Phytocoenosis of Silver Fir and Hop Hornbeam (Ostryo-Abietetum/Fukarek 1963/Trinajstić 1983) in the Hinterland of Vinodol

U radu se fitocenološki analiziraju mješovite sastojine jele i crnoga graba (Ostryo-Abietetum/Fukarek 1963/Trinajstić 1983) u vinodolskom zaleđu. Iako su već istraživane (Rac 1995) u fitocenološkom smislu je izostala cjelovita analiza i usporedba s ostalim područjima Hrvatske. Zajednica je predstavljena s deset snimaka načinjenih u očuvanijim i suvislijim kompleksima na približno 250 ha njezina rasprostranjenja i nadmorskim visinama od 700 do 900 m. Ukupno su registrirane 84 vrste, prosječno po snimci 41, a njihova sociološka pripadnost relativno je složena, što su pokazala i prijašnja istraživanja na Biokovu (Trinajstić 1983, 1987). U odnosu na biokovske sastojine zabilježene su 54 nove vrste, a izostaje 46, među njima Pulmonaria visianii i Lonicera alpigena izdvojene kao svojstvene vrste asocijacije. U sloju drveća dominira Abies alba, podstojno i Ostrya carpinifolia, a u sloju grmlja pridolaze 34 vrste, bujnošću dominiraju one termofilne svojstvene za red Quercetalia pubescentis. U sloju prizemnog rašća prevladavaju mezofilne vrste reda Fagetalia i sveze Aremonio-Fagion i termofilna vrsta Sesleria autumnalis. Također je za vinodolske sastojine specifičan pridolazak hrasta kitnjaka i nekih drugih vrsta slabije izražene socijalne pripadnosti i mezofilnoga karaktera. Sastojine zajednice Ostryo-Abietetum su uglavnom zaštitne panjače trajno otvorenog sklopa i obrasta uglavnom oko 50 %.In Croatia, the forest community Ostryo-Abietetum (Fukarek 1963) Trinajstić 1983 was found on Mt. Biokovo (Trinajstić 1983, 1987) and on Kapela (Rac et Lovrić 1987, Rac 1995). Only five relevés have been published in scientific literature. Since the floral composition has not been analyzed and compared in more detail, the studied phytocoenosis is insufficiently known. Phytocoenological research was conducted following the classical principles of the Braun-Blanquet School (1964). Forests of fir with hop hornbeam were presented on the basis of ten relevés from the Vinodol area and five from Biokovo. Plant nomenclature was adjusted according to Ehrendorfer (1973), while plant-sociological affiliation and biological form of the species were based on the work generally used for this purpose. Phytocoenological research into the stands of the community Ostryo-Abietetum in Vinodol showed syntaxonomic affiliation in the sense of Marinček et al. (1993) in accordance with international syntaxonomic rules (Weber et al. 2000). A total of 84 species were registered in ten phytocoenological relevés. On average, there were 41 species per relevé. Abies alba prevails in the dominant layer, Ostrya carpinifolia in the intermediate layer and thermophilic species of the order Quercetalia pubescentis in the shrub layer. The layer of herbaceous vegetation is dominated by the species of the order Fagetalia and the alliance Aremonio-Fagion and by the thermophilic species Sesleria autumnalis. The forest phytocoenosis of fir with hop hornbeam occurs over approximately 250 ha in the study area (Racić 2001). Compared to past phytocoenological relevés of this community in Croatia, 54 new species have been registered. Those of mesophilic character and beech forests prevail, which completes the knowledge of the phytocoenosis Ostryo-Abietetum. In relation to the stands on Biokovo, 46 species of predominantly thermophilic character are absent, including Lonicera alpigena and Pulmonaria visianii, which were initially classified as characteristic species of the association. The species Hepatica nobilis, with frequent presence of sessile oak in the tree layer, occurs abundantly in Vinodol stands. Stands of the community Ostryo-Abietetum are mainly protective coppices with a permanently open canopy and density of about 50 %

Phytocoenological-pedological features of subalpine beech forests (as. Ranunculo platanifoliae-Fagetum Marinček et al. 1993) on northern Velebit

Background and Purpose: Beech forests in the subalpine belt of Velebit (1-4) have not been extensively investigated so far, nor have their nomenclatural and systematic affiliation been analyzed according to the latest phytocoenological concepts (5-7). Phytocoenological research and adjustment were combined with the study and analysis of basic soil types and their pedophysiographic properties. Materials and Methods: Phytocoenological research, encompassing the analysis of 11 relevés and comparisons with other relevant studies (3, 8, 9), follows classical principles of the Braun-Blanquet School (10). Taxonomic nomenclature was coordinated according to Nikoli} (11-13). Pedophysiographic soil features were described by types and pedogenetic horizons on the basis of the profiles opened within the community. Results: As many as 96 species, or 41 species per relevé on average, were registered in 11 phytocoenological relevés. The dominant layer of the community under study was characterized by Fagus sylvatica, with Acer pseudoplatanus also taking an important position and Abies alba featuring on the bottom boundary. There were no distinctly dominant species in the shrub layer, while the ground layer contained important species of the alliance Aremonio-Fagion and the order Fagetalia. The substrate of limestones with dolomite interbeds, dolomitized limestones, and calcareous breccias (14-17) supports a long series of subtypes and varieties of mollic leptosol and cambisols, luvisols in sinkholes and sporadic occurrences of rendzic leptosols. Conclusion: Beech forests in the subalpine belt of northern Velebit at altitudes between 1,200 and 1,500 m manifest their affiliation to the association Ranunculo platanifoliae-Fagetum Marin~ek et al. 1993. The comparison with adjacent areas shows very high similarity in physiognomy, ecological conditions and floristic composition. Pedological research revealed exceptional variability of soil types over a relatively small space. The studied forests on northern Velebit take up approximately 6,000 ha. Presently, they belong to protective forests and are left to natural succession

Phytocoenosis of Silver Fir and Hop Hornbeam (Ostryo-Abietetum/Fukarek 1963/Trinajstić 1983) in the Hinterland of Vinodol

U radu se fitocenološki analiziraju mješovite sastojine jele i crnoga graba (Ostryo-Abietetum/Fukarek 1963/Trinajstić 1983) u vinodolskom zaleđu. Iako su već istraživane (Rac 1995) u fitocenološkom smislu je izostala cjelovita analiza i usporedba s ostalim područjima Hrvatske. Zajednica je predstavljena s deset snimaka načinjenih u očuvanijim i suvislijim kompleksima na približno 250 ha njezina rasprostranjenja i nadmorskim visinama od 700 do 900 m. Ukupno su registrirane 84 vrste, prosječno po snimci 41, a njihova sociološka pripadnost relativno je složena, što su pokazala i prijašnja istraživanja na Biokovu (Trinajstić 1983, 1987). U odnosu na biokovske sastojine zabilježene su 54 nove vrste, a izostaje 46, među njima Pulmonaria visianii i Lonicera alpigena izdvojene kao svojstvene vrste asocijacije. U sloju drveća dominira Abies alba, podstojno i Ostrya carpinifolia, a u sloju grmlja pridolaze 34 vrste, bujnošću dominiraju one termofilne svojstvene za red Quercetalia pubescentis. U sloju prizemnog rašća prevladavaju mezofilne vrste reda Fagetalia i sveze Aremonio-Fagion i termofilna vrsta Sesleria autumnalis. Također je za vinodolske sastojine specifičan pridolazak hrasta kitnjaka i nekih drugih vrsta slabije izražene socijalne pripadnosti i mezofilnoga karaktera. Sastojine zajednice Ostryo-Abietetum su uglavnom zaštitne panjače trajno otvorenog sklopa i obrasta uglavnom oko 50 %.In Croatia, the forest community Ostryo-Abietetum (Fukarek 1963) Trinajstić 1983 was found on Mt. Biokovo (Trinajstić 1983, 1987) and on Kapela (Rac et Lovrić 1987, Rac 1995). Only five relevés have been published in scientific literature. Since the floral composition has not been analyzed and compared in more detail, the studied phytocoenosis is insufficiently known. Phytocoenological research was conducted following the classical principles of the Braun-Blanquet School (1964). Forests of fir with hop hornbeam were presented on the basis of ten relevés from the Vinodol area and five from Biokovo. Plant nomenclature was adjusted according to Ehrendorfer (1973), while plant-sociological affiliation and biological form of the species were based on the work generally used for this purpose. Phytocoenological research into the stands of the community Ostryo-Abietetum in Vinodol showed syntaxonomic affiliation in the sense of Marinček et al. (1993) in accordance with international syntaxonomic rules (Weber et al. 2000). A total of 84 species were registered in ten phytocoenological relevés. On average, there were 41 species per relevé. Abies alba prevails in the dominant layer, Ostrya carpinifolia in the intermediate layer and thermophilic species of the order Quercetalia pubescentis in the shrub layer. The layer of herbaceous vegetation is dominated by the species of the order Fagetalia and the alliance Aremonio-Fagion and by the thermophilic species Sesleria autumnalis. The forest phytocoenosis of fir with hop hornbeam occurs over approximately 250 ha in the study area (Racić 2001). Compared to past phytocoenological relevés of this community in Croatia, 54 new species have been registered. Those of mesophilic character and beech forests prevail, which completes the knowledge of the phytocoenosis Ostryo-Abietetum. In relation to the stands on Biokovo, 46 species of predominantly thermophilic character are absent, including Lonicera alpigena and Pulmonaria visianii, which were initially classified as characteristic species of the association. The species Hepatica nobilis, with frequent presence of sessile oak in the tree layer, occurs abundantly in Vinodol stands. Stands of the community Ostryo-Abietetum are mainly protective coppices with a permanently open canopy and density of about 50 %