Recent Achievements in Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) Technology. Part I.

Tehnologija simuliranog pokretnog ležaja poznata je više od pola stoljeća na području kontinuirane kromatografske separacije binarnih smjesa. Otkrivena i razvijena u petrokemijskoj i industriji šećera, ova tehnologija je prepoznata od strane organskih kemičara u farmaceutskoj industriji kao moćno oruđe za separaciju racemičnih smjesa. Niz godina razvijana je kao standardna laboratorijska metoda, zatim kao postupak za pilotna postrojenja, i konačno kao industrijska metoda za dobivanje kiralnih spojeva u optički čistom obliku. Konačni produkti ove tehnologije su enantiomerno čisti lijekovi te drugi biološki aktivni spojevi i njihovi intermedijari. U prvom dijelu ovog pregleda prikazani su osnovni principi i odabrani primjeri nedavne primjene tehnologije SMB.Simulated moving bed (SMB) technology is over half a century known in continuous chromatographic separation of binary mixtures. Invented and developed in the petrochemical and sugar industries, it was recognized by organic chemists in the pharmaceutical industry as a powerful tool in separation of racemic mixtures. Over the years, it was developed into a standard laboratory, then pilot-plant and finally large-scale method for production of chiral compounds in the optically pure form. Final products of this technology are enantiopure drugs, other biologically active compounds and their intermediates. In Part I of this review, the basic principles and selected examples of recent SMB technology applications are presented

Study of Chromatographic Enantioseparation of the Esters of N-Dinitrobenzoyl (N-DNB) and N-Benzoyl (N-B) α-Amino Acids on Novel Chiral Stationary Phases Containing Structurally Matching N-DNB and N-B-α-AA Amides in the Chiral Selector

Enantioseparation ability and enantiopreference of chiral stationary phases CSP 1–CSP 3, containing a terminal N-3,5-dinitrobenzoyl (N-DNB) unit, and CSP 4, containing a terminal N-benzoyl (N-B) unit, are studied. Separation factors (α) for the two sets of test racemates (TR) that structurally match the chiral selector of these CSPs have been determined. The first set consists of seven N-DNB α-amino acid isopropylesters (TR 1A–TR 7A), and the second one of their N-B analogues (TR 1–TR 7). The best enantioseparation (αaverage 1.27) is obtained when π-acceptor DNB unit is present in both TR and CSP. One π-acceptor unit, either in the analyte or in CSP, suffices for efficient enantioseparation (αaverage 1.19). Interaction between π-neutral units in the CSP and test racemate does not afford effective enantioseparation (αaverage 1.03). Using (S)-enantiomers of all TRs as standards, CD detection has revealed regular preference of the CSPs for the enantiomers containing amino acid amide of the same absolute configuration. The possible origin of such enantiopreference is discussed

Experiments and Models in Enantiorecognition by Chiral Pirkle-type Stationary Phases Containing Aromatic π-Acid Branching Units

An overview of the projects in the authors\u27 laboratory aimed at developing novel chiral stationary phases (CSPs) is presented. Emphasis is put on the origin of the concept of using 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1,3-dicyanobenzene (TCDCB) and 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (CDNB) as the branching units in the Pirkle-type (brush-type) CSPs. Preparations of nearly a hundred novel CSPs, requiring synthesis of almost three hundred new compounds as intermediates or model structures, are described. Specific recognition properties and enantioselection efficacy of individual CSPs is demonstrated for various sets of test racemates (TR). Correlation between the structure and conformational properties of chiral selectors and racemic analytes is discussed. Specific properties of some CSPs, such as enhancement of their capacity by introducing the tweezer unit in the chiral selector, and catalysis of the enantiomerization process of configurationally unstable analyte are discussed. The mechanism of enantiorecognition of some TRs by structurally related CSPs is suggested

Razvoj banke koštanog tkiva u Sveučilišnoj kliničkoj bolnici Mostar

Bone tissue banks are necessary for collection, production, testing, packaging, storage and delivery of bone transplants. Bone tissue bank is a link between the donor and the recipient by which the donation becomes a medium of health improvement for both the donor and the recipient. At the Department of Orthopedics, Mostar University Clinical Hospital, about 200 total hip replacements are performed per year. Most patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery (90%) have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis, and they are suitable donors, having in mind their age and comorbidities. In the same Department, around 50 procedures that require bone transplants are performed per year. A team of highly competent surgeons are working on an intensive process of adaptation oriented to quality improvement and intensification of the activity, both with the goal of meeting the standards of excellence in orthopedic surgery. The presence of a bone tissue bank has a favorable impact on the quality of health care owing to bone transplant availability, as well as on the scientific role of a highly specialized institution that examines the properties of bone tissue.Banke koštanog tkiva su odgovorne za skupljanje, proizvodnju, ispitivanje, pakiranje, skladištenje i isporuku koštanih transplantata. Banka koštanog tkiva premosnica je od donora k primatelju prilikom koje se donacija pretače u sredstvo za poboljšanje zdravstvenog stanja kako primatelja tako i davatelja. Na Klinici za ortopediju Sveučilišne kliničke bolnice Mostar na godinu se ugradi oko 200 totalnih proteza kuka. Većini bolesnika kojima se ugrađuje totalna proteza kuka (90%) identificirana je dijagnoza osteoartritisa te su pogodni davatelji, s tim da se u obzir uzimaju komorbiditeti i životna dob. Na godinu se na Klinici izvodi oko 50 različitih operacija za koje trebaju koštani presatci. Tim visoko kompetentnih kirurga bavi se intenzivnim procesom adaptacije koji je orijentiran poboljšanju kvalitete i jačanju aktivnosti s ciljem zadovoljenja standarda izvrsnosti u ortopedskoj kirurgiji. Prisutnost ovakve koštane banke učinkovito utječe na kvalitetu skrbi kako zbog brže dostupnosti implantata tako i zbog znanstvene uloge visoko specificirane ustanove koja bazično istražuje svojstva koštanog tkiva