Crustal thickness and Vp/Vs ratio of Yellowstone, Eastern Snake River Plain, Wyoming Province, and the northern Basin and Range Province through receiver function analysis

For decades, numerous studies have been conducted and contradictory results were achieved about the origin and evolution of the Yellowstone supervolcano and the Eastern Snake River Plain. Whether the 640 km long time-progressive chain of rhyolitic calderas was formed due to mantle-plume or a result of lithospheric extension allowing the emergence of melt on the surface is still a debate. Using receiver function analyses, this study determines the crustal thickness and the Vp/Vs ratio below the Yellowstone Plateau, Wyoming Province (WP), Idaho Batholith (IB), Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP), and the northern Basin and Range Province (BRP). The thickness is highest below the Wyoming Province (46 to 54 km) and reduces to as low as 30 km towards the east in the Batholith Province. The Yellowstone Caldera sits above the Moho not deeper than 44 km and the entire extension of the Eastern Snake River Plain varies in Moho depth from 44 km below the Island Park Caldera, 40 km below the Heise Caldera and shallows up to 37 km below the Picabo and Twin Fall Calderas. The thickness of the crust below ESRP does not show a noticeable variation from the BRP lying to the south and north of it. The receiver functions below the Yellowstone Plateau show a low-velocity zone at a shallow depth probably signifying the presence of a shallow magma chamber. Compressional velocity variations in the mantle show low-velocity anomaly of -9% till the depth of 280 km NW of the Yellowstone Plateau and a high-velocity region beneath it starting from 320 km. This study acknowledges both the controversial theories proposed for the explanation of the magmatic volcanic calderas --Abstract, page iii

Cytoskeletal remodeling by C3G to induce neurite-like extensions and inhibit motility in highly invasive breast carcinoma cells

AbstractCytoskeletal remodeling is responsible for cell plasticity and facilitates differentiation, motility and adherence related functions. C3G (RAPGEF1), an exchange factor for Ras family of small GTPases, regulates cytoskeletal reorganization to induce filopodia in epithelial cells and neurite growth in neuroblastoma cells. Here we show that C3G overexpression induces neurite-like extensions (NLE) in MDA-MB-231 and BT549 breast carcinoma cells and not in a variety of other cancer cell lines examined. These processes were actin-rich with nodes, branches and microspikes. C3G associates with the cytoskeleton and its expression enabled stabilization of microtubules. NLE formation was dependent on Rap, Rac and Cdc42. C3G expression was associated with a decrease in cellular β-catenin levels specifically in MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells. β-Catenin stabilization induced by GSK-3β inhibition, or coexpression of β-catenin, reduced C3G induced NLE formation. Time lapse analysis showed reduced motility of C3G expressing cells compared to GFP expressing cells. Our results suggest that C3G overexpression can induce phenotypic characteristics of neuronal cells in highly invasive breast cancer cells and inhibit their motility

Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases: A Review

Periodontitis is one of the inflammatory-infectious diseases of the oral cavity, which results in an alteration in the production of host inflammatory mediators. Oral cavity has plentiful diverse bacteria that can spread different sites of the body particularly in immune compromised individuals and results in various systemic diseases. As the oral cavity is the mirror image of our systemic health, hence maintenance of oral health is equally important. This paper reviews the etiology of periodontitis and systemic relation

Management of Radicular Cyst: A Clinical Case Report

A radicular cyst defined as a cyst of inflammatory origin arises from epithelial rests of malassez in periodontal ligament due to inflammation of the dental pulp. The cyst begins with carious tooth and further involved periapical and periodontal region. Majority of these lesions engross the whole apex and appear as precise radiolucencies. The cystic lesion lined with the epithelium, which filled with fluid; therefore, they generally referred to as a true cyst. Various mode of treatment available for radicular cyst management including surgical and no-surgical procedures, in this case report we present surgical management of radicular cyst followed by root canal treatment.&nbsp

Morscher’s osteotomy in posttraumatic sequale of hip in adolescent using dynamic hip screw: case report

Premature closure of proximal femoral epiphyseal plate can be a complication of hip dysplasia, Perthe’s disease, trauma or septic arthritis of hip. It may eventually result in Coxavara and shortening of femoral neck and upward migration of greater trochanter. Morscher’s osteotomy is an intertrochanteric osteotomy that can create valgusization with lengthening of femoral neck, correction of high riding greater trochanter and compensates for short limb length as a single stage procedure. The purpose of this case report is to evaluate early results of Morscher’s osteotomy fixed using paediatric dynamic hip screw in adolescence

Analysis of Different Buffer Management Strategies in Delay Tolerance Network Routing

Delay Tolerant Networks or DTNs are the results of the evolutions in the mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). In such environments the link between the pair of nodes is frequently disrupted due to the dissemination nature, mobility of nodes, and power outages. Because of the environment nature in Delay Tolerant Networks like under water, ocean sensor networks etc., the delays may be very extensive. To obtain data delivery in such challenging and harsh networking environments, researchers have proposed a technique in which the messages is stored into the buffers of intermediary nodes until it is forwarded to the destination. The DTNs are based on the concept of store-carry-and-forward protocols. So, node have to store message for long or short period of time and when connection established replica will be sent to encountered node. A critical challenge is to determine routes through the network without even having an end-to-end connection. This combination of long term storage and message replication imposes a high storage and bandwidth overhead. Thus, efficient scheduling and dropping policies are necessary to decide which messages should be discarded when nodes’ buffers operate close to their capacity. If a relay buffer is full and needs to store a new packet, it has to decide either to keep the current message or to drop it. This paper will give survey on different transmission and dropping policies with their mechanism, their performance in different routing and their limitations

To study the thyroid profile in menstrual disorder at tertiary care hospital in northern western Rajasthan, India

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common but complicated clinical presentation. It is one of the most frequently encountered conditions in gynaecology and is defined as abnormal bleeding from the uterus.Methods: Present prospective study was conducted on 100 patients who presented with abnormal uterine bleeding at Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.Results: Among 100 women, 39 had hypothyroidism, 8 patients had hyperthyroidism rest 53 were euthyroid. Out of 39 hypothyroid patients, 23 had menorrhagia, 3 had oligomenorrhea and out of 8 patients with hyperthyroidism patients, 6 had oligomenorrhea, 2 had hypomenorrhoea.Conclusions: The menstrual irregularities are significantly more frequent in patients with thyroid dysfunction and menorrhagia was the commonest menstrual abnormality. The study concludes that biochemical evaluation of thyroid function should be made mandatory in all cases of AUB

Study of Economic development for Mobile Banking in India

The banking industry has shown tremendous growth in volume and complexity during the last few decades. However there have been concerns that banks have not been able to provide basic banking facilities to vast population, especially the rural population of India. The reasons could be lack of infrastructure and literacy rate to adapt to modern technology. Efforts are being made as financial inclusions can truly lift the financial conditions of rural India. Off-recently mobile phones as a delivery channel for extending banking services have been attaining greater significance. According to Gartner Mobile device sales in India are forecast to reach 138.6 million in 2010, an increase of 18.5 percent over 2009 sales of 117 million units. The rapid growth in users and wider coverage of mobile phone networks have made this channel an important platform for extending banking services to customers. This report conceptualise the mobile banking in conjunction with business plan which encompasses social and economic impact of M-Banking. It provides an array of options to explore the linkages between the consumers, banks and telecommunication service providers. In this report, the emphasis is laid upon understanding the structure of Mobile banking (M-Banking) in India, and using economic analysis to understand the problems associated with the Mobile transactions (M-Transaction) in rural regions of India. The broader impacts of Transaction cost exposing the informal economy such as exploitation by unauthorised merchants who sees banking activity as a signal of wealth that can be tapped. Issues such as these require an institutional approach to the problems, which is offered by the transaction cost economics theory. M-Transaction value chain aims to incorporate arrangements between mobile operators and financial services providers on one side and distribution network which serves the customers on the other is discussed in detail

Study of prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure in hadoti region

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is known and early complication of chronic renal failure patients. Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism and correlation between serum parathyroid hormone level with biochemical parameters in renal failure patients in tertiary care hospital in Kota, Rajasthan.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was carried out in 50 patients who had creatinine clearance of 30ml/min/1.73m2 or less for greater than 6 weeks attended the OPD of department of General Medicine, New Medical College hospital, Kota, Rajasthan from May 2018 to November 2018. Investigations like complete blood count, renal function test, urine routine microscopy and USG abdomen with serum parathyroid hormone, serum phosphorus, serum calcium levels were done. Serum parathyroid hormone level was done by calorimetric method.Results: The prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in our study was 72%.In hyperparathyroidism patient’s serum calcium level was low and the difference was highly significant (p<0.001). There is negative correlation between S.PTH and S. calcium level (r=-0.536). Mean serum calcium level in our study is 1.6mmol/l. In hyperparathyroidism patient’s serum phosphate level was high and the difference was highly significant (p<0.001). There was positive correlation between S.PTH and S.PO4 level (r=0.402). Mean serum phosphorus level in our study is 5.7 mg/dl. Prevalence of hyperparathyroidism was high among CRF patients with normal BP than hypertensive patients and with normal sugar than diabetics but the difference in proportion was not significant (p=0.87, p=0.98 respectively). 90% patients were on haemodialysis while 10% patients were on conservative management.Conclusions: Early detection of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure patients can reduce its complications like bone fracture and cardiovascular complications

Outcome assessment of two stage reduction and fixation in neglected trans scaphoid peri lunate fracture dislocation

Background: Perilunate instability is a type of carpal instability complex. Perilunate injuries occur after high-energy traumas to the wrist or falls on the outstretched hand.Methods: The hospital based prospective study was held in the department of Orthopaedics, SMS medical college and Hospital, Jaipur from April 2016 to November 2017. It included 25 cases of neglected trans scaphoid peri lunate fracture dislocation treated in 2 stages surgical procedures.Results: Median nerve was involved in 6 (24%) patients. Pain was also graded as subjective pain. Most of patients had pain free wrist at 1 year follow up post surgery while 2 patients had pain on routine activity, 5 patients had pain on sternous activity and pain was permanent in 1 patient. Mean scapholunate and radiolunate angles were 54 degrees (range 40 to 60 degrees) and 9.8 degrees (range 5 to 15 degrees) on the immediate postoperative radiographs and 54.8 degrees (range 40 to 65 degrees) and 10.6 degrees (5 to 20 degrees) at 1 years follow up. Mild degenerative changes were seen in the radiocarpal joint in 3 patients and in midcarpal joint in 4 patients one patient had both radiocarpal joint arthritis and midcarpal joint arthritis two patients developed superficial pin tract infection.Conclusions: On the basis of our study we finally conclude staged reduction should be considered for neglected trans scaphoid peri lunate dislocations