A complex approach in the diagnostics of children with ASD. FMR1 gene mutation clinical case

The importance of developing a model of initial support for a child with suspicion of an autism spectrum disorder is underlined. The main principles of the diagnostic examination, which are based on the interaction between specialists of various profiles, are listed. The primary importance of strict compliance with the diagnostic protocol, which allows fully describe the disease pattern is substantiated. The model is illustrated by a critical analysis of the clinical case in which the principles of the child’s examination were not followed

Building Academic Reading Skills in Children with ASD Using the Author’s Method “Speaking Skills”

Speech deficits in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be observed at child&rsquo;s early development in the form of a deficit in understanding addressed speech, abnormal prelinguistic development, and deficits in the communicative sphere. These factors further prevent children with ASD from successful building reading skills. With all the variety of reading difficulties in children with ASD, reading comprehension problems are the most common. At the same time, it has been repeatedly shown that the deficit in reading comprehension is based on the deficit of oral speech, and the volume of the vocabulary and the level of mastering the syntactic norms of the language play a big role. The colleagues of the Federal Resource Center for the Organization of Comprehensive Support to Children with ASD (FRC MSUPE) developed the author&rsquo;s method called &laquo;Speaking Skills&raquo;. It is aimed at developing reading skills in children with ASD. The method is intended for teaching preschoolers and younger schoolchildren in groups. The article describes the method implementation step by step, give the scheme of a typical lesson, as well as the criteria for assessing skills necessary for mastering the reading. We provide examples of original didactic materials that allow the child to &ldquo;read&rdquo; the sentence, knowing the minimum number of letters. It increases the child&rsquo;s interest and motivation for classes. The technique of relying on one letter, which is a lexically significant unit, creates an attitude to reading as a process of extracting meaning, which increases learning effectiveness. It also describes how to adapt the program to the special educational needs of children with ASD: organization of educational environment; adaptation and the way of introducing the materials; coping with leading developmental challenges. The design of the planned pilot study of the effectiveness of the presented methodology is described. Thus, using the method &ldquo;Speaking Skills&rdquo; allow not only to more successfully master reading skills, but also to fill in the deficiencies in the communicative and social sphere.</p

On the mechanisms of the occurrence of autism spectrum disorders: a family case report

Currently, more than 1000 genes described in which mutations are observed in autism spectrum disorders. Neurobiological predictors have been found to presume these abnormalities in early postnatal ontogenesis. However, the mechanisms of the occurrence of these genetic abnormalities remain unclear. This is connected to the particular interest in the description of family cases in which ASD in combination with various genome features are observed. The data of a five-year comprehensive psychological and neurophysiological study of three siblings with various developmental features and genetic disorders inherited from the father are presented. The results revealed that all children showed an increase in altered chromosome regions inherited from their father. However, only in the case of an increase in repeats in chromosome 8, autism spectrum disorder was diagnosed in a child. Changes in the Y chromosome, apparently, are not associated with detected developmental disorders in two other children

Factors Influencing the Success Of Autism Spectrum Disorders Overcoming

No more than 10—20% of children with autism, as becoming adults can adapt to a relatively independent life. Despite many publications dedicated to autism, relatively little work has examined the output characteristics and pathomorphosis of psychic and cognitive disorders in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Only few longitudinal studies allow us to represent what happens in later life with people who have ASD. For conducting effective correctional interventions overcomingwith children with ASD there is need to identify predictors of successful overcome of disorders. The basis for the study, conducted by a team of psychologists and neuroscientists, was the assumption that the information about the features of violations of basic neurobiological mechanisms in people with autism spectrum disorders should determine the tactics of assistance. Genetic, neurophysiological and psychological factors, causing more successful overcoming of these disorders in children are revealed