Escaping the \u3cem\u3eSporhase\u3c/em\u3e Maze: Protecting State Waters within the Commerce Clause

Eastern states, though they have enjoyed a history of relatively abundant water, increasingly face the need to conserve water, particularly to protect water-dependent ecosystems. At the same time, growing water demands, climate change, and an emerging water-oriented economy have intensified pressure for interstate water transfers. Thus, even traditionally wet states are seeking to protect or secure their water supplies. However, restrictions on water sales and exports risk running afoul of the Dormant Commerce Clause. This Article offers guidance for states, partciularly eastern states concerned with maintaining and improving water-dependent ecosystems, in seeking to restrict water exports while staying within the confines of the Dormant Commerce Clause

Homogeneous Symplectic Manifolds of the Galilei Group

In this thesis we classify all symplectic manifolds admitting a transitive, 2-form preserving action of the Galilei group G. Using the moment map and a theorem of Kirillov-Kostant-Souriau, we reduce the problem to that of classifying the coadjoint orbits of a central extension of G discovered by Bargmann. We then develop a systematic inductive technique to construct a cross section of the coadjoint action. The resulting symplectic orbits are interpreted as the manifolds of classical motions of elementary particles with or without spin, mass, and color

Shothole Borer

Shothole borers (Fig. 1) are bark beetles that may attack stressed or injured trees. They have a wide host range, including all fruit trees grown in Utah, quince, loquat, serviceberry, wild cherry, chokecherry, mountain ash, hawthorn and elm. In Utah, apple, cherry, pear, and hawthorn are preferred hosts

An Orthognathine Weevil of the Genus Mesocordylus in Dominican Amber (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Dryophthoridae).

Es wird eine neue orthognathe Rüsselkäferart (Curculionoidea: Dryophtoridae), Mesocordylus longiscapus sp. n. aus dem Dominikanischen Bernstein des frühen Miozän beschrieben. Das ist der erste Nachweis für die Gattung Mesocordylus und der zweite für die Unterfamilie Orthognathinae als Bernsteinfossil.StichwörterTertiary, Caribbean, paleontology, Polyphaga, taxonomy.Nomenklatorische Handlungenlongiscapus Davis & Engel, 2009 (Mesocordylus), spec. n.A new orthognathine weevil species (Curculionoidea: Dryophthoridae), Mesocordylus longiscapus sp. n., is described and illustrated from Early Miocene Dominican amber. It represents the first amber fossil record of Mesocordylus and the second for the subfamily Orthognathinae.KeywordsTertiary, Caribbean, paleontology, Polyphaga, taxonomy.Nomenclatural Actslongiscapus Davis & Engel, 2009 (Mesocordylus), spec. n

An orthognathine weevil of the genus Mesocordylus in Dominican amber (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Dryophthoridae)

This is the publisher's version, copyright by Akademie Verlag.A new orthognathine weevil species (Curculionoidea: Dryophthoridae), Mesocordylus longiscapus sp. n., is described and illustrated from Early Miocene Dominican amber. It represents the first amber fossil record of Mesocordylus and the second for the subfamily Orthognathinae

TCR Signaling Emerges from the Sum of Many Parts

“How does T cell receptor signaling begin?” Answering this question requires an understanding of how the parts of the molecular machinery that mediates this process fit and work together. Ultimately this molecular architecture must (i) trigger the relay of information from the TCR-pMHC interface to the signaling substrates of the CD3 molecules and (ii) bring the kinases that modify these substrates in close proximity to interact, initiate, and sustain signaling. In this contribution we will discuss advances of the last decade that have increased our understanding of the complex machinery and interactions that underlie this type of signaling

Why Don\u27t We Enforce Existing Drug Price Controls? The Unrecognized and Unenforced Reasonable Pricing Requirements Imposed upon Patents Deriving in Whole or in Part from Federally-Funded Research

This Article discusses drug pricing in the context of federally funded inventions. It examines the “march-in” provision of the Bayh-Dole Act, a federal statute that governs inventions supported in whole or in part by federal funding. It discusses technology-transfer activity as a whole and the often-conflicting roles of the government, academia, and industry. The Article discusses the mechanisms of the Bayh-Dole Act and examines its legislative history. It notes that the Act has had a powerful price-control clause since its enactment in 1980 that mandates that inventions resulting from federally funded research must be sold at reasonable prices. The Article concludes that the solution to high drug prices does not involve new legislation but already exists in the unused, unenforced march-in provision of the Bayh-Dole Act

A new genus of nemonychid weevil from Burmese amber (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea)

The first fossil nemonychid (Nemonychidae) in Burmese amber, belonging to the subfamily Rhinorhynchinae, is described and figured as Burmonyx zigrasi Davis & Engel, gen. n. and sp. n. While this specimen also comprises the first definitive record of the subfamily in the Asian continent, other compression fossils exist at least from the Yixian Formation of China and the Karatau site of Kazakhstan which may also deserve placement within this group. Although several important areas of the body are obscured by the shape and fragmented condition of the amber piece, a sufficient number of features are visible to consider adequate placement within Rhinorhynchinae, including the fairly strongly punctate elytral striae and appendiculate, nearly bifid pretarsal claws.Much appreciation is given to James S. Zigras who provided the opportunity to study this specimen and has generally supported amber research at the AMNH. Partial support for this work was provided by the Byers Opportunity Fund, Division of Entomology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum (to SRD), and US National Science Foundation grants DEB-0542909 (to MSE) and DEB-1110590 (to MSE, P. Cartwright, and SRD). This is a contribution of the Division of Entomology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum