Study of the technogenesis of the Degtyarsky mine by audio-magnetotelluric express sounding

The audio-magnetotelluric express sounding was performed at four sections crossing the mine field of the currently not functioning Degtyarsky mine. Field measurements were carried out by a universal broadband receiver “OMAR-2m” with active electromagnetic field sensors developed at the Institute of Geophysics UB RAS. Based on the obtained data, deep sections of the electrophysical parameters of the medium – apparent resistivity and effective longitudinal conductivity – are drawn. The nature of the geoelectric structure of the section allows mapping of the major lithochemical contamination plume and identifying  the tectonic disturbance zones that drain aggressive mine waters. The mine waters of the Degtyarsky mine are a source of dangerous technogenic pollution. Despite the neutralization of surface runoff, underground routes of acidic water migration occur along tectonic cracks, primarily in the zone of the regional Serovsko-Mauksky fault. Tectonic zones in the mine area contain contaminated fissure-vein water, which is transited at a depth of 70 to over 200 m. Discharging ascending springs of such waters can be located at a great distance from controlled hydrological objects and pollute sources of drinking and household water supply. Urban development in the western and eastern parts of Degtyarsk does not fall within the distribution zone of polluted water. The southern part of the city is located beyond the watershed of the mine water flow area, but a danger of local contamination by tectonic disturbance zones remains possible. The worst environmental situation is observed in the northern outskirts of Degtyarsk, which falls into the area of heavy pollution of underground and surface waters. Besides, acidic fumes from the flooded Kolchedanny quarry can affect the health of city residents when emitted to the atmosphere

On a Moving Average with Internal Degrees of Freedom

A new type of moving average is developed. Whereas a regular moving average (e.g. of price) has a built-in internal time scale (time-window, exponential weight, etc.), the moving average developed in this paper has the weight as the product of a polynomial by window factor. The polynomial is the square of a wavefunction obtained from an eigenproblem corresponding to other observable (e.g. execution flow I=dV/dt , the number of shares traded per unit time). This allows to obtain an immediate "switch" without lagging typical for regular moving average.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2210.0422

Theory of a Narrow roton Absorption Line in the Spectrum of a Disk-Shaped SHF Resonator

We calculate the probability of the birth of a circular phonon (c-phonon) in He II by a c-photon of the resonator. It is shown that this probability has sharp maxima at frequencies, where the effective group velocity of the c-phonon is equal to zero; the density of states of c-phonons strongly grows at such frequencies. For He II, these frequencies correspond to a roton and a maxon. From the probability of the c-roton birth, we calculate the roto line width which is found to approximately agree with the experimental one. We conclude that the roton line observed in the super-high-frequency (SHF) absorption spectrum of helium is related to the birth of c-rotons. A possible interpretation of the Stark effect observed for the roton line is also proposed.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, v2: journal variant, several minor correction

Возрастные особенности влияния диметилсульфоксида на каталазную активность миокарда при иммобилизационном стрессе

Вивчено вплив внутрішньочеревинного введення диметилсульфоксиду (ДМСО) в дозі 175 мг/кг маси на каталазну активність міокарда дорослих і старих щурів за умов іммобілізаційного стресу. Показано, що введення ДМСО сприяє активації каталази в серці щурів, що зазнали іммобілізації, практично не впливаючи на величину аналогічного показника у дорослих тварин. Одночасно з активацією ферменту відбуваються такого роду зміни його властивостей, які сприяють підвищенню ефективності перебігу каталазної реакції в умовах стимуляції утворення активних форм кисню при окисному стресі (підвищення спорідненості до субстрату, збільшення вираженості зміни активності у відповідь на зміни рН середовища, обмеження дії інгібіторів). При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18756Изучено влияние внутрибрюшинного введения диметилсульфоксида (ДМСО) в дозе 175 мг/кг массы на каталазную активность миокарда взрослых и старых крыс, подвергнутых иммобилизационному стрессу. Показано, что введение ДМСО способствует активации каталазы в сердце подвергнутых иммобилизации крыс. Практически не оказывая влияния на величину аналогичного показателя у взрослых животных. Одновременно с активацией фермента происходят такого рода изменения его свойств, которые способствуют повышению эффективности течения каталазной реакции в условиях стимуляции образования активных форм кислорода при окислительном стрессе (повышение сродства к субстрату, увеличение выраженности изменения активности в ответ а изменение рН среды, ограничение действия ингибиторов на фермент). При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18756The effect of intraperitoneal injection of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in a dose of 175 mg / kg of catalase activity in the myocardium of adult and old-aged rats subjected to immobilization stress was studied. DMSO injection promoted catalase activation in the heart of old-aged rats subjected to immobilization in and practically had no effect on the analogous parameter in adult animals. Together with activation of the enzyme, changes occur in it which raise the effectiveness of the catalase response under conditions of stimulated production of active forms of oxygen in oxidation stress (increased affinity to the substrate, more expressed changes in activity in response to a change in pH of the medium, limited effect of the inhibitors on the enzyme). When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/1875

Каталазная активность в миокарде при стрессе у взрослых и старых крыс

Вивчено каталазну активність міокарда за умов стресу у дорослих та старих щурів. Визначено, що формування іммобілізаційного стресу супроводжується стимуляцією активності ферменту. Більш виражений цей ефект у дорослих тварин. Наведено експериментальні дані стосовно можливої ролі пероксидного окислення ліпідів у стресорній активації каталази міокарда та її модуляції з віком. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18757Изучено каталазную активность миокарда при стрессе у взрослых и старых крыс. Определено, что формирование иммобилизационного стресса сопровождается стимуляцией активности фермента. Более выражен этот эффект у взрослых животных. Приведены экспериментальные данные о возможной роли пероксидного окисления липидов в стрессорной активации каталазы миокарда и её модуляции с возрастом. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18757The study of catalase myocardium activity at stress in adult and old rats has been performed. It has been revealed that the formation of immobilization stress is accompanied by the enzyme activity stimulation. The expression of this effect is more significant in adult animals. Experimental data concerning the possible role of peroxidation lipids in myocardium catalase stress activation and its age modulation are given. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/1875

Liver regeneration is associated with lipid reorganization in membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum

BACKGROUND:In recent years, an adaptive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response has been actively investigated. The ER membrane, isolated from the intact and regenerating liver, may be an appropriate model for investigating the association between structural and functional characteristics of ER in vivo and their corresponding behavioral characteristics in vitro. The rate of lipid synthesis and that of intracellular lipid exchange between the ER and cytosol were investigated in the intact and regenerating liver (13 h after partial hepatectomy). Particularly, membrane characteristics, surface potential, and glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity were investigated, along with the degradation rate of G6Pase in vitro, which was estimated by the loss of G6Pase activity, formation of lipid peroxides, and size of excreted membrane vesicles. METHODS:The rate of lipid synthesis was determined by measuring the intensity of radioactive precursor (C14 - sodium acetate) in different fractions of lipids (phospholipids, non-esterified fatty acids, and triacylglycerides) after 30 min exposure. The rate of lipid metabolism was assessed by measuring the quantity of lipids with radioactive labels emerging in the cytosol of hepatocytes (CPM). Viscosity and surface potential were determined by fluorescent probes. RESULTS:It was observed that after 13 h of partial hepatectomy, the rate of lipid synthesis in the ER of hepatocytes in the regenerating liver was 3 times lower than that in ER of hepatocytes in the intact liver, wherein the rate of incorporation of newly synthesized lipids in cytosol was several times higher in the regenerating liver. Increase in the rate of exchange of neutral lipids in cells of the regenerating liver was accompanied by lipid reconstruction in the ER, changing the structural and functional characteristics of the membrane. Such membrane rebuilding also contributed to the rate of degradation of the ER in vitro,which that must be taken into account during development of systems for in vitro assessment of xenobiotic metabolism. CONCLUSIONS:An increase in the rate of direct (microsomes---cytosol) and reverse transport of lipids (cytosol --- microsomes) was observed in the regenerating liver. Microsomes, isolated from the regenerating liver, were degraded in the in vitro system at a higher rate

Influence of scattering processes on electron quantum states in nanowires

In the framework of quantum perturbation theory the self-consistent method of calculation of electron scattering rates in nanowires with the one-dimensional electron gas in the quantum limit is worked out. The developed method allows both the collisional broadening and the quantum correlations between scattering events to be taken into account. It is an alternativeper seto the Fock approximation for the self-energy approach based on Green’s function formalism. However this approach is free of mathematical difficulties typical to the Fock approximation. Moreover, the developed method is simpler than the Fock approximation from the computational point of view. Using the approximation of stable one-particle quantum states it is proved that the electron scattering processes determine the dependence of electron energy versus its wave vector

Erot spatiaalisissa ja ajallisissa reaktionormeissa kevään ja syksyn fenologisille tapahtumille

For species to stay temporally tuned to their environment, they use cues such as the accumulation of degree-days. The relationships between the timing of a phenological event in a population and its environmental cue can be described by a population-level reaction norm. Variation in reaction norms along environmental gradients may either intensify the envi- ronmental effects on timing (cogradient variation) or attenu- ate the effects (countergradient variation). To resolve spatial and seasonal variation in species’ response, we use a unique dataset of 91 taxa and 178 phenological events observed across a network of 472 monitoring sites, spread across the nations of the former Soviet Union. We show that compared to local rates of advancement of phenological events with the advancement of temperature-related cues (i.e., variation within site over years), spatial variation in reaction normsPeer reviewe

Phenological shifts of abiotic events, producers and consumers across a continent

Ongoing climate change can shift organism phenology in ways that vary depending on species, habitats and climate factors studied. To probe for large-scale patterns in associated phenological change, we use 70,709 observations from six decades of systematic monitoring across the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Among 110 phenological events related to plants, birds, insects, amphibians and fungi, we find a mosaic of change, defying simple predictions of earlier springs, later autumns and stronger changes at higher latitudes and elevations. Site mean temperature emerged as a strong predictor of local phenology, but the magnitude and direction of change varied with trophic level and the relative timing of an event. Beyond temperature-associated variation, we uncover high variation among both sites and years, with some sites being characterized by disproportionately long seasons and others by short ones. Our findings emphasize concerns regarding ecosystem integrity and highlight the difficulty of predicting climate change outcomes. The authors use systematic monitoring across the former USSR to investigate phenological changes across taxa. The long-term mean temperature of a site emerged as a strong predictor of phenological change, with further imprints of trophic level, event timing, site, year and biotic interactions.Peer reviewe

Chronicles of nature calendar, a long-term and large-scale multitaxon database on phenology

We present an extensive, large-scale, long-term and multitaxon database on phenological and climatic variation, involving 506,186 observation dates acquired in 471 localities in Russian Federation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan. The data cover the period 1890-2018, with 96% of the data being from 1960 onwards. The database is rich in plants, birds and climatic events, but also includes insects, amphibians, reptiles and fungi. The database includes multiple events per species, such as the onset days of leaf unfolding and leaf fall for plants, and the days for first spring and last autumn occurrences for birds. The data were acquired using standardized methods by permanent staff of national parks and nature reserves (87% of the data) and members of a phenological observation network (13% of the data). The database is valuable for exploring how species respond in their phenology to climate change. Large-scale analyses of spatial variation in phenological response can help to better predict the consequences of species and community responses to climate change.Peer reviewe