Debating Development Help: NGO Fieldworker Perspectives on Street and Urban Poor Children in Ghana

This ethnographic investigation of the non-governmental organization (NGO) Catholic Action for Street Children (CAS) questions the cultural appropriateness of its policies and practices. By situating CAS in a historical context of colonialism and structural adjustment reforms, I show how it is responsive to a legitimating environment that consists of private donors, international finance institutions, and the Ghanaian government, all of which put pressure on CAS to specifically target street children and to adopt a policy of choice that places primary responsibility for development on the individual child. I argue that the legitimating environment is neoliberal in orientation, especially with respect to who is identified as a recipient of aid and what type of aid the recipient should receive, and which is further connected to a global transformation in representation from the street child as innocent victim to one who is more like an adult and so responsible for his or her own choices. Through an analysis of the perspectives of CAS’s own fieldworkers, I argue that the conceptualization of street children as miniature adults promotes policies that help only more advantaged street children, masks social inequalities, and does not include children’s support networks in a formulation of aid. Based on my findings, I recommend a more participatory approach that includes fieldworkers’ ideas and perspectives in the design and implementation of CAS policies

More than sense of place? Exploring the emotional dimension of rural tourism experiences

It is widely suggested that participation in rural tourism is underpinned by a sense of rural place or “rurality”. However, although nature and the countryside have long been recognised as a source of spiritual or emotional fulfilment, few have explored the extent to which tourism, itself often claimed to be a sacred experience, offers an emotional/spiritual dimension in the rural context. This paper addresses that literature gap. Using in-depth interviews with rural tourists in the English Lake District, it explores the extent to which, within respondents’ individual understanding of spirituality, a relationship exists between sense of place and deeper, emotional experiences and, especially, whether participation in rural tourism may induce spiritual or emotional responses. The research revealed that all respondents felt a strong attachment to the Lake District; similarly, and irrespective of their openness to spirituality, engaging in rural tourism activities resulted in highly emotive experiences for all respondents, the description/interpretation of such experiences being determined by individual “beliefs”. However, sense of place was not a prerequisite to emotional or spiritual experiences. Being in and engaging with the landscape � effectively becoming part of it � especially through physical activity is fundamental to emotional responses

Measuring spirometry in a lung cancer screening cohort highlights possible underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is underdiagnosed, and measurement of spirometry alongside low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer is one strategy to increase earlier diagnosis of this disease. // Methods: Ever-smokers at high risk of lung cancer were invited to the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial for a Lung Health Check (LHC) comprising LDCT screening, pre-bronchodilator spirometry and smoking cessation service. In this cross-sectional study we present data on participant demographics, respiratory symptoms, lung function, emphysema on imaging and both self-reported and primary care diagnoses of COPD. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with possible underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of COPD in this population, with airflow obstruction (AO) defined as FEV1/FVC ratio <0.70. // Results: Of 3,920 LHC attendees undergoing spirometry, 17% had undiagnosed AO with respiratory symptoms, representing potentially undiagnosed COPD. Compared to those with a primary care COPD code, this population had milder symptoms, better lung function, and were more likely to be current smokers (p≤0.001 for all comparisons). Of 836 attendees with a primary care COPD code who underwent spirometry, 19% did not have AO, potentially representing misdiagnosed COPD, although symptom burden was high. // Discussion: Spirometry offered alongside LDCT screening can potentially identify cases of undiagnosed and misdiagnosed COPD. Future research should assess the downstream impact of these findings to determine if any meaningful changes to treatment and outcomes occurs, and also to assess the impact on co-delivering spirometry on other parameters of LDCT screening performance such as participation and adherence. Additionally, work is needed to better understand the aetiology of respiratory symptoms in those with misdiagnosed COPD, to ensure this highly symptomatic group receive evidence-based interventions

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of body psychotherapy in the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia - a multi-centre randomised controlled trial

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

The Grizzly, November 15, 1994

Judiciary Board Hearing Ends with Guilty Verdict • Founders\u27 Day Closes 125th Anniversary Celebration • Sexual Discrimination in the Legal Profession • C. Everett Koop Speaks at Convocation • Republicans Sweep Democrats • Professor Opens Doors to Sociological Imagination • Great Minds Don\u27t Think Alike • Scholarship Allows Professor to Experience African Culture • Musical Ensembles to Present Concert • A Lesson in American Alcohol Abuse • Jason Pierce, Musical Missionary, to Perform • Bears Challenge Dickinsonhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1347/thumbnail.jp

Smart homes and their users:a systematic analysis and key challenges

Published research on smart homes and their users is growing exponentially, yet a clear understanding of who these users are and how they might use smart home technologies is missing from a field being overwhelmingly pushed by technology developers. Through a systematic analysis of peer-reviewed literature on smart homes and their users, this paper takes stock of the dominant research themes and the linkages and disconnects between them. Key findings within each of nine themes are analysed, grouped into three: (1) views of the smart home-functional, instrumental, socio-technical; (2) users and the use of the smart home-prospective users, interactions and decisions, using technologies in the home; and (3) challenges for realising the smart home-hardware and software, design, domestication. These themes are integrated into an organising framework for future research that identifies the presence or absence of cross-cutting relationships between different understandings of smart homes and their users. The usefulness of the organising framework is illustrated in relation to two major concerns-privacy and control-that have been narrowly interpreted to date, precluding deeper insights and potential solutions. Future research on smart homes and their users can benefit by exploring and developing cross-cutting relationships between the research themes identified

The Grizzly, October 4, 1994

1994 Homecoming Court Spotlighted • Research Opportunities • Family Day \u2794 a Success • Arms Embargo Still Intact • Mining Industry Saved From Taxation • Homecoming Queen Nominees • New Lab Expands Horizons of Freshman Biologists • Recycling Lets Everyone Breathe a Little Easier • Kilmartin Lightens up Lower Lounge • Bright Moments and Sweet Sounds • Executing Justice with Pro-Theatre • Suggestions, Please! • Exploring Secrets & Truths Otherwise Unknown • Jam at the Trench • A Lesson in Life • The Real World: Collegeville • Prejudice Can Eclipse Unique Differences • Swarthmore Hands Bears Second Straight Defeat • UC Volleyball Loses Pair • UC Captain\u27s Council Set to Make Changeshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1342/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, December 6, 1994

Beetlemania Hits Ursinus • Strassburger Appointed President • Unrest in the Baltics Continues • Ursinus Birthday Card Unveiled • Jeffrey Dahmer Dead • Philadelphia Teen Slain as Result of Inner City Rivalries • Lectures, Friendships, and Giving Up Shop • The Holidays Mean More Than Just Christmas • Alumna Spotlight: The Life of a Doctor • The Java Trench: More Than Just Coffee • Indigo Girls Delight Philly Fans • Intramural Updatehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1349/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, October 25, 1994

Service: It\u27s Not Greek to Them • Ursinus Cross Country Team Involved in Accident • Five Lives Claimed at Bloomsburg Frat House • Pi Omega Delta Captures Banner for Blood Drive • Democrats in Danger: Election for House and Senate too Close to Call • United States and North Korean Timetable for Nuclear Disarmament • Freshman Class Officers Ready to Make a Difference • Lopate Shares Humor and Insight • Berman Museum Celebrates its Fifth Anniversary • Choir to Sing on Saturday • An Open Letter to All Greeks • Basketball Woes • A Few Inches From Drowning • A Philly Fan • UC Soccer Gets Back on Track • Intramural Updatehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1344/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, April 25, 1995

Coming Soon: The New Wismer • Two Suspects Apprehended for Oklahoma City Bombing • Mathematics Awareness Week • Clare Zeberkiewicz Awarded UPS Scholarship • Spring Fling • A Midnight Jog • Dr. Clark Responds to Core Concerns • Recycling at Ursinus • Travel Opportunities Offer Escape from Ursinus Campus • New House to Focus on Unity and Diversity • Rape Aggression Defense Teaches Valuable Self-Defense Techniques • Alpha Kappa Delta to Form • The Costa Rica Experience • Don\u27t miss the Concert Band and Jazz Ensemble • Comedian Rich Ramirez Delivers • Politics Comes to Ursinus • Sammartino Named Player of the Week • Baseball Team Ties Record for Wins • Lacrosse Team Stays Alive for Playoff Bid • Men\u27s Tennis Team on a Roll • Track Teams Gear Up for Conference Meet • All-Sports Reception Set for May 1 • Volleyball Team Seeks Players • Cosgrove Named First Team All-American • Women\u27s Tennis • Champions! Softball Team Shares Centennial Title • Softball Team Plays HR Derbyhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1360/thumbnail.jp