COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR CALCULATING VERTICAL JUMP HEIGHT IN SPORT

Problem Title: Comparison of methods for calculating vertical jump height in sport Course Level: Second-year undergraduate. Learning Outcomes: Describe the principles behind calculating jump height from impulse and from flight time Apply the impulse-momentum relationship and relevant equation of motion separately to calculate jump height from net impulse and from flight time Explain the potential limitations of each approach and their implications for the accuracy of the calculation

From Stout to Plus: Identifying the Evolution of Apparel Sizing for Larger Consumers from 1913 to 1993

Ongoing discourse regarding women’s apparel sizing standards, or lack thereof, reflects a collective sense of confusion both within industry and amongst consumers (DesMarteau, 2000; Kennedy, 2009; Schofield & LaBat, 2005). This confusion over sizing has been shown to lead to consumer frustrations with the fit of clothing, with plus size consumers experiencing a great amount of difficulty (Petrov & Ashdown, 2012). Issues of apparel sizing and fit and a plus size market are not a recent phenomenon. However, discourse regarding demographic trends that contribute to this growing segment has become increasingly pertinent in recent years

Task Demands and Age-Related Differences in Retrieval and Response Inhibition

This study investigates the role of task demands on children\u27s ability to inhibit irrelevant information using a block-cued directed-forgetting task. Recall performance was compared in a block-cued directed-forgetting task in which task demands had been decreased by presenting blocks of semantically related words with that in which unrelated words were presented. Inhibition patterns of recall were found at a younger age in the task that contained the related words than in the task that contained the unrelated words. These results suggest that previous results charting the development of cognitive inhibition may not have been exclusively the product of the development of inhibition, but rather a product of both the difficulty of the task and the development of inhibition

REDUCTION OF ASYMMETRICAL COMPETITION THROUGH COGNITIVE ADAPTATIONS IN TWO SYMPATRIC CHIPMUNKS

Asymmetrical competition occurs frequently and can potentially lead to a small species facing resource exclusion. When this competition occurs for food resources, smaller species often have to compensate for this pressure by becoming more efficient foragers. This can include harvesting food more efficiently (Brown, Kotler & Mitchell, 1994), knowing when one should revisit a patch site (Devenport, Humphries, & Devenport (1998), and expertly hiding one’s stores to prevent theft (Devenport, Luna, & Devenport, 2000; Penner & Devenport, 2011). There has been indirect evidence that suggests that some of these behavioral differences are the result of cognitive adaptations (Devenport et al., 2000; Penner & Devenport, 2011, Vander Wall, 1991). This study assessed whether a pair of asymmetrical competitors (small Tamias minimus and large T. striatus) would display different foraging strategies and if these differences were the result of underlying cognitive differences between them. These expectations were partially supported by this study. Using a well-validated measure of cognitive mapping, T.minimus was found to create more complex maps suggesting that T.minimus can rely more on their memory of cache location, thereby hide them more effectively, and perhaps allow more time for robbing the larger and more easily found caches of T. striatus. While T.minimus is disadvantaged at harvest sites because of its size, it may narrow the competitive gap owing to improved caching and pilfering behavior

Comparison of methods for calculating vertical jump height in sport

Problem Title: Comparison of methods for calculating vertical jump height in sport Course Level: Second-year undergraduate. Learning Outcomes: Describe the principles behind calculating jump height from impulse and from flight time Apply the impulse-momentum relationship and relevant equation of motion separately to calculate jump height from net impulse and from flight time Explain the potential limitations of each approach and their implications for the accuracy of the calculation

COMPARISON OF PLUG-IN GAIT AND A SIX DEGREES OF FREEDOM MODEL ON ESTIMATING KNEE KINEMATICS DURING A DOUBLE LEG DROP JUMP

Biomechanical models allow for a comprehensive understanding of dynamic movements that could be used to assess athletic performance or identify injury risk and return to play status. In order to make clinical recommendations based on these model outputs, discrepancies between modelling approaches need to be identified. The purpose of this study was to compare the knee kinematics between the commonly used Plug-in Gait model and a six degrees of freedom model during the first landing a double leg drop jump (DLDJ). This study identified differences in the model outputs for knee kinematics, most prominently in the frontal and transverse planes. Further investigation is required to determine the reliability and sensitivity of these model outputs

Shear-driven size segregation of granular materials: modeling and experiment

Granular materials segregate by size under shear, and the ability to quantitatively predict the time required to achieve complete segregation is a key test of our understanding of the segregation process. In this paper, we apply the Gray-Thornton model of segregation (developed for linear shear profiles) to a granular flow with an exponential profile, and evaluate its ability to describe the observed segregation dynamics. Our experiment is conducted in an annular Couette cell with a moving lower boundary. The granular material is initially prepared in an unstable configuration with a layer of small particles above a layer of large particles. Under shear, the sample mixes and then re-segregates so that the large particles are located in the top half of the system in the final state. During this segregation process, we measure the velocity profile and use the resulting exponential fit as input parameters to the model. To make a direct comparison between the continuum model and the observed segregation dynamics, we locally map the measured height of the experimental sample (which indicates the degree of segregation) to the local packing density. We observe that the model successfully captures the presence of a fast mixing process and relatively slower re-segregation process, but the model predicts a finite re-segregation time, while in the experiment re-segregation occurs only exponentially in time

Attitudes toward Eating Disorders and the Role of Body Dissatisfaction in College Women

Few studies have examined stigma towards people with eating disorders. What research has been done indicates that stigma towards those with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa may be different than stigma of severe mental illnesses, though the nature of this stigma is not clear. Research also indicates that attitudes may be different depending on the type of the eating disorder. In the current study, body dissatisfaction was predicted to be a contributing variable in the formation attitudes towards those with anorexia and bulimia. Results indicate that body dissatisfaction does not play as important role in attitudes towards those with anorexia and bulimia as predicted. However, this study was unique in that video clips of women describing their symptoms were used, as opposed to written vignettes, and this may have influenced the direction of the results.M.A

Giving Community Psychology Away: A case for open access publishing

Amidst increased pressure for transparency in science, researchers and community members are calling for open access to study stimuli and measures, data, and results. These arguments coincidentally align with calls within community psychology to find innovative ways to support communities and increase the prominence of our field. This paper aims to (1) define the current context for community psychologists in open access publishing, (2) illustrate the alignment between open access publishing and community psychology principles, and (3) demonstrate how to engage in open access publishing using community psychology values. Currently, there are several facilitators (e.g. an increasing number of open access journals, the proliferation of blogs, and social media) and barriers (e.g. Article Processing Charges (APCs), predatory journals) to publishing in open access venues. Openly sharing our research findings aligns with our values of (1) citizen participation, (2) social justice, and (3) collaboration and community strengths. Community psychologists desiring to engage in open access publishing can ask journals to waive APCs, publish pre-prints, use blogs and social media to share results, and push for systemic change in a publishing system that disenfranchises researchers, students, and community members