consisted of a two-round survey. In round 1, respondents prioritized 68 topics and suggested up to 10 additional topics; in round 2, respondents prioritized top 25 topics from round 1. Results: Respondents included clinicians, researchers, systematic reviewers, allied health, patients, and carers, from 33 different countries. In round 1, 154 respondents identified 20 priority topics, most commonly selecting topics in nonspecific ARIs, influenza, and common cold. Fifty respondents also collectively suggested 134 additional topics. In round 2, 78 respondents prioritized top 25 topics, most commonly in the areas of nonspecific ARIs, pneumonia, and influenza. Conclusion: We generated a list of priority systematic review topics to guide the Cochrane ARI group's systematic review work for the next 24 months. Stakeholder involvement enhanced the transparency of the process and will increase the usability and relevance of the group's work to stakeholders
True Detective: A Deep Abductive Reasoning Benchmark Undoable for GPT-3 and Challenging for GPT-4
Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated solid zero-shot reasoning
capabilities, which is reflected in their performance on the current test
tasks. This calls for a more challenging benchmark requiring highly advanced
reasoning ability to be solved. In this paper, we introduce such a benchmark,
consisting of 191 long-form (1200 words on average) mystery narratives
constructed as detective puzzles. Puzzles are sourced from the "5 Minute
Mystery" platform and include a multiple-choice question for evaluation. Only
47% of humans solve a puzzle successfully on average, while the best human
solvers achieve over 80% success rate. We show that GPT-3 models barely
outperform random on this benchmark (with 28% accuracy) while state-of-the-art
GPT-4 solves only 38% of puzzles. This indicates that there is still a
significant gap in the deep reasoning abilities of LLMs and humans and
highlights the need for further research in this area. Our work introduces a
challenging benchmark for future studies on reasoning in language models and
contributes to a better understanding of the limits of LLMs' abilities.Comment: 5 pages, to appear at *SE
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