Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions: Analysis and Prediction-The Case of Hebei Province in China

AbstractFrom the time of reform and opening up, China's rapid economic growth attracts worldwide attention, which also brings the accompanying problems that high energy consumption, high pollution and high emission are more prominent. Therefore, the low carbon economy development model has become an inevitable choice for China's sustainable economic development. However, the stage of economic development is insurmountable and the continuing growth and the disadvantaging structure of energy consumption will become a serious obstacle for China's low-carbon economy. Selecting the relevant data from 1980 to 2009, and using not only Hebei Province as its study area but also the whole country as its reference region, this paper analyzes the relationship between the changes in energy consumption structure and the carbon emissions in Hebei Province, and basing on which predicts the energy consumption and carbon emissions in the future in order to provide policy recommendations for the optimization of energy consumption structure, the upgrade of industrial structure, and the development of carbon econom

Time to tackle clonorchiasis in China

Recent publication of the global epidemiology of clonorchiasis and its relationship with cholangiocarcinoma in the journal of Infectious Diseases of Poverty has stressed the importance of Clonorchis sinensis infection. To further demonstrate its threat on public health, especially in China, comparisons between clonorchiasis and hepatitis B are made in terms of epidemiology, clinical symptoms and carcinogenicity, disability, as well as changing trends. Furthermore, major problems and prioritized researches are argued, from basic biology to intervention. Imbalance between the majority of infected population and the minority of researches in China urges for more work from Chinese scientists and international cooperation

Global epidemiology of clonorchiasis and its relation with cholangiocarcinoma

Human beings are infected through ingestion of raw or undercooked fish, which contains the metacercariae of liver flukes. This paper reviews the epidemiological status and characteristics of clonorchiasis at global level and the relationship between Clonorchis sinensis infection and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Liver flukes are a polyphyletic group of trematodes, including Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini and Opisthorchis felineus. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a cancer of the bile ducts. The epidemiology of clonorchiasis is characterized by a rising trend in prevalence, variability among sex and age, as well as endemicity in different regions. Accurate evaluation of prevalence is necessary to promote adoption of suitable interventions

Disability Weight of Clonorchis sinensis Infection: Captured from Community Study and Model Simulation

Clonorchiasis is caused by eating incompletely cooked fishery product which carries the larval of Clonorchis sinensis. Millions of people are estimated to suffer in Southeast Asia. However, it is still among the most neglected tropical diseases due to the lack of clear evaluation, of which no disease burden available is one important reason. Our study is the first attempt to estimate the disability of C. sinensis infection, which reflects the average loss of life value due to some conditions and is crucial for calculating disease burden in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). After obtaining the probability and disability of single sequelae caused by C. sinensis infection through community investigation and literatures reviewing respectively, the overall disability was captured through model simulation. It was showed the overall disability of the male was higher than that of the female, positive correlation occurred between disability and infection intensity, and gallstone took the major attributable proportion. Thus, C. sinensis infection can cause apparent disability. The disability captured here may promote the further studies and benefit the final estimation of disease burden, which will promote health awareness and implementation of intervention

The LAMOST Survey of Background Quasars in the Vicinity of the Andromeda and Triangulum Galaxies -- II. Results from the Commissioning Observations and the Pilot Surveys

We present new quasars discovered in the vicinity of the Andromeda and Triangulum galaxies with the LAMOST during the 2010 and 2011 observational seasons. Quasar candidates are selected based on the available SDSS, KPNO 4 m telescope, XSTPS optical, and WISE near infrared photometric data. We present 509 new quasars discovered in a stripe of ~135 sq. deg from M31 to M33 along the Giant Stellar Stream in the 2011 pilot survey datasets, and also 17 new quasars discovered in an area of ~100 sq. deg that covers the central region and the southeastern halo of M31 in the 2010 commissioning datasets. These 526 new quasars have i magnitudes ranging from 15.5 to 20.0, redshifts from 0.1 to 3.2. They represent a significant increase of the number of identified quasars in the vicinity of M31 and M33. There are now 26, 62 and 139 known quasars in this region of the sky with i magnitudes brighter than 17.0, 17.5 and 18.0 respectively, of which 5, 20 and 75 are newly-discovered. These bright quasars provide an invaluable collection with which to probe the kinematics and chemistry of the ISM/IGM in the Local Group of galaxies. A total of 93 quasars are now known with locations within 2.5 deg of M31, of which 73 are newly discovered. Tens of quasars are now known to be located behind the Giant Stellar Stream, and hundreds behind the extended halo and its associated substructures of M31. The much enlarged sample of known quasars in the vicinity of M31 and M33 can potentially be utilized to construct a perfect astrometric reference frame to measure the minute PMs of M31 and M33, along with the PMs of substructures associated with the Local Group of galaxies. Those PMs are some of the most fundamental properties of the Local Group.Comment: 26 pages, 6 figures, AJ accepte

The Responsiveness of Married Women's Labor Force Participation to Income and Wages: Recent Changes and Possible Explanations

One contributor to the twentieth century rise in married women's labor force participation was declining responsiveness to husbands' wages and other family income. Now that the rapid rise in married women's participation has slowed and even begun to reverse, this paper asks whether married women's cross-wage elasticities have continued to fall. Using the outgoing rotation group of the monthly Current Population Survey (CPS) and estimating coefficients separately for each year from 1994 through 2006, we find that the decline in responsiveness to husbands' wages has come to an endat least for the time beingand even find evidence of rising responsiveness to husbands' wages. This increase in the cross-wage elasticity of participation occurs largely between 1997 and 2002 and is concentrated among younger women and women with children. We also explore a number of possible explanations for this development. We conclude that declining divorce rates, rising child care costs, and the increasing prevalence of high work hours for high payall of which were more pronounced at the high end of the income distributionalong with rising income inequality may have played a role. Also possible is that some of the decline is an artifact of changes in the tax system and the way income is measured. In addition, we observe some backsliding in attitudes supportive of gender equality in the market and at home, and perhaps a change in lifecycle timing among Generation X women

(R)-(+)-citronellal identified as a female-produced sex pheromone of Aromia bungii Faldermann (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Abstract Aromia bungii Faldermann (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an important wood-boring pest of peach, apricot, plum and cherry in China. It is difficult to control it because of the cryptic feeding behaviour of larvae within the bark. In order to facilitate monitoring and control strategies for adult A. bungii, a series of experiments to verify its sex pheromone was conducted. Firstly, Y-tube experiments showed that A. bungii males were significantly attracted to volatiles from living female A. bungii. Combined with our earlier laboratory results showing that A. bungii females could emit (R)-(+)-citronellal, we evaluated the antennal responses of male A. bungii to (R)-(+)-citronellal using coupled gas chromatography-electroantennograms (GC-EAD) and electroantennography (EAG). (R)-(+)-citronellal elicited male antennal responses. In Y-tube behavioural bioassays, (R)-(+)-citronellal was attractive to male A. bungii. Therefore, (R)-(+)-citronellal which is a sex pheromone component produced by female A. bungii was hypothesised. The efficiency of using (R)-(+)-citronellal, alone or in combination with other attractants, to monitor and control A. bungii now requires further field experimentation and optimisation