Biologically Inspired Girder Structure for the Synchrotron Radiation Facility PETRA IV

Lightweight structures are widely used across different industry sectors. However, they get easily excited by external influences, such as vibrations. Undesired high vibration amplitudes can be avoided by shifting the structural eigenfrequencies, which can be achieved adapting the structural design considering optimisation procedures and structures primarily inspired by diatoms. This procedures has been applied to the development process of a girder structure installed in a synchrotron radiation facility to support heavy magnets and other components. The objective was to design a 2.9 m long girder structure with high eigenfrequencies, a high stiffness and a low mass. Based on a topology optimisation result, a parametric beam–shell model including biologically inspired structures (e.g., Voronoi combs, ribs, and soft and organic-looking transitions) was built up. The subsequent cross-sectional optimisation using evolutionary strategic optimisation revealed an optimum girder structure, which was successfully manufactured using the casting technology. Eigenfrequency measurements validated the numerical models. Future changes in the specifications can be implemented in the bio-inspired development process to obtain adapted girder structures

Arterial Aneurysm Localization Is Sex-Dependent

The aim of this study was to investigate sex-dependent aneurysm distributions. A total of 3107 patients with arterial aneurysms were diagnosed from 2006 to 2016. Patients with anything other than true aneurysms, hereditary connective tissue disorders or vasculitides (n = 918) were excluded. Affected arterial sites and age at first aneurysm diagnosis were compared between women and men by an unpaired two-tailed t-test and Fisher’s exact test. The study sample consisted of 2189 patients, of whom 1873 were men (85.6%) and 316 women (14.4%) (ratio m:w = 5.9:1). Men had considerably more aneurysms in the abdominal aorta (83.4% vs. 71.1%; p p p p p p p p < 0.001). Age at disease onset and further aneurysm distribution showed no considerable difference. The infrarenal segment might be considered a natural border for aneurysm formation in men and women suspected to have distinct genetic, pathophysiologic and ontogenetic factors. Screening modalities for women at risk might need further adjustment, particularly thoracic cross-sectional imaging complementation

Genetic Variation in <i>LRP1</i> Associates with Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection Risk and Clinical Outcome

Genetic variation in LRP1 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1) was reported to be associated with thoracic aortic dissections and aneurysms. The aims of this study were to confirm this association in a prospective single-center patient cohort of patients with acute Stanford type B aortic dissections (STBAD) and to assess the impact of LRP1 variation on clinical outcome. The single nucleotide variation (SNV) rs11172113 within the LRP1 gene was genotyped in 113 STBAD patients and 768 healthy control subjects from the same population. The T-allele of rs11172113 was more common in STBAD patients as compared to the reference group (72.6% vs. 59.6%) and confirmed to be an independent risk factor for STBAD (p = 0.002) after sex and age adjustment in a logistic regression model analyzing diabetes, smoking and hypertension as additional risk factors. Analysis of clinical follow-up (median follow-up 2.0 years) revealed that patients with the T-allele were more likely to suffer aorta-related complications (T-allele 75.6% vs. 63.8%; p = 0.022). In this study sample of STBAD patients, variation in LRP1 was an independent risk factor for STBAD and affected clinical outcome

Status Update of the SINBAD-ARES Linac Under Construction at DESY

ARES (Accelerator Research Experiment at Sinbad) is a linear accelerator for the production of low charge (from few pC to sub-pC) electron bunches with 100 MeV energy, fs and sub-fs duration and excellent arrival time stability. This experiment is currently under construction at DESY Hamburg and it is foreseen to start operation by the beginning of 2018 with the commissioning of the RF-gun. After an initial beam characterization phase, ARES will provide high temporal resolution probes for testing novel acceleration techniques, such as Laser driven plasma Wake-Field Acceleration (LWFA), Dielectric Laser Acceleration (DLA) and THz driven acceleration. In this work we present an overview of the present design of the linac with a special focus on 3D integration and planned installation phases of the beamline