Assessment of the cutaneous immune response during Arthroderma benhamiae and Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii infection using an experimental mouse model

peer reviewe

ARanatomy, an Augmented Reality Application Dedicated to Anatomy and Histology Teaching. an Educational Innovation with High Potential in Different Educational Strategies

peer reviewedAnatomy and histology are cornerstones of preclinical education for health professionals. However, students may not fully perceive the importance of these disciplines and therefore may not develop a sufficient level of competence. To facilitate learning and increase efficiency, 3D environments using augmented reality (AR) recently emerge as educational strategies. They seem to improve knowledge and create an environment conducive to learning. Therefore, we have developed an AR application that integrate anatomy and histology, based on anatomical reality, able to scalable and usable in hybrid teaching. Reference patient DICOM data were transformed into .obj formats using the 3D slicer software and imported into the blender, while zbrush, autodesk maya and substance software were used to optimize the skeleton, urinary cavities, and vascular structures. Bone images obtained by photogrammetry were superimposed on this reconstruction. To this basic structure, relevant anatomical and histological structures with a high degree of scientific fidelity have been integrated. A feasibility study was carried out to assess the technical aspects, the ways to introduce the app to the students and the potential for its implementation in educational strategies. First, a technical test was performed with 500 first-year medical students. From 202 respondents, 31% of them encountered technical difficulties mostly related to functionalities. We are nevertheless optimistic about the tool potential because almost half of the students (47% of respondents) have found it very useful to better visualize the 3D aspects and the relationships between organs. A second feasibility study investigated the tool handling. 41 second-year medical students were randomly assigned to three protocols: one totally autonomous, one autonomous after watching an explanatory video and another supervised by a teacher. The handling was evaluated by questions requiring the use of all the app functionalities. The most successful group is the one that used the explanatory video, followed by the accompanied group and then the working independently group. The survey showed that the students experienced technical difficulties to display the model (20%) and the observation levels (11%), to perform rotations (40%) and zooms (17%). The tool potential was underlined as 91% find the app useful. Aspects relating to anatomy and histology integration (34%), 3D visualization (28%) and topography (17%) are mentioned in the free answers. Several anatomical visualizations in the same tool, displaying areas of interest and superimposing histological images are estimated useful by all of the involved students (100%). Finally, 97% of students have a general positive opinion qualifying the app as promising, useful, fun, integrative, congruent with morphology courses. This view is tempered by difficulties related to technical stability. In conclusion, the difficulties encountered are explained by the fact that the tool is still in the optimization phase. The app potential was undeniably highlighted. The integration of anatomy and histology in the same learning tool is a real opportunity. Indeed, while most students approach anatomy as a compartmentalized memorization task, those who combine it with understanding, integration with other disciplines and visualization at different levels seems to have a better acquisition of knowledge. This aspect will be investigated in the future.4. Quality educatio

HistoWeb - Etudier l'histologie dans une nouvelle écologie d'apprentissage

HistoWeb targets the transformation of the professional tool Cytomineinto a comprehensive and innovative teaching platform, valuing the notions of learning ecology and new learning dimensions seeking for lifelong competencies. The poster was released at the Digital Learning round table, organized by the European Commission around H2020 funding instruments and call 2 "ICT-20 Technologies for better human learning"Appel Germaine Tillio

Use of Vandenberg and Kuse Mental Rotation Test to Predict Practical Performance of Sinus Endoscopy

peer reviewe

A Massive Open Oneline Course (MOOC) on pratical histology: A goal, a tool, a large public ! Return on a first experience,Un « Massive Open Online Course » (MOOC) sur des travaux pratiques en histologie: un objectif, un outil, un public varié ! Retour sur une première expérience

Un objectif ! Le MOOC intitulé « Introduction à l’histologie, exploration des tissus du corps humain » reflète notre vision de la pratique de l’Histologie générale qui repose sur la capacité à diagnostiquer les 5 familles de tissus biologiques. À terme, les participants doivent être capables de reconnaître les différents types cellulaires et tous les éléments qui les entourent afin de comprendre comment ils s’organisent entre eux pour former des tissus aux fonctions spécifiques. Un outil ! Ce savoir-faire s’appuie sur la construction d’un raisonnement à partir d’observations de structures microscopiques. Pour ce faire, les apprenants sont invités à manipuler un microscope virtuel pour explorer des prélèvements biologiques sur lames histologiques digitalisées. Des annotations, commentaires, dessins ou photos sont associés à des repères qui enrichissent l’étude de ces coupes histologiques. Un public cible ! Deux parcours pédagogiques permettent d’approfondir différemment la matière et de correspondre ainsi aux objectifs ou motivations de chacun. Après une première année d’expérience, les statistiques d’utilisation et des sondages réalisés auprès de nos apprenants montrent que le MOOC Histo a permis à chacun d’eux d’y trouver un intérêt et de fédérer une communauté d’apprenants motivés

Un MOOC dedicated to histological practical work

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Implication des cellules folliculaires dendritiques dans les maladies à prions

In prion diseases, FDCs seem to be the major sites of extraneuronal cellular prion protein (PrPc) expression and the principal sites of the infectious agent (PrPres) accumulation in lymph organs. Two ways of research has been considered: firstly, a new monoclonal antibody directed against bovine follicular dendritic cells (FDC-B1) developed in our laboratory has been characterised. We have shown that the antigen detected by FDC-B1 is expressed exclusively on FDCs surface of ruminants’ lymphoid organs. This protein seems to be a membrane glycoprotein of more or less 28 kDa whose sequence will be soon under determination. FDC-B1 will be a precious tool to detect FDC implication in scrapie infected sheep and in bovine spongiform affected cows. Secondly, the expression of PrPc isoforms has been analysed on bovine FDC depleted and enriched fractions and has been compared to bovine brain extracts. We demonstrated variation in the PrPc patterns of glycosylation between bovine FCD depleted and enriched cell populations. Moreover, glycosyl residues seemed to be different between immune and neuronal PrPc. As interaction of PrPc and PrPres appears to be a crucial pathogenic step promoted by homology, variation in PrPc glycoforms could explain the absence of infectivity in most bovine lymph organs affected by bovine spongiform encephalopathy