22 research outputs found
Pre-existing Proton Pump Inhibitor Treatment and Short-Term Prognosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients
IntroductionEvidence suspects proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is a risk factor of poor prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to investigate the association between pre-existing PPI use before emergency department (ED) visit and short-term prognosis of AMI patients.Materials and MethodsAMI patients admitted to ED were included and categorized as cohorts with or without pre-existing PPI use. Hospital mortality, length of hospital stay, being admitted to intensive care unit (ICU), and length of (total) ICU stay were studied as prognostic outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression or linear regression were used to estimate the associations between pre-existing PPI use and the outcomes after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsA total of 2001 AMI patients were included. No significant difference was found in hospital mortality and length of ICU stay between cohorts; patients with pre-existing PPI use showed a significantly longer length of hospital stay (median 3.81 vs. 3.20 days, P = 0.002) but lower proportion of being admitted to ICU (25.59% vs. 40.83%, P < 0.001) compared to those without pre-existing PPI use. Pre-existing PPI use was not associated with hospital mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58–1.99], length of hospital stay (β = 0.23, 95% CI −0.35 to 0.82), and length of ICU stay (β = −0.18, 95% CI −1.06 to 0.69), but was statistically significantly associated with lower risk of being admitted to ICU (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.52–0.92).ConclusionThe current study does not support newly diagnosed AMI patients with pre-existing PPI use before ED visit would experience worse short-term prognosis than those without
Products and Commutators of Martingales in and
Let and be two
martingales related to the probability space
equipped with the filtration Assume that
is in the martingale Hardy space and is in its dual space, namely
the martingale Then the semi-martingale may be written as the sum Here with for any ,
where . The authors prove that is a process with
bounded variation and limit in while belongs to the martingale
Hardy-Orlicz space associated with the Orlicz function
The above
bilinear decomposition is sharp in the sense that, for
particular martingales, the space cannot be replaced by a
smaller space having a larger dual. As an application, the authors characterize
the largest subspace of , denoted by with , such
that the commutators with classical sublinear operators are
bounded from to . This endpoint boundedness of commutators allow
the authors to give more applications. On the one hand, in the martingale
setting, the authors obtain the endpoint estimates of commutators for both
martingale transforms and martingale fractional integrals. On the other hand,
in harmonic analysis, the authors establish the endpoint estimates of
commutators both for the dyadic Hilbert transform beyond doubling measures and
for the maximal operator of Ces\`{a}ro means of Walsh--Fourier series.Comment: 42 pages, Submitte
Research on safety analysis for airborne system based on extended functional model
With the widespread use of embedded system in safety critical areas, system safety assurance has become one of the research hotspots of engineering technologies. System safety analysis mainly concentrates on the requirement specification and the recent design, and in the process of the actual development of the software, safety requirement analysis and design are two independent processes. This article expands the safety requirements described by fault tree into state diagram and proposes the new concept “fault state diagram,” which can unify safety requirement model and functional model. Based on the fault state diagram, this article proposes the method of airborne system safety analysis, including the following: gives out one method for abstracting and describing safety requirements from system fault tree based on Backus Normal Form; defines the transformation rules from fault tree logic gates and continuous time into state diagram elements; designs safety requirement information mapping table which translates safety requirements into state diagram elements; and designs the automatic construction algorithm of fault state diagram, which is based on the transformation rules and mapping table. Finally, a small gas stove control system case using the method proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method
A Numerical Simulation Analysis on Bionic Robot Fish Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Method
Experimental investigation on an energy-efficient floor heating system with intelligent control: A case study in Chengdu, China
The space heating system accounts for 20%~50% of building energy consumption, and may lead to energy waste due to unreasonable controls. In this study, an energy-efficient floor heating system with intelligent control was proposed to improve energy efficiency of the system. In order to validate the concept of the proposed intelligent control, an experimental system was designed and constructed in Chengdu, China. Temperature, control cycle and energy consumption were then studied under different control strategies. The result shows that a larger flow rate of supply water will result in a longer control cycle and a lower control frequency, i.e., the average control cycle at 7 L min−1 is 1.7 h during the test day, while it is 1.5 h at 5 L min−1. Moreover, adopting water with a higher temperature and flow rate could achieve a higher efficiency of the system. The energy consumptions in case 1 (5 L min−1, 50 °C), case 2 (5 L min−1, 55 °C), case 5 (7 L min−1, 55 °C) and case 6 (7 L min−1, 60 °C) are 4746 kJ, 3534 kJ, 3093 kJ and 3028 kJ, respectively. Based on the experimental data, the supply water temperature is suggested to set lower than 60 °C considering human comfort
White-emitting phosphors Ca6La2Na2(PO4)6F2:Dy3+ and luminescence enhancement through Ce3+ → Dy3+ energy transfer
Decreased Frequencies of Th17 and Tc17 Cells in Patients Infected with Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Virus
The outbreak of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection, with a high mortality rate, has caused concern worldwide. Although interleukin-17- (IL-17-) secreting CD4+ T (Th17) and CD8+ T (Tc17) cells have been proven to play crucial roles in influenza virus infection, the changes and roles of Th17 and Tc17 cells in immune responses to H7N9 infection remain controversial. In this study, we found that the frequencies of Th17 and Tc17 cells among human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as well as IL-17A protein and mRNA levels were markedly decreased in patients with acute H7N9 virus infection. A positive correlation was found between the serum IL-17A level and the frequency of these two cell groups. In vitro infection experiments revealed decreased Th17 and Tc17 cell frequency and IL-17A levels at various time points postinfection. In addition, Th17 cells were the predominant sources of IL-17A in PBMCs of patients infected with H7N9 virus. Taken together, our results indicate immune disorder in acute H7N9 infection and a restored Th17 and Tc17 cell frequency might serve as a biomarker for predicting recovery in patients infected with this virus