2,562 research outputs found
What Kind of Justice Today ? Expectations Of 'Good Justice', Convergences And Divergences Between Managerial And Judicial Actors And How They Fit Within Management-Oriented Values
This research aims toward a better understanding of the organizational culture(s) of the judiciary in Switzerland by analysing what 'good justice' means nowadays in this country. It seeks to clarify whether, and to what extent, expectations of 'good justice' of judicial actors (judges without managerial experience) and of managerial actors (court managers) are similar and to describe possible managerial implications that may result from this. As judges are at the heart of the judicial organization and exert a strong influence on other groups of actors (Sullivan, Warren et al. 1994), the congruence of their expectations with those of court managers will be at the centre of the analysis. Additionally, referring to the conceptual worlds of Boltanski and Thévenaut (1991), we analyze how closely these expectations are to management-oriented values. We found that almost half of expectations are common to the two groups examined and the main quoted ones are compatible to new public management (NPM) concepts. On the other hand, those expectations shared exclusively by judges relate to the human side of justice, whereas those specific to court managers focus on the way justice functions
Stochastic Precedence and Minima Among Dependent Variables
The notion of stochastic precedence between two random variables emerges as a relevant concept in several fields of applied probability. When one consider a vector of random variables X1,..,Xn, this notion has a preeminent role in the analysis of minima of the type minj∈AXj for A ⊂{1,…n}. In such an analysis, however, several apparently controversial aspects can arise (among which phenomena of “non-transitivity”). Here we concentrate attention on vectors of non-negative random variables with absolutely continuous joint distributions, in which a case the set of the multivariate conditional hazard rate (m.c.h.r.) functions can be employed as a convenient method to describe different aspects of stochastic dependence. In terms of the m.c.h.r. functions, we first obtain convenient formulas for the probability distributions of the variables minj∈AXj and for the probability of events {Xi=minj∈AXj}. Then we detail several aspects of the notion of stochastic precedence. On these bases, we explain some controversial behavior of such variables and give sufficient conditions under which paradoxical aspects can be excluded. On the purpose of stimulating active interest of readers, we present several comments and pertinent examples
Is there a one-to-one correspondence between ionospheric anomalies and large earthquakes along Longmenshan faults?
On 12 May 2008, a destructive M8.0 earthquake struck Wenchuan County
(31.0° N, 103.4° E) in the Longmenshan fault zone of
southwestern China. Five years later, on 20 April 2013, another terrible M7.0
earthquake struck Lushan County (30.3° N, 103.0° E) in the
same fault area, only 87 km away from the epicenter of the Wenchuan
earthquake. In this paper, an integrated wavelet analysis methodology is
proposed to detect and diagnose ionospheric total electron content (TEC)
anomalies related to seismic activities. Analytic wavelet transform is used
to detect ionospheric perturbations, and then cross-wavelet analysis is used
to diagnose ionospheric anomalies by gaining further insights into the
dynamic relationship between the anomaly variability of ionospheric TEC and
geomagnetic indices for the same set of observations. The results show that a
significant ionospheric disturbance occurred on 9 May 2008 above the
forthcoming epicenter, 3 days prior to the Wenchuan earthquake. However, we
did not observe an ionospheric anomaly over the epicenter of the Ya'an
earthquake during the 1 month period before the shock. Finally, we discuss
the possible interpretations of the different seismo-ionospheric effects for
the two similar earthquakes
Buckling capacity model for timber screws loaded in compression: Experimental, analytical and FE investigations
This paper investigates the buckling of screws loaded in compression inserted into timber members. Screws are often used as a reinforcement in timber structures. However, under compression forces, they are prone to axial buckling. The current model for the screw buckling, enclosed in the EC5 proposal, is based on the general framework of EC3 for the instability of compressed steel members. The main shortcomings of the current formulation for the buckling of screws are the following. (1) The analytical expression for calculating the theoretical buckling load does not follow the observed modes. (2) Due to the need for dedicated studies, the value of the imperfection coefficient is arbitrarily chosen. This paper fills the above gaps. Firstly, a simple analytical expression for predicting the buckling of screws is proposed and validated against experimental and finite element (FE) findings. Furthermore, the formulation adopts a more accurate expression for lateral deformation based on experimental observation. Secondly, a FE model calibrated on experimental tests is used to estimate the defect coefficients of the instability curves as a function of the amplitude of the geometric defects of the screw, expressed as a fraction of its length. Finally, a Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis is carried out to simulate the capacity of screws with different sizes, assuming the uncertainty of all input parameters sampled from suitable probability distributions. The results are used to validate the proposed deterministic capacity model and estimate the uncertainty factors of the design equation
Strain driven monoclinic distortion of ultrathin CoO films in the exchange-coupled CoO/FePt/Pt(001) system
International audienceThe structure and strain of ultrathin CoO films grown on a Pt(001) substrate and on a ferro-magnetic FePt pseudomorphic layer on Pt(001) have been determined with insitu and real time surface x-ray diffraction. The films grow epitaxially on both surfaces with an in-plane hexagonal pattern that yields a pseudo-cubic CoO(111) surface. A refined x-ray diffraction analysis reveals a slight monoclinic distortion at RT induced by the anisotropic stress at the interface. The tetrag-onal contribution to the distortion results in a ratio c a > 1, opposite to that found in the low temperature bulk CoO phase. This distortion leads to a stable Co 2+ spin configuration within the plane of the film
Anatomia endobrônquica: estudo prospectivo das variações anatómicas da árvore traqueobrônquica
ResumoO conhecimento detalhado do normal padrão de ramificações da árvore traqueobrônquica é um requisito essencial para qualquer pneumologista. Os sistemas de classificação funcional que guiam a prática clínica corrente têm um carácter eminentemente estático e raramente contemplam referências aos desvios possíveis dentro do espectro normal.Por forma a caracterizar as variações anatómicas da árvore traqueobrônquica, os autores desenvolveram um estudo prospectivo que decorreu entre Fevereiro e Julho de 2009, onde se incluíram todos os doentes referenciados para realização de broncofibroscopias diagnósticas e/ou terapêuticas.Um total de 181 indivíduos foram incluídos no estudo tendo-se observado variantes anatómicas em 79 (43% do total). Globalmente observamos 20 diferentes variantes anatómicas. Estas variantes foram mais frequentemente observadas no lobo superior direito (16,6%). O lobo médio e a língula não foram sede de variantes anatómicas. A variante mais frequentemente observada foi o padrão bifurcado do lobo superior direito (13,8%).O presente estudo revelou uma elevada frequência de formas alternativas ao clássico padrão de ramificação traqueobrônquica. O conhecimento da tipologia, morfologia e frequência de expressão dessas variantes revela-se de extrema importância para o broncologista no estabelecimento das fronteiras da anatomia normal e na planificação de técnicas endoscópicas ou de procedimentos cirúrgicos.AbstractA comprehensive knowledge of the normal pattern of endobronchial branching is essential to any pulmonologist. The classification systems available are predominantly static descriptions and only seldom do they refer to possible variations within the normal spectrum.To evaluate all possible anatomical variants of the tracheobronchial tree we conducted a prospective study in our endoscopy unit between February, 1st and July, 10th (2009).A total of 181 individuals were included in the study. Anatomical variants were found to be present in 79 individuals (43% of total). Overall we found 20 different anatomical variants. Variations were more frequently found within the right upper lobe (16.6% of individuals). Middle lobe and lingula presented no variations. The variant most frequently found was the presence of a bifurcate pattern of the right upper bronchus (13.8%).The present study revealed a relatively high frequency of anatomical alternatives to the normal endobronchial branching pattern. Recognition of these variants and the frequency of their expression are fundamental for the bronchologist in establishing the limits of normal anatomy and preparing endobronchial techniques or surgical procedures
Spin orientation in an ultrathin CoO/PtFe double-layer with perpendicular exchange coupling
International audienceWe studied by soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy the magnetization axis in an 4nm thin CoO (111) layer exchange-coupled to an ultra thin L1 0 PtFe layer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The angular dependence of the linear magnetic dichroism at 10K and the relative variations of the spectral features provide a full description of the spin orientation in this antiferromagnetic layer. The spins are found in the film plane, pointing along the 110 direction. This results is discussed in relation to the film strain and preferential occupation of t 2g orbitals.The strong orthogonal coupling between Co and Fe spins should be at the origin of the robustness of the exchange bias effect foun in this bilayer system
Is there a one-to-one correspondence between ionospheric anomalies and large earthquakes along Longmenshan faults?
On 12 May 2008, a destructive M8.0 earthquake
struck Wenchuan County (31.0 N, 103.4E) in the Longmenshan fault zone of southwestern China. Five years later, on 20 April 2013, another terrible M7.0 earthquake struck
Lushan County (30.3 N, 103.0 E) in the same fault area, only 87 km away from the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake.
In this paper, an integrated wavelet analysis methodology is proposed to detect and diagnose ionospheric total electron
content (TEC) anomalies related to seismic activities.
Analytic wavelet transform is used to detect ionospheric perturbations, and then cross-wavelet analysis is used to diagnose
ionospheric anomalies by gaining further insights into the dynamic relationship between the anomaly variability of
ionospheric TEC and geomagnetic indices for the same set of observations. The results show that a significant ionospheric
disturbance occurred on 9 May 2008 above the forthcoming epicenter, 3 days prior to the Wenchuan earthquake. However,we did not observe an ionospheric anomaly over the
epicenter of the Ya’an earthquake during the 1 month period before the shock. Finally, we discuss the possible interpretations of the different seismo-ionospheric effects for the two similar earthquakes
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