361 research outputs found
Literary Laughter and Lewdness: Bakhtin\u27s Theory of the Carnivalesque in Shakespeare\u27s As You Like It
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Factors effecting achievement in ESEA Title I schools and non-ESEA Title I schools.
How Ordering of Assignments Can Influence Beliefs About the Self and How These Beliefs Can Impact on Student Class Performance
This research examines whether the ordering of the difficulty of exams can influence student beliefs about their academic abilities and the impact of these beliefs on their performance. The ordering of the difficulty of test items has shown to affect performance. Study One (n=91) examined college student differences in reaction to a difficult and an easy exam. Results suggest that the ordering of difficulty of exams may influence self-efficacy of students. Study Two (n = 178) examines whether this self-efficacy (and other beliefs about the self) can impact college student performance on actual exam scores over time. The results of this research suggest that the ordering of difficulty of assignments can affect studentâs self-efficacy about the class. It finds that the impact on self-efficacy may affect overall performance early in the class but that this impact may not be long lasting. This is due to the positive evidence received later in the course that may contradict initial low performance and give confidence in the studentâs ability to achieve high performance. The results have implications for segments of the student population that may be disproportionately impacted by self-perceptions such as the first generation student. Cette recherche examine dans quelle mesure le classement des examens selon leur difficultĂ© influence les croyances des Ă©tudiants par rapport Ă leurs habiletĂ©s acadĂ©miques dâune part, et lâimpact de ces croyances sur leur performance dâautre part. Il a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©montrĂ© que le classement des items dâun examen en fonction de leur difficultĂ© a une incidence sur la performance. Ătude #1 (n=91) porte sur les diffĂ©rences dans les rĂ©actions dâĂ©tudiants dâuniversitĂ© Ă un examen difficile et Ă un examen facile. Les rĂ©sultats portent Ă croire que lâordre de prĂ©sentation des examens selon leur difficultĂ© peut influencer lâauto-efficacitĂ© des Ă©tudiants. Ătude #2 (n=178) Ă©value dans quelle mesure cette auto-efficacitĂ© (et dâautres croyances relatives Ă soi) influence, Ă la longue, la performance aux examens des Ă©tudiants universitaires. Les rĂ©sultats semblent indiquer que la prĂ©sentation des examens en fonction de leur difficultĂ© peut affecter la perception dâauto-efficacitĂ© chez les Ă©tudiants et que cet impact peut avoir des incidences sur la performance globale au dĂ©but du cours mais que celles-ci peuvent ĂȘtre de courte durĂ©e. Ce phĂ©nomĂšne sâexplique par les indications positives qui peuvent venir contredire le faible rendement initial et rehausser la confiance des Ă©tudiants en leur capacitĂ© de bien rĂ©ussir. Ces rĂ©sultats comportent des implications touchant les secteurs de la population estudiantine qui pourraient ĂȘtre affectĂ©s de maniĂšre disproportionnĂ©e par leur image de soi, tels les Ă©tudiants de premiĂšre gĂ©nĂ©ration
The state of psychosocial services in cancer care in the United States
Objective In 2009, the APOS commissioned a survey of its members and attendees of the annual meetings in 2008 and 2009. The goal of the survey was to assess the scope of psychosocial support services for cancer patients in the USA. Methods Two hundred thirtyâthree individuals (27% response rate) completed the survey, which included questions assessing the extent to which respondents' institutions provided informational and psychosocial support services and conducted screening for psychosocial distress. Results Respondents were primarily psychologists, although oncologists, nurses, social workers, and others were represented, as well. A broad array of informational and support services were endorsed as being provided to cancer patients, both at no charge or for a fee. Respondents identified social workers as the professionals most often providing psychosocial services to cancer patients. Respondents also indicated that most psychosocial services have not been tailored to fit a culturally diverse population. Furthermore, most of the organizations represented in the survey do not routinely screen cancer patients for psychosocial distress. Conclusions A broad range of psychosocial services are provided in cancer treatment settings; however, despite National Comprehensive Cancer Network and Institute of Medicine recommendations, routine screening for distress is not offered in a majority of cancer care organizations. Despite the racial, ethnic, cultural, and linguistic diversity of the US population, most organizations have not adapted their educational materials nor their psychosocial services to meet the needs of a diverse patient population. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/96770/1/pon3057.pd
Associations Between Social Media and Well-Being and Sleep Quality in Medical and Health Professions
This study was conducted to assess associations between social media use and overall well-being and sleep quality in medical and health professions graduate students. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to examine demographic information, social media use, and health behaviors and outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between sleep quality and potential covariates and/or independent variables, while proportional odds regression was performed to analyze potential associations between emotional wellbeing and independent variables. Survey respondents were more likely to have a low or depressed mood if they used social media as a way to help them sleep [odds ratio=2.1, 95% confidence interval = (1.0, 4.2)]. Participants who used social media to help them sleep also had poorer sleep quality than those who did not use social media for that purpose [odds ratio=2.3, 95% confidence interval= (1.1, 4.7)]. In addition, individuals who used social media to obtain health-related advice or information were 2.8 times [95% confidence interval= (1.4, 5.8)] more likely to have poor sleep quality compared to those who did not use social media for health-related advice or information. These study results expound upon the relationship between social media use and health outcomes in medical and graduate students
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