5 research outputs found
Immunohistochemical assessment of human bone marrow macrophages in hematologic disorders
Serum factor from diabetic patients with or without retinopathy stimulates superoxide anion production by normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Peroxidase Enzymes Regulate Collagen Biosynthesis and Matrix Mineralization by Cultured Human Osteoblasts
Identification of a novel IL-5 signaling pathway in chronic pancreatitis and tumor cells
Growth factor pleiotropy is controlled by a receptor Tyr/Ser motif that acts as a binary switch
Copyright © 2006 by the European Molecular Biology OrganizationPleiotropism is a hallmark of cytokines and growth factors; yet, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. We have identified a motif in the granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor receptor composed of a tyrosine and a serine residue that functions as a binary switch for the independent regulation of multiple biological activities. Signalling occurs either through Ser585 at lower cytokine concentrations, leading to cell survival only, or through Tyr577 at higher cytokine concentrations, leading to cell survival as well as proliferation, differentiation or functional activation. The phosphorylation of Ser585 and Tyr577 is mutually exclusive and occurs via a unidirectional mechanism that involves protein kinase A and tyrosine kinases, respectively, and is deregulated in at least some leukemias. We have identified similar Tyr/Ser motifs in other cell surface receptors, suggesting that such signalling switches may play important roles in generating specificity and pleiotropy in other biological systems.Mark A Guthridge, Jason A Powell, Emma F Barry, Frank C Stomski, Barbara J McClure, Hayley Ramshaw, Fernando A Felquer, Mara Dottore, Daniel T Thomas, Bik To, C Glenn Begley and Angel F Lope