Phylogenetic and Diversity Analysis of Dactylis glomerata Subspecies Using SSR and IT-ISJ Markers

The genus Dactylis, an important forage crop, has a wide geographical distribution in temperate regions. While this genus is thought to include a single species, Dactylis glomerata, this species encompasses many subspecies whose relationships have not been fully characterized. In this study, the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of nine representative Dactylis subspecies were examined using SSR and IT-ISJ markers. In total, 21 pairs of SSR primers and 15 pairs of IT-ISJ primers were used to amplify 295 polymorphic bands with polymorphic rates of 100%. The average polymorphic information contents (PICs) of SSR and IT-ISJ markers were 0.909 and 0.780, respectively. The combined data of the two markers indicated a high level of genetic diversity among the nine D. glomerata subspecies, with a Nei’s gene diversity index value of 0.283 and Shannon’s diversity of 0.448. Preliminarily phylogenetic analysis results revealed that the 20 accessions could be divided into three groups (A, B, C). Furthermore, they could be divided into five clusters, which is similar to the structure analysis with K = 5. Phylogenetic placement in these three groups may be related to the distribution ranges and the climate types of the subspecies in each group. Group A contained eight accessions of four subspecies, originating from the west Mediterranean, while Group B contained seven accessions of three subspecies, originating from the east Mediterranean

Optimal Dispatch of Regional Integrated Heating and Power System Based on Differential Thermal Inertia Model

As the physical carrier of Energy Internet, regional integrated energy system (RIES) has become an important role for improving comprehensive energy utilization efficiency. First, a subtle thermodynamic model of buildings and water-heating network was constructed based on differential thermal inertia model. Different from the traditional single-layer wall thermal inertial model, this paper constructed multi-layer wall thermal model. Then, an optimization scheme combining electricity and heat was established. The optimization results show that, compared with the traditional single-layer wall thermal inertia model, the proposed multi-layer wall thermal inertia model has better performance. The proposed comprehensive energy optimization scheme can reduce the cost of electricity while maintaining indoor comfort, and can provide a reference for the system operation status for distribution network dispatching

Optimal Dispatch of Regional Integrated Heating and Power System Based on Differential Thermal Inertia Model

As the physical carrier of Energy Internet, regional integrated energy system (RIES) has become an important role for improving comprehensive energy utilization efficiency. First, a subtle thermodynamic model of buildings and water-heating network was constructed based on differential thermal inertia model. Different from the traditional single-layer wall thermal inertial model, this paper constructed multi-layer wall thermal model. Then, an optimization scheme combining electricity and heat was established. The optimization results show that, compared with the traditional single-layer wall thermal inertia model, the proposed multi-layer wall thermal inertia model has better performance. The proposed comprehensive energy optimization scheme can reduce the cost of electricity while maintaining indoor comfort, and can provide a reference for the system operation status for distribution network dispatching.</jats:p

Phylogenetic and Diversity Analysis of Dactylis glomerata Subspecies Using SSR and IT-ISJ Markers

The genus Dactylis, an important forage crop, has a wide geographical distribution in temperate regions. While this genus is thought to include a single species, Dactylis glomerata, this species encompasses many subspecies whose relationships have not been fully characterized. In this study, the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of nine representative Dactylis subspecies were examined using SSR and IT-ISJ markers. In total, 21 pairs of SSR primers and 15 pairs of IT-ISJ primers were used to amplify 295 polymorphic bands with polymorphic rates of 100%. The average polymorphic information contents (PICs) of SSR and IT-ISJ markers were 0.909 and 0.780, respectively. The combined data of the two markers indicated a high level of genetic diversity among the nine D. glomerata subspecies, with a Nei’s gene diversity index value of 0.283 and Shannon’s diversity of 0.448. Preliminarily phylogenetic analysis results revealed that the 20 accessions could be divided into three groups (A, B, C). Furthermore, they could be divided into five clusters, which is similar to the structure analysis with K = 5. Phylogenetic placement in these three groups may be related to the distribution ranges and the climate types of the subspecies in each group. Group A contained eight accessions of four subspecies, originating from the west Mediterranean, while Group B contained seven accessions of three subspecies, originating from the east Mediterranean