Identificación morfológica de garrapatas colectadas en bovinos de la región norte del Perú

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Zootecnia. Departamento Académico de NutriciónLa actividad ganadera se ha incrementado significativamente y junto con ella los problemas parasitarios, incluyendo algunos con impacto en la salud pública. La infestación con garrapatas constituye una importante parasitosis que afecta al ganado vacuno en el país, generando un importante impacto negativo. En el Perú no existen registros actuales sobre la distribución de las especies de garrapatas en bovinos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar morfológicamente las garrapatas que infestan al ganado bovino de la región norte del país, incluyendo las regiones de: Tumbes, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Cajamarca, Amazonas, San Martín y Loreto; en sus diferentes pisos altitudinales. Se recolectaron especímenes en animales ubicados en predios de ganadería bovina, cada muestra fue almacenada en alcohol al 70% y llevada para su posterior identificación al Laboratorio de Parasitología de la Facultad de Zootecnia de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Para la identificación de las especies se usaron claves taxonómicas con características propias de cada especie de garrapata. La especie de garrapata más prevalente en bovinos de la región norte del país fue R. microplus (90.1%), seguido por O. megnini (5.9%), R. sanguineus (1.1%), D. nites (0.6%), Ixodes sp. (0.4%), A. triste (0.2%), A. tigrinum (0.2%) y A. sculptum (0.1%). Estas dos últimas se encontraron restringidas a la región natural Chala (0-500 msnm), y A. triste a Quechua (2300-3500 msnm). Asimismo, no se observó la presencia de O. megnini, D. nites e Ixodes spp en altitudes mayores a 89 msnm. Las especies que mostraron una mayor adaptación a diferentes pisos altitudinales fueron R. microplus y R. sanguinius. Los resultados demostraron que la distribución de las especies de garrapatas mantiene una relación con las condiciones geográficas, aunque algunas especies han desarrollado una alta capacidad de adaptación.Livestock activity has increased significantly and along with it parasitic problems, including some with an impact on public health. Tick infestation is an important parasitosis that affects cattle in the country, generating a significant negative impact. In Peru there are no current records on the distribution of tick species in cattle. The objective of this study was to morphologically identify the ticks that infest cattle in the northern region of the country, including the regions of: Tumbes, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Cajamarca, Amazonas, San Martín and Loreto; in its different altitudinal floors. Specimens were collected from animals located in cattle ranches, each sample was stored in 70% alcohol and taken for later identification to the Parasitology Laboratory of the Faculty of Zootechnics of the La Molina National Agrarian University. For the identification of the species, taxonomic keys with characteristics of each species of tick were used. The most prevalent tick species in cattle in the northern region of the country was R. microplus (90.1%), followed by O. megnini (5.9%), R. sanguineus (1.1%), D. nites (0.6%), Ixodes sp. (0.4%), A. triste (0.2%), A. tigrinum (0.2%) and A. sculptum (0.1%). These last two were found restricted to the Chala natural region (0-500 masl), and A. triste to Quechua (2300-3500 masl). Likewise, the presence of O. megnini, D. nites and Ixodes spp was not observed at altitudes higher than 89 masl. The species that showed a greater adaptation to different altitudinal floors were R. microplus and R. sanguinius. The results showed that the distribution of the tick species maintains a relationship with the geographical conditions, although some species have developed a high adaptation capacity

Global impact of the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic wave on vascular services

This online structured survey has demonstrated the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vascular services. The majority of centres have documented marked reductions in operating and services provided to vascular patients. In the months during recovery from the resource restrictions imposed during the pandemic peaks, there will be a significant vascular disease burden awaiting surgeons. One of the most affected specialtie

Documenting the Recovery of Vascular Services in European Centres Following the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic Peak: Results from a Multicentre Collaborative Study

Objective: To document the recovery of vascular services in Europe following the first COVID-19 pandemic peak. Methods: An online structured vascular service survey with repeated data entry between 23 March and 9 August 2020 was carried out. Unit level data were collected using repeated questionnaires addressing modifications to vascular services during the first peak (March - May 2020, "period 1"), and then again between May and June ("period 2") and June and July 2020 ("period 3"). The duration of each period was similar. From 2 June, as reductions in cases began to be reported, centres were first asked if they were in a region still affected by rising cases, or if they had passed the peak of the first wave. These centres were asked additional questions about adaptations made to their standard pathways to permit elective surgery to resume. Results: The impact of the pandemic continued to be felt well after countries' first peak was thought to have passed in 2020. Aneurysm screening had not returned to normal in 21.7% of centres. Carotid surgery was still offered on a case by case basis in 33.8% of centres, and only 52.9% of centres had returned to their normal aneurysm threshold for surgery. Half of centres (49.4%) believed their management of lower limb ischaemia continued to be negatively affected by the pandemic. Reduced operating theatre capacity continued in 45.5% of centres. Twenty per cent of responding centres documented a backlog of at least 20 aortic repairs. At least one negative swab and 14 days of isolation were the most common strategies used for permitting safe elective surgery to recommence. Conclusion: Centres reported a broad return of services approaching pre-pandemic "normal" by July 2020. Many introduced protocols to manage peri-operative COVID-19 risk. Backlogs in cases were reported for all major vascular surgeries