The Relationship between Fuzzy Reasoning and Its Temporal Characteristics for Knowledge Management

The knowledge management systems based on artificial reasoning (KMAR) tries to provide computers the capabilities of performing various intelligent tasks for which their human users resort to their knowledge and collective intelligence. There is a need for incorporating aspects of time and imprecision into knowledge management systems, considering appropriate semantic foundations. The aim of this paper is to present the FRTES, a real-time fuzzy expert system, embedded in a knowledge management system. Our expert system is a special possibilistic expert system, developed in order to focus on fuzzy knowledge.Knowledge Management, Artificial Reasoning, predictability

American Depression Impact on Economical Relations between European Union and United States of America

The world economic crisis is a system crisis that has deep implications on country groups. For the developed countries the crisis means the diminishing of the economic increase rhythm, reduction of new work places creation, unemployment increase, deepening of social tensions and a diminishing of the work productivity increase. Moreover there can be noticed a sustained pressure over the social assistance and protection, over the living level increase and of the antisocial phenomena increase. On the other hand there is a counter-pressure form these countries to maintain certain advantages they have due to the integration policies, advantages that were brought about by the international work division, by the international economic relations based on the comparative cost theory, intensification of armament production and of technical progress of the world finances.economic crisis, financial crisis, price, stock market, capital fluxes, recession

How to Improve the Self-employment System: Some European Experiences

The paper is based on the research results of an European project which is aimed to describe the conditions of self-employment system in four European countries: Finland, Austria, Poland and Romania. The authors opinion consider that the transfer of the entrepreneurship experience from the more advanced countries to the central and eastern European ones could be a chance to improve the competitiveness of the system.self-employment, guidance and counseling, entrepreneurship

Possibilities and Limits of the Quality Integrated Management within the Romanian Companies

The authors of the paper try to identify the main approaches in the field of the Quality Integrated Management on the Romanian companies’ level, starting with the discussion about the theoretical frame of the topic. The paper speaks about the taylorist and Japanese systems as the most important backgrounds for the quality management improvement. The opportunities and the strong points are analyzed and the main hindrances are identified in order to offer a general view of the complexity of the quality system.formal organization, informal organization, satisfying behaviour, bounded rationality, transfunctional factory, cultural revolution

The Crisis Impact on the Labour Market

The aim of this paper is to discuss the impact of the current global economic crisis on the labour market, including the risk that the recession will be followed by a jobless recovery that contributes to a lost generation of young people in the workforce. The crisis affects different sectors in different ways, but the impact also varies according to age, gender, skills level and type of contract. Although it had a more significant effect on the private sector of the economy, the crisis’s impact on the broader public sector is also obvious. Migrants, both legal and illegal, are particularly vulnerable during crises because they are typically not being provided the same level of employment protection as native workers and hence they are the first to lose their jobs during an economic downturn.economic crisis, unemployment, young workers, migrant

An approach for the evaluation of rural governance in Cameroon: are community forests really forests for the communities?

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the contribution of the traditional exploitation of timber, in a community framework, to the respect of governance principles in actions for the fight against poverty in some rural communities in Cameroon. In 1990, the government of Cameroon adopted laws on the freedom of association that authorised teaming up for the search of possibilities for a better economic welfare of populations. It is in line with this that in 1994, a new forest law which authorises willing communities to organise themselves and request the government to grant them a portion of the national forest of the public domain to be managed by them and for their personal interest. Also, and with the help of the international community, Cameroon elaborated in 1998 its first poverty reduction strategy paper that encouraged amongst others, community actions in the search of solutions to the economic crisis that stroke the country. Through the application of a logit model to the responses collected through a survey carried out on a sample of 200 individuals of the East region of Cameroon, it was noticed that timber exploitation in a community framework does not necessarily lead to the strengthening of the links of belonging to a common community, and to the equitable redistribution of revenues from the exploitation of the community forest.Community forests, gender, equity, governance, fight against poverty, participation

Oil Effect on World Economy

The paper presents the macroeconomic effects of the oil trade on the world economy, taking into account a number of factors that characterise it: evolution of oil price, as well as dynamics of oil exports, economic increase based on oil of the producing and consuming countries, attempts to diversify their economies in order to get rid of the oil dependence, tendencies and length of these processes, co-operation and role of the countries that are involved in the exchange affairs that deal with this fundamental product called: the blood of economy.Oil trade, production, oil consumption, effects, alternative energies

Realities of the Self-Employment Process in Romania

The present analyse was developed within the framework of Self-Employment project, i.e. “Guidance and counselling for self-employment”, financed under EU Leonardo da Vinci Programme. The aim of this project is to identify the location and the value of guidance and counselling services addressed to people considering self-employment. The project conducted a survey of existing guidance and counselling services in different location addressed to educated and experienced persons who wish to start their own business, how they were assisted and provided necessary guidance. The project partners are from Austria, Poland, Romania and Finland. This complementary partnership represents the background of counselling and guidance, academic and education, research and analysis fields strengthen by small business orientation and experience in self-employment project. They represent environments of different level of national awareness, policies and educational offer. The present paper is based on the findings of the field study, aiming to identify the real needs of the self-employed and of the people considering self-employment and if supporting services available are suited to their needs.

A Business Process Management System based on a General Optimium Criterion

Business Process Management Systems (BPMS) provide a broad range of facilities to manage operational business processes. These systems should provide support for the complete Business Process Management (BPM) life-cycle (16): (re)design, configuration, execution, control, and diagnosis of processes. BPMS can be seen as successors of Workflow Management (WFM) systems. However, already in the seventies people were working on office automation systems which are comparable with today’s WFM systems. Recently, WFM vendors started to position their systems as BPMS. Our paper’s goal is a proposal for a Tasks-to-Workstations Assignment Algorithm (TWAA) for assembly lines which is a special implementation of a stochastic descent technique, in the context of BPMS, especially at the control level. Both cases, single and mixed-model, are treated. For a family of product models having the same generic structure, the mixed-model assignment problem can be formulated through an equivalent single-model problem. A general optimum criterion is considered. As the assembly line balancing, this kind of optimisation problem leads to a graph partitioning problem meeting precedence and feasibility constraints. The proposed definition for the "neighbourhood" function involves an efficient way for treating the partition and precedence constraints. Moreover, the Stochastic Descent Technique (SDT) allows an implicit treatment of the feasibility constraint. The proposed algorithm converges with probability 1 to an optimal solution.BPMS, control assembly system, stochastic optimisation techniques, TWAA, SDT

Anti-crisis Politics Assumed by Some Governs from Euro Area

Many governments from euro area continue to adopt the EU reglementations and policies anti crisis. Members of governments and parliaments of the euro area try to maintain liquidity in the economic system at this fragile moment of transition between crisis and growth and to develop exit strategies for winding down stimulus programmers once recovery has firmly taken root and to adopt medium-term measures to restore budgetary level. In this work are presented some of the most significant anti-crisis measures taken by some governments in the euro area. A comparative analysis for some representative countries from the euro area has been done in order to conclude that some anti-crisis measures had the desired effect, while others have side effects that required further actions