Do the shuffle: Changes in <i>Symbiodinium</i> consortia throughout juvenile coral development - Fig 4

<p><b><i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype composition in various <i>Porites astreoides</i> life stages reared <i>in situ</i> (A) and <i>ex situ</i> (B).</b> (A) <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype composition of shallow <i>P</i>. <i>astreoides</i> adults, their brooded planulae, and newly settled juveniles reared <i>in situ</i> on shallow (10 m) and upper mesophotic (30 m) reefs. <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype frequencies differed significantly between (1) adults and planulae, (2) planulae and juveniles transplanted to the shallow reef, (3) planulae and juveniles transplanted to the upper mesophotic reef, and (4) between juveniles transplanted to the different depths. There was no difference in <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype frequencies between adults and juveniles transplanted to different depths. (B) <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype composition of planulae and <i>ex situ</i>, reared juvenile <i>P</i>. <i>astreoides</i>. No difference was found in <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype frequency of (1) planulae or juveniles from different parental depths or (2) between planulae and juvenile.</p

Map of shallow (10 m) and upper mesophotic (30 m) sampling sites in Bermuda.

<p>Sites were used for adult <i>Porites astreoides</i> colony collection and juvenile transplantation.</p

PCR primers used in this study.

<p>PCR primers used in this study.</p

Specific growth of <i>in situ</i> and <i>ex situ</i> reared <i>Porites astreoides</i>.

<p>Specific growth of juvenile <i>P</i>. <i>astreoides</i> reared on shallow (10 m) and upper mesophotic (30 m) reefs (<i>in situ</i>) did not differ using transplant depth and <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype combinations as factors (left). Specific growth of shallow and upper mesophotic juvenile <i>P</i>. <i>astreoides</i> reared in outdoor aquaria (<i>ex situ</i>) also did not differ (right). Both treatments of <i>in situ</i> reared juveniles (left) had significantly higher growth rates than both treatments of <i>ex situ</i> reared juveniles (right). Shaded bars represent mean specific growth (% growth d^-1) ± SE.</p

Tukey-type multiple comparison of proportions of <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype frequencies in <i>P</i>. <i>astreoides</i> life stages.

<p>Tukey-type multiple comparison of proportions of <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype frequencies in <i>P</i>. <i>astreoides</i> life stages.</p

<i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype composition of field-collected shallow and upper mesophotic adult <i>Porites astreoides</i>.

<p>There was no significant difference in <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype frequency between depths.</p

Flow-through of experimental design for experiments 1 and 2.

<p>In Experiment 1, <i>Symbiodinium</i> consortia were determined for shallow and upper mesophotic <i>Porites astreoides</i> adult colonies and planulae. Juveniles of shallow parental origin were reared <i>in situ</i> on the shallow and upper mesophotic reef and were examined for specific growth rates and <i>Symbiodinium</i> phylotype combinations. In Experiment 2, <i>Symbiodinium</i> consortia and specific growth rates were determined for shallow and upper mesophotic planulae and <i>ex situ</i> reared juveniles.</p