LIXÃO DO AURÁ EM BELÉM-PA E A POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS: TRATAMENTO JURÍDICO DADO AOS CATADORES

A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), normatizada pela Lei nº 12.305/2010 e regulamentada pelo Decreto nº 7.404/2010, instituiu diversas incumbências aos gestores públicos dentre elas a de inserir os catadores de resíduos sólidos nesse processo. Assim, foi realizado um estudo objetivando analisar o tratamento jurídico dado aos catadores em áreas de lixões conforme postula a PNRS, fazendo uma ponte de estudo ao Lixão do Aurá, localizado em Belém-PA. Os resultados demonstraram que o Poder Público Municipal ainda não se adequou à referida legislação, apesar de ter assinado um Termo de Ajustamento de Conduta junto ao Ministério Público Estadual (MPE) em 2013, que prevê a elaboração do Plano Intermunicipal de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos e a eliminação do atual lixão, além da inclusão dos catadores no sistema formal de trabalho. Na PNRS os catadores são sujeitos indispensáveis para a estrutura do ciclo de vida dos produtos. Portanto, deve haver uma construção conjunta entre Poder Público, ser humano e natureza

Herança do teor de betacaroteno em melão

The objective of this work was to determine the inheritance of beta‑carotene content in melon (Cucumis melo). The AC-16 accession (Cucumis melo subsp. melo var. acidulus) – with a low beta-carotene content and white mesocarp – was crossed with the Vedrantais cultivar (C. melo subsp. melo var. cantalupensis) – with a high beta-carotene content and salmon colored mesocarp –, to obtain the F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 generations. The AC‑16 and 'Vedrantais' parents, the F1 and F2 generations, and the BC1 and BC2 backcrosses of each parent were evaluated. The quantification of beta‑carotene was carried out in a high-performance liquid chromatography system. Mean components related to the additive and dominance effects, additive and dominance variances, and heritability were estimated. The beta‑carotene content was high in 'Vedrantais' (17.78 µg g-1) and low in AC-16 (0.34 µg g-1). The following results were observed: additive and dominance effects on the genetic control of the character, incomplete character dominance, estimated number of loci close to two, greater variance for segregating populations (F2 and backcrosses), and heritability values in the broad (87.75%) and narrow (64.19%) senses. The beta-carotene content in melon is controlled by a major effect gene, with additive and dominance effects associated with polygenes with additive effects.O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a herança do teor de betacaroteno em melão (Cucumis melo). O acesso AC-16 (Cucumis melo subsp. melo var. acidulus) – com baixo teor de betacaroteno e mesocarpo branco – foi cruzado com a cultivar Vedrantais (C. melo subsp. melo var. cantalupensis) – com alto teor de betacaroteno e mesocarpo de cor salmão –, para obtenção das gerações F1, F2, RC1 e RC2. Avaliaram-se os genitores AC‑16 e 'Vedrantais', as gerações F1 e F2, e os retrocruzamentos de cada genitor RC1 e  RC2. A quantificação do betacaroteno foi realizada em sistema de cromatografia líquida de alto desempenho. Foram estimados os componentes de média relacionados aos efeitos aditivos e de dominância, as variâncias aditiva e de dominância e a herdabilidade. O teor de betacaroteno foi alto (17,78 µg g-1) em 'Vedrantais' e baixo em AC-16 (0,34 µg g-1). Observaram-se os seguintes resultados: efeito aditivo e de dominância no controle genético do caráter, dominância de caráter incompleta, número estimado de loci próximo de dois, maior variância para populações segregantes (F2 e retrocruzamentos), e valores de herdabilidade nos sentidos amplo (87,75%) e restrito (64,19%). O teor de betacaroteno em melão é controlado por um gene de efeito maior, com efeitos aditivos e de dominância associados a poligenes com efeitos aditivos

Erratum to: The study of cardiovascular risk in adolescents – ERICA: rationale, design and sample characteristics of a national survey examining cardiovascular risk factor profile in Brazilian adolescents

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Analysis of the effects of the age-period-birth cohort on cervical cancer mortality in the Brazilian Northeast.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a public health problem with a high disease burden and mortality in developing countries. In Brazil, areas with low human development index have the highest incidence rates of Brazil and upward temporal trend for this disease. The Northeast region has the second highest incidence of cervical cancer (20.47 new cases / 100,000 women). In this region, the mortality rates are similar to rates in countries that do not have a health system with a universal access screening program, as in Brazil. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effects of age, period and birth cohorts on mortality from cervical cancer in the Northeast region of Brazil. Estimable functions predicted the effects of age, period and birth cohort. The average mortality rate was 10.35 deaths per 100,000 women during the period analyzed (1980-2014). The highest mortality rate per 100,000 women was observed in Maranhão (24.39 deaths), and the lowest mortality rate was observed in Bahia (11.24 deaths). According to the period effects, only the state of Rio Grande do Norte showed a reduction in mortality risk in the five years of the 2000s. There was a reduction in mortality risk for birth cohorts of women after the 1950s, except in Maranhão State, which showed an increasing trend in mortality risk for younger generations. We found that the high rates of cervical cancer mortality in the states of northeastern Brazil remain constant over time. Even after an increase in access to health services in the 2000s, associated with increased access to the cancer care network, which includes early detection (Pap Test), cervical cancer treatment and palliative care. However, it is important to note that the decreased risk of death and the mortality rates from CC among women born after the 1960s may be correlated with increased screening coverage, as well as increased access to health services for cancer treatment observed in younger women

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author