Socio-Economic Development and Insecurity in Nigeria: A Study of Boko Haram

This paper explores the connection between socio-economic development and insecurity in Nigeria. Of particular significance to this paper is the link between economic decline (characterized by high rates of unemployment, low wages and income, corruption and injustice) and the proliferation of conflict particularly in the north-east. The data presented in this study show a relationship between insecurity challenges in the north-east and rates of poverty and unemployment in the zone. Furthermore, the study shows that despite increased spending by the government, the number of attacks and resulting casualties continued to rise between 2009 and 2017. In the final analysis, it is here argued that for proposed long term solutions to the insecurity situation in Nigeria to be effective, they must be predicated on the rule of law, protective of personal and political freedoms and equality, accountable and transparent and more importantly, in service of the common good. Keywords: Insecurity, Socio-Economic Development, Boko Hara

CSOs Advocacy and the Legislative Process in Nigeria: A Case Study of the National Health Act, 2014

This paper examines the role of Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) in health care delivery through legislative advocacy. It highlights the various efforts of civil society organisations (CSOs) towards the passage of the National Health Bill (2014). The role of CSOs spanned the various stages of the legislative process. Evidence from their engagement and advocacy for the NHB shows that when CSOs are engaged in developing and reviewing national health plans, they can assist in identifying or sharpening national priorities and consequently help improve health outcomes. The paper concludes by highlighting key lessons learnt in the advocacy process and critical success factors which include knowledge of the legislative process, ability to leverage on existing relationships and networks, and partnership with international partners, among others. Keywords: National Health Act, CSOs, Legislative Advocacy, National Assembl

Elections Administration and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria: An Appraisal of the 2019 General Elections

This article presents a detailed appraisal of the administration of the 2019 general elections with a special focus on polling station information, set up, the voting and counting process, conduct of security officials and declaration of results. Findings show an improvement in the conduct of elections and hence a deepening of democracy in Nigeria. These improvements include the use of card readers and greater participation by stakeholders including observer groups, CSOs and the media. Some of the challenges include disruptions occasioned by the postponement of the general elections, low voter turnouts, logistical challenges, late arrivals of materials and officials, the cumbersome voting process for uneducated and rural voters, weak capacity of ad-hoc staff, voter inducement, shortage of materials and personnel, and challenges with smart card readers. Others are lack of special provisions for people with disabilities, inadequate security in some cases, too many political parties listed on the ballot paper, high number of invalid votes, non-adherence to electoral guidelines, uneven distribution of voters and underage voting. Recommendations arising from the paper include reform of the Electoral Act to improve transparency and efficiency through the use of ICT tools, continuing voter education, capacity development for INEC/ad-hoc staff and security officials, improving elections logistics and smart card reader functionality. Similarly recommended are enhanced funding for INEC, ensuring strict adherence to guidelines, continuous civic and voter registration, adequate provision for people living with disabilities and effective security planning. Keywords: Elections administration, Electoral Management Body, Democracy, Governance, Nigeria DOI: 10.7176/DCS/12-1-03 Publication date: January 31st 2022