Distribution of independent variables¹.

1<p>Missing values were <3% for all variables.</p

Relative risk for receiving a postnatal home visit within 3 days after birth.

<p>Relative risk for receiving a postnatal home visit within 3 days after birth.</p

Country context.

<p><b>Note:</b> Data for proportion of health facility births in Malawi is from 2010; all other data under the columns marked 2011 is from 2011.</p

Newborn care content of postnatal home visits within 3 days after delivery.

1<p>In Malawi, women were asked what was done by an HSA during any home visit; it was assumed that all reported actions applied to visits that occurred within 3 days of delivery for newborns that received multiple visits.</p>2<p>Counseling on breastfeeding included observation, demonstration, or assessment of breastfeeding.</p>3<p>Check the cord, counsel on breastfeeding, check temperature, and weigh baby were collected in both countries. Counseling on danger signs is excluded since it was only collected in Malawi.</p

Proportion of mothers¹ and newborns receiving CHW home visits in the first week after birth.

<p>This figure shows the percent of mothers and newborns that received a home visit from a community health worker within 0–3 days after birth and 4–7 days after birth in each of the 3 countries included in the analysis – Bangladesh, Malawi, and Nepal. ¹In Nepal, separate questions were asked about postnatal care for the mother and newborn. The woman was asked about only the first two post-discharge checks on her health, but was asked about the first three post-discharge checks for her newborn. Thus the percentage of women visited at home within three days after the birth appears lower than the percentage of newborns visited (41.3% versus 49.6%). Therefore, questions on post-discharge care for the baby were used to calculate the dependent variable in Nepal.</p

Community worker characteristics and home visit schedule, content, and incentives.

1<p>Catchment area population size varies in Nepal depending on terrain; 400 population is based on Terai region such as Bardiya.</p

Recommended indicators for care behaviors and practices for newborns.

<p>Surveys will vary in period of recall. Typically, DHS surveys use a recall period of five years, while MICS surveys use a two-year period. Interviewer records all substances put on the cord from cutting until it falls off. Harmful substances are determined locally and split out during analysis.</p

Postnatal care indicator: measurement issues and advances.

<p>Postnatal care indicator: measurement issues and advances.</p

Proportion of women who received postnatal care within two days of delivery by time of first visit, DHS survey data 2005–2011 [<b>18</b>].

<p>Proportion of women who received postnatal care within two days of delivery by time of first visit, DHS survey data 2005–2011 <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001415#pmed.1001415-MEASURE1" target="_blank">[<b>18</b>]</a>.</p

Standard questionnaire for measuring coverage of immediate newborn care.

<p>Standard questionnaire for measuring coverage of immediate newborn care.</p